scholarly journals The influence of foliar fertilization of maiden pear trees and soaking the root system of the rootstocks in hydrogel with the addition of Trifender WP preparation on the growth of maiden quince trees in a nursery

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Sławomir Świerczyński ◽  
Krzysztof Rutkowski ◽  
Ilona Świerczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Intercellular Space ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Foliar Fertilization ◽  
Pear Trees

The comparison of the influence of foliar fertilization with four preparations on the growth of ‘Conference’ maiden pear trees growing on MA quince rootstock was conducted in a nursery in a three-year period. The evaluation was conducted on the basis of maidens growth parameters and the state of their leaf minerals content as well as on photosynthetic activity of the maiden trees. The preparations used in the experiment affected the improvement of some growth parameters studied, especially the stem diameter and fresh mass of the maidens. Biopuls Original turned out to be the best preparation as it improved significantly three out of five studied growth parameters. A varied impact of the preparations used on the content of micro and macro-elements in leaves was detected. All tested preparations positively influenced the leaves area index of maiden trees except for Blackjak preparation. Photosynthetic intensity of maiden pear trees nourished through leaves was significantly smaller in comparison with the control. Only plants treated with Biopulus Original were characterized by a higher concentration of CO2 and its level in intercellular space. The aim of the second experiment was to check the influence of the application of Trifender WP preparation with hydrogel on the growth of ‘Champion’ maiden quince trees at the stage of planting the rootstocks into a nursery. A better branching of the rootstocks was obtained after the use of the preparation with hydrogel and the hydrogel alone. The trees in these combinations were also characterized by bigger fresh and dry mass of the leaves. The influence of Trifinder WP applied in connection with hydrogel was the best.

scholarly journals SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF Joannesia princeps Vell. SEEDS1

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rômulo André Beltrame ◽  
José Carlos Lopes ◽  
Julião Soares de Souza Lima ◽  
Vagner Mauri Quinto
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Root System ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
Physiological Quality

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to analyze the spatial distribution of the attributes that determine the physiological quality of Joannesia princeps seeds. Seeds were collected, individually from, 40 mother plants in the Horto Florestal Municipal Laerth Paiva Gama, in Alegre-ES, which constituted the georeferenced sampling mesh. For germination, the seeds tegument was cracked and was held the imbibition in gibberellic acid GA3 500 mg L-1 for 24 h in environmental chamber with temperature adjusted to 30 ºC. The seeds were sown in plastic bags of ± 600 cm3 containing soil+sand+manure in the proportion of 1:1:1. On the 65th day after sowing, the following variables were analised: emergence (E), emergence speed index (IVE), root length (CR), diameter of base (DC), shoot length of the aerial part (CPA), fresh mass of the root system (MFSR), fresh mass of the aerial part (MFPA), dry mass of the root system (MSSR) and dry mass of the aerial part (MSPA). Data were subjected to descriptive statistics, geostatistics and kriging. With the exception of CPA and MFSR, it was found spatial dependence for the other studied variables: E, IVE, CR, DC, MFPA, MSSR e MSPA; varying of 14,0 a 47,5 m, so that the lowest range for the CR and longer range and degree of spatial dependence for the IVE. The analysis of the spatial distribution of the physiological quality of seeds of J. princeps can be used as a tool to define the sampling region of seeds with high and low vigor.

scholarly journals Biometric characteristics of fruits, seeds and plants of Hancornia speciosa Gomes. (Apocynaceae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ((04) 2019) ◽  
pp. 622-627
Author(s):  
Alan Mario Zuffo ◽  
Aécio Busch ◽  
Fábio Steiner ◽  
Charline Zaratin Alves ◽  
Francisco de Alcântara Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Pulp Yield ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Volume Number ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Hancornia Speciosa

The economic and scientific interest in Hancornia speciosa Gomes (mangabeira) has increased in recent years, especially due to the commercialization of its fruits and the extraction of natural compounds with high pharmacological potential. This paper aims to determine and correlate the main physical and biometric characteristics of fruits and seeds of mangaba tree, as well as identifying the most appropriate substrate for the seedling emergence test. The following physical and biometric traits were measured in 100 fruits and 100 seeds: longitudinal diameter, transverse diameter, thickness, fresh mass, pulp fresh mass, volume, number of seeds. To identify the best substrate, a completely randomized design with two treatments (substrates) and ten replications of 20 seeds was used. The evaluated substrates were: sand and commercial substrate (Plantmax HT®). The shoot height, root length, stem diameter, total dry mass, and the relation between shoot height and stem diameter were evaluated at 50 days after sowing. Mangaba fruits and seeds showed great variations in their biometric traits, in addition to significant and positive correlation predominant in most characteristics. High fruit pulp yield can be optimized with the selection of plants with fruits show greater fresh mass due to the high degree of association between this characteristic and pulp yield. The use of the commercial substrate resulted in higher shoot height, greater number of leaves, and higher shoot height/stem diameter ratio.

scholarly journals Application of Taxonomic Classification in Soil Fertility Management Using Maize (Zea mays L.) as Test Crop in Alfisols of Makurdi, Benue State

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Jacob Usman ◽  
S. Idoga ◽  
O.J. Ogbu
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Soil Fertility Management ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Leaves

The Alfisols of Makurdi Local Government Area of Benue State was studied with the aim to characterize and classify the soils and determine the optimum fertilizer rate for maize production on the selected soil type of the study area. The soils were formed on Makurdi sand stone, deep (141 cm) and well drained. They were coarse-textured and moderately acidic in reaction (pH 6.6 – 7.0). They had low organic carbon contents ranging from 3.36 to 3.78 % and high base saturation of 58.6 % to 77.4 %. Based on the physical and chemical characteristics, the soils were classified as Eutric Ochrustalfs/Eutric Luvisols. In terms of growth parameters; plant height and number of leaves were not significantly different while leaf area, leaf area index and the stem diameter were significantly different. The highest (130.60 cm, 12.30 and 79.88 mm) plant height, number of leaves and stem diameter were observed at the rate of NPK 150:75:75 kg/ha of fertilizer. In terms of yield parameters, ear weight and grain yield were not statistically significant whereas, ear length and ear diameter were statistically significant. However, NPK 60:30:30 kg/ha showed the highest (178 g) ear weight while application of NPK 150:75:75 kg/ha gave the highest (2.82 kg) grain yield. Since there was no significant difference between the fertilizer rates, it could be concluded that the minimum application rate (NPK 60:30:30 kg/ha) should be used in cultivating maize in Alfisols of Makurdi instead of the highest or the blanket recommendation which involved higher cost.

scholarly journals Plant Growth Responses of Apple and Pear Trees to Doses of Glyphosate

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 815-822
Author(s):  
L.B. CARVALHO ◽  
S.O. DUKE ◽  
J.R. MESSA ◽  
F.R. COSTA ◽  
S. BIANCO
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Growth Behavior ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Pear Trees ◽  
Young Apple

ABSTRACT Glyphosate is commonly used for intra-row weed management in perennial plantations, where unintended crop exposure to this herbicide can cause growth reduction. The objective of this research was to analyze the initial plant growth behavior of young apple and pear plants exposed to glyphosate. Glyphosate was sprayed on 2-year-old 'Gala' apple and 'Abbè Fetel' pear plants at doses from 18 to 720 g per hectare of acid equivalent (a.e.). The plant height of neither species was not significantly reduced (less than 1%) by any glyphosate dose at 240 days after spraying, whereas the stem diameter and the dry mass of stem and leaves were reduced by 720 g a.e. ha-1. The glyphosate dose required to reduce the aboveground dry mass by 50% was 162 and 148 g a.e. ha-1 for apple and pear, respectively. Aboveground dry mass was reduced 2% and 6% for apple and pear plants, respectively, at 720 g a.e. ha-1. Hormesis was not observed in either species at doses down to 18 g a.e. ha-1. Both species showed low susceptibility to glyphosate; however apple was less susceptible than pear.

scholarly journals Ruellia simplex cuttings propagation produced on carnauba waste substrate

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taciella Fernandes Silva ◽  
Klayton Antonio Do Lago Lopes ◽  
Janaiane Ferreira Dos Santos ◽  
Ana Paula De Almeida Sousa ◽  
Francisca Gislene Albano-Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Shoot Number ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The production of quality seedlings is necessary for the trading of ornamental plants. Seedling quality depends on several factors, among these factors, the substrate is highlighted. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of substrates based on bagana of carnauba, in the production of Ruellia simplex seedlings, by vegetative propagation. A completely randomized design was adopted, with six treatments and four replications. The treatments (substrates) were composed of bagana of carnauba (BC) and soil, in the following proportions: BC0 - 0% BC + 100% of soil; BC20 - 20% BC + 80% of soil; BC40 - 40% BC + 60% of soil; BC60 - 60% BC + 40% of soil; BC80 - 80% BC + 20% of soil; BC100 - 100% BC + 0% of soil. The plot consisted of a plant. After 45 days of cutting, it was evaluated: number of shoots; number of leaves per shoot; diameter of the highest shoot; length of the highest shoot; root length; inflorescence number; number of flowers per inflorescence; leaf area; root volume; aerial part fresh mass; root system fresh mass; aerial part dry mass; and root system dry mass. There was a significant difference for the variables, number of leaves per shoot, diameter and length of the highest shoot, number of flowers per inflorescence, fresh and dry mass of the aerial part. Having a direct relationship between the increase in the proportion of bagana of carnauba volume and the inflorescence number, the substrate 100% of bagana of carnauba is indicated.

scholarly journals Biomass of Microalgae via Root Under the Production of Yellow Passionfruit Seedlings

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
George Alves Dias ◽  
Railene Hérica Carlos Rocha Araújo ◽  
Wellington Guedes Alves ◽  
Agda Malany Forte de Oliveira ◽  
Diogenes Damarsio Andrade de Sousa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
Shoot Mass

Seedlings production is one of the most important stages of the production system and directly influences the performance of the plant in the field. In this sense, the present work aims to evaluate the use of biomass doses of Spirulina platensis and Scenedesmus sp. via root system on the production of yellow passion fruit seedlings. A greenhouse experiment was carried out using a randomized block design in a 2 × 5 factorial scheme (Spirulina platensis and Scenedesmus sp., at the doses 0.0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.8 % and 1% m/v), with four blocks and two experimental units per plot. At 60 days, leaf number, total seedling length, shoot diameter, root system length, shoot length, shoot and root fresh mass, dry mass, root dry mass and total chlorophyll were measured. Spirulina platensis showed superior performance compared to Scenedesmus sp., for the variables stem diameter, shoot length, fresh shoot mass, fresh root mass, dry shoot mass and root dry mass. The doses influenced the number of leaves, root fresh mass, root dry mass, shoot length and fresh shoot mass significantly. The best dose of microalga applied was 0.8% in passion fruit seedlings at 60 days.

scholarly journals Effect of soil bulk density on forest tree seedlings

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Kormanek ◽  
Jacek Banach ◽  
Paweł Sowa
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Root System ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Tree Seedlings ◽  
Forest Nursery ◽  
Biometric Analysis

Abstract The paper presents the results of an analysis of the influence of soil bulk density in a forest nursery plot on the growth and quality parameters of Scots pine and European beech seedlings. Particular density variants were obtained using a tractor device exerting controlled pressure on the soil, while field examinations were performed on an area of ‘Kłaj’ forest nursery in Niepołomice Forest District. Three series of plots were prepared for each species, applying a unit pressure of the values of 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 kPa, corresponding to the dry bulk density in the range of 1.03-1.19 g cm-3, and control plots without the pressure. Seeds of the examined species were sown on the prepared plots, and after 6 months of growth the seedlings were subjected to biometric analysis determining differentiation in root neck diameter, length of the above-ground part and root system, as well as dry mass of particular parts of the plant. The quality of the seedlings was also determined using the method of Schmidt-Vogt. The results obtained show that the change in dry bulk density soil significantly affected most of the growth parameters of the examined seedlings. Especially high negative correlations were obtained for the length and dry mass of the root system. A significant influence of dry bulk density variant on all growth parameters of Scots pine seedlings, and on some parameters of European beech was demonstrated. An increase in soil bulk density clearly caused also a deterioration of European beech seedlings quality

scholarly journals Methods of Soil Management and Depths of Sowing in Corn Cultivation

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Wendel Kaian Oliveira Moreira ◽  
Fábio Daibes Borrajo ◽  
Samara Ketely Almeida de Souza ◽  
Geane Guedes Cardoso ◽  
Ana Laura da Silva Luz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Fresh Mass ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Soil Preparation ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the most cultivated grains in the world. It provides widely used products such as food, feed, raw materials for industry and ethanol, mainly due to the quantity and nature of its reserves accumulated in the grains. The objective of this research was to evaluate different depths of sowing and the use of different initial methods of soil preparation for growing corn. A randomized-complete blocks design was applied in a split plot with subsoiling, tillage, rotary hoe, ploughing, manual weeding and three sowing depths. Analysis of variance showed a significant difference (p < 0.01) of stem diameter (SD), plant height (PH), root fresh mass (RFM), root dry mass (RDM), aerial dry mass (ADM), aerial fresh mass (AFM), while number of leaves (NL) showed no differences statistically. Regarding to stem diameter, the methods with subsoiling, ploughing and rotating hoe showed the best results. In relation to plant height, the treatments of subsoiling, tillage, ploughing and rotating hoe had the best performances. The use of the subsoiling method showed the best results between the characteristics of the plant and corn yield. The corn yield presented better yields with the subsoiled and rotary hoe preparation.

scholarly journals The influence of seedling density in containers on morphological characteristics of European beech

2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-310
Author(s):  
Piotr Wrzesiński
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Seedling Density ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Below Ground

Abstract This study examines the influence on growth parameters, in particular the morphological features of the root system, of 1-year-old European beech seedlings cultivated in containers with two different densities. The experiment was conducted in the container nursery in Skierdy (Forest District of Jabłonna) in spring 2011. After 10 months of cultivation in Hiko polyethylene containers, above- and below-ground parts of the seedlings were measured. The measurements of the root system were conducted with a scanner and the WinRHIZO software. No influence due to the seedling density on either shoot height or thickness was observed, but instead the research showed that different seedling densities affected the development of root systems. The mean root thickness and dry mass of the European beech seedlings were significantly higher at the lower density. The influence of seedling density on the development of root mass deserves special attention as it is the most important factor affecting future growth of the seedlings during cultivation. This tendency also suggests that the amount of nutrients allocated to shoot development may be higher in order to improve the efficiency of photosynthesis. At both densities, differences in biomass accumulation affected the root-toshoot ratio. In seedlings cultivated at the lower density, the increased dry root matter of the seedlings resulted in a significant increase in the root-to-shoot ratio. This may cause a potential growth advantage of these seedlings after they are planted and may thus result in a more productive cultivation.

scholarly journals Initial Development of Clonal Seedlings of Coffea canephora Submitted to Different Irrigation Depth

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
André Lucas Reboli Pagoto ◽  
Vinicius De Souza Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Root System ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
Different Depths

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different irrigation depth on initial development of Coffea canephora seedlings. The study was carried out at the farm Perobas, in the municipality of Rio Bananal, Espírito Santo, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized, with five treatments, comprising different depths of irrigation, being: 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15 mm dia-1. At 55 days after planting the seedlings were evaluated for characteristics:stem diameter, plant height, dry mass of aerial part and dry mass of the root system. The stem diameter and dry mass of the root system presented an inverse behavior to the increase of the irrigation depth. The plant height and dry mass of aerial part presented an increasing effect in relation to the variation of the irrigation depth. The 5 mm dia-1 irrigation depth provides the best result for development in the initial stages of the root system of the seedlings, while the irrigation depth of 15 mm dia-1 favored a greater accumulation of dry mass of aerial part of the seedlings.

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