Accuracy of Estimations of Body-Frame Size as a Function of Sex and Actual Frame Size

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph F. Hearns ◽  
John P. Broida ◽  
William F. Gayton
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Body Frame ◽  
Ideal Weight ◽  
Frame Size ◽  
Fitness Program ◽  
Adult Fitness ◽  
Program Data ◽  
Community Adult ◽  
The Way

Body-frame size is an important factor in determining an optimal body weight for a given height. Previous studies have indicated that many individuals incorrectly estimate their body-frame size, and, as a result, incorrectly assess their ideal weight. The present study investigated the accuracy of estimation of body-frame size as a function of sex and actual frame size. The subjects were 66 men and 52 women participating in a community adult fitness program. Data indicated that medium-framed individuals were the most accurate in their estimations of body-frame size. Also, women were twice as likely to be accurate as were men. These results are interpreted to mean that most people assume they are medium-framed and that there is a sex difference in the way body-frame size is estimated.

Body weight versus body fat distribution, adiposity, and frame size as predictors of bone density.

1995 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 1118-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
H S Glauber ◽  
W M Vollmer ◽  
M C Nevitt ◽  
K E Ensrud ◽  
E S Orwoll
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
Frame Size

scholarly journals Phenotype variability and relations between basic parameters of morphological development in young Balkan donkeys

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
Vladan Djermanovic ◽  
Sreten Mitrovic ◽  
Ruzica Trailovic ◽  
Dragisa Trailovic ◽  
Sergej Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Selective Breeding ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Body Frame ◽  
Native Breed ◽  
Body Development ◽  
Basic Parameters

Balkan donkey is native breed of donkeys evolutively adapted to modest breeding conditions and different climatic systems including harsh and severe climate of Serbian mountains. Unfortunately, the purposes for breeding small donkeys have been lost during the 20th century so the population is regressing. There has been no selective breeding of the autochthonous donkeys in Serbia therefore the data on breed characteristics are recent and few. The monitoring of morphological characteristics of autochthonous Balkan donkey population in Serbia have been performed in aim to characterize the population and to define the importance of autochthonous donkeys as national genetic resource . The morphometric parameters evaluated i.e. height at withers (HWi) body length (BLe), thorax girth (TGi), cannon perimeter (CPe) and body weight (BW) in young Balkan donkeys bred in traditional conditions were used for establishment of the following body indexes: Index of Body Frame (IBF), Index of Body Compactness (BCI), Index of Conformation (CoI) and Dactyl-costal Index (DCI) reflecting body development and conformational relations in Balkan donkey population in Serbia.

Hypothermia in the Rat, Hamster, Ground Squirrel and Pigeon Following Chlorpromazine

1958 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Hoffman ◽  
M. X. Zarrow
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Dose Level ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Ground Squirrel ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Dose Levels

Body temperature changes induced by two dose levels of chlorpromazine HCl were compared in the rat, hamster, ground squirrel and pigeon. In addition, the effect of cold exposure was determined in the hamster. All three mammalian species showed a rapid decline in temperature by the first 2 hours following the injection of 10 mg/kg body weight of chlorpromazine, after which a gradual return toward normal was evident. However, a further decrease in body temperature occurred at the higher dose level of chlorpromazine (100 mg/kg body weight) and the degree of hypothermia varied with the species. The hamster appeared to be the most resistant to this compound while the ground squirrel was the least resistant. The female of the three mammalian species was less susceptible than the male. The combination of cold exposure and chlorpromazine in the hamster produced a decline in body temperature that was greater than that produced by either stressor alone. Again a sex difference was noted. The pigeon failed to respond to the drug in any degree comparable to that seen in the mammals. This was thought to be due to the lack of effect on respiration, an important thermoregulatory mechanism in the bird.

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE EXCRETION OF A FAT-MOBILIZING SUBSTANCE IN THE URINE OF RATS

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Beaton ◽  
A. J. Szlavko ◽  
J. A. F. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Factors Influencing

The effect of various factors on excretion of a lipid-mobilizing activity in FMS IA (anorexigenic) and in FMS IB (fat-mobilizing) by the fasting rat has been investigated. During fasting, the greatest excretion of such activity in FMS IA and FMS IB occurred in the first 24 hours and diminished thereafter up to 72 hours; and the specific activity of FMS IB was greatest in the first 24 hours whereas that of FMS IA was constant throughout. The hypothalamicobese rat excretes FMS IA and FMS IB in greater than normal amounts. The alloxan-diabetic rat excretes less total activity of FMS IA and IB than do control animals. Young male rats excrete greater amounts of FMS IB, but not of FMS IA, than do adult rats, the greatest excretion per 100 g body weight being observed at approximately 37 days of age. At 27 days of age (prepuberty), male rats excreted a greater total activity of FMS IB but not of FMS IA than did female rats. At 90 days of age (post-puberty), there was no apparent sex difference in the amount of total activity of FMS IB excreted per rat, but when expressed per 100 g body weight, females excreted more FMS IB than did males.

Effect of body weight and sex on activity of enzymes involved in amino acid metabolism

1959 ◽  
Vol 196 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund C. C. Lin ◽  
Richard S. Rivlin ◽  
W. Eugene Knox
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Utilization ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Total Body

The total body activities of four transaminases and two oxidases concerned with aromatic amino acid metabolism were studied in five species of mammals of varying size to test for correlations between total body enzyme activity and body weight. It was found that as a general rule the following expression was obeyed: enzyme x weight k = constant (the weight parity expression), where k varied numerically from –0.25 to –0.73 depending on the enzyme. The two oxidases had values which varied from –0.71 to –0.73 which are very close to the value –0.73 established for total oxygen utilization as a function of body weight. The use of the weight parity expression permitted the analysis within a given species of enzyme activities in animals with different body weights. Such an analysis proved useful in distinguishing an enzyme, tyrosine-α-ketoglutarate transaminase, whose level showed a true sex difference from others whose levels showed apparent sex differences which were actually referable to the smaller body weights of the females. Direct experimentation involving castration and hormone treatment substantiated this conclusion and identified testosterone as the important controlling factor. This sex difference was explicable by the known effects of adrenal cortical hormones on the level of this enzyme and by the reported differences in the rate of hepatic metabolism of adrenal cortical hormone in male and female animals.

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