Perception of an Aggressor and His Victim as a Function of Their Relationship and Retaliation

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 609-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh Kanekar ◽  
Deepa Mazumdar ◽  
Roshan M. Bulsara ◽  
Maharukh B. Kolsawalla
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factorial Design

Two experiments, using a simple incident of aggression described in a passage, were conducted to study the evaluation of an aggressor (Study II) and his victim (Study I) as a function of their relationship. Both studies used a 2 (subjects' sex) × 2 (aggressor superior to victim vs aggressor subordinate to victim) × 2 (retaliating vs nonretaliating victim) factorial design, with 20 college students per cell as subjects ( N = 320). The nonretaliating victim was rated more positively than the retaliating victim on all dimensions. The aggressor tended to be more favorably judged when the victim was a superior rather than a subordinate, although this was not true of all conditions or of all dimensions.

Laboratory Analogue of Field Helping Behavior

1974 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 557-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Lerner ◽  
Phyllis Frank
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
White Male ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Helping Behavior ◽  
Laboratory Analogue ◽  
White College

Within the context of a balanced factorial design, white college students (40 males, 40 females) individually viewed a videotape of a black or white, male or female, financially needy “cohort” performing an alphanumeric substitution task, and were instructed to award money for performance, which was identical in all conditions. Female Ss awarded more money than male Ss, but males were given as much money as females, and blacks were given as much as whites. Results were compared to field studies of the relation of race and sex to helping behavior.

Gaze during Speaking as Related to Shyness

1994 ◽  
Vol 78 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1259-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichi Iizuka
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Junior College ◽  
The Self ◽  
Junior College Students

32 shy and 32 nonshy women were selected from a population of Japanese junior college students on the basis of their responses to the Trait Shyness Scale. This study manipulated shyness (shy and nonshy), interviewers' gaze (high amount of gaze and low amount of gaze), and interviewers' sex in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design. Subjects were randomly assigned to eight groups and interviewed by one of two male or two female confederates. Two trained judges recorded duration of gaze and speech through a one-way mirror and watching videotaped records. Analysis showed that for the interviewer in the high gaze condition the self-reported shy women gazed less while speaking than the nonshy women.

scholarly journals A Study of Birth Order and Adjustment among College Students

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh D. Waghmare
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Social Emotional

In the present study the birth order and Adjustment among college students has been studied. Sample of the study has been chosen from medical and engineering college students of Jalna and Aurangabad District in Maharashtra. In each 30 first born students (15 Boys and 15 Girls students). 30 second born (15 Boys and 15 Girls students) and third born students (15 Boys and 15 Girls students) the scale was used for data collection Bell’s Adjustment Inventory by Lilit Sharma. 3×2 factorial design was used and data were Analysis by mean, SD and ANOVA. It has been found that there is no significance difference between first born, second born and third born students on Home, Social, Emotional and Health Adjustment.

Nonverbal Communication and the Judgment of Leadership

1976 ◽  
Vol 39 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1117-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. George Gitter ◽  
Harvey Black ◽  
John Walkley
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Nonverbal Communication ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Sensory Modality ◽  
Factor I ◽  
Main Effect

A 2×2×2 factorial design was used to investigate the effects of (a) nonverbal communication, (b) sensory modality of presentation, and (c) sex of subject on person perceptions. Analysis of variance using Factor I (“Leadership”) scores indicated a significant main effect for nonverbal communication for 55 college students.

Suicide and Attempted Suicide: Study of Perceived Sex Differences

1973 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marsha M. Linehan
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Suicide Attempted

The study investigated social evaluations of suicidal behavior as a function of sex. A 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design was used with the following factors: sex of S, sex of concept, suicidal behavior of concept (suicide, attempted suicide). 202 evening school college students rated the concepts on evaluative, potency, activity, and masculinity semantic differential scales. Results support the hypothesis that suicide is considered more masculine than attempted suicide and partially support the hypothesis that suicide is considered more potent than attempted suicide.

scholarly journals Depression among B.Ed college students

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh O. Prajapati
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
College Student ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Test Result

Aim of the research is to find out the depression among B.ed College students, So, investigator selected two groups one is male and other is female, both groups have 120 students. In each group has 60 male and other one groups has 60 female students. Data were collected from different collages of v.v.nagar city. Scale was use for data collection is personal datasheet and depression scale developed by A.T. Back (1967), 2×2 factorial design was used and data were analysis by ANOVA test. Result show, There is significant difference between the depression among male and female B.ed college student. There is significant difference between the depression among urban and rural B.ed college student. There is significant difference between the effect of interaction on depression among type of sex and type of area of B.ed college student.

Countercontrol in Hypnotic Control Groups

1976 ◽  
Vol 39 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1083-1089
Author(s):  
William W. Moyer
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Hypnotic Suggestions

The tendency of unhypnotized subjects to countercontrol or adjust their performance in opposition to the perceived hypothesis of the experimenter was studied in a 2 × 3 factorial design, with susceptibility as the first factor and amnesia, hypermnesia or control suggestions as the second factor. Relearning rates were measured for the 42 unhypnotized college students who served as subjects. Results showed that hypermnesic subjects adjusted their relearning rates in opposition to the suggestion given to them. Implications for the use of hypnotic suggestions with unhypnotized control groups were discussed.

scholarly journals The effects of contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance on social loafing behaviors

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-118
Author(s):  
Insub Choi ◽  
Kyehoon Lee ◽  
Shezeen Oah
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Social Loafing ◽  
Individual Work ◽  
Mixed Factorial Design ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Better Than

The main purpose of this study was to compare the effects of contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance on social loafing behaviors and perception of the distributive justice. Sixty-four college students were applied in an ABC/ACB counter-balancing mixed factorial design(A: the high contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance on individual performance, B: the high contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance on team performance, C: the low contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance on team performance), each participant attended 12 sessions in total. For this study, a brainstorming task was developed. The dependent variable was the sum of total idea frequency in the brainstorming task and the perception of the distributive justice. Analyses showed that each condition of contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance had effectiveness in team idea frequency and perceived distributive justice. Result indicated that teamwork was better than individual work on performance. Also, the result suggested that social loafing behaviors or perception of the distributive justice could be effected depend upon the extent to which how the contingent relationship magnitude between pay and performance on team performance.

scholarly journals Effects of reinforcement delay and rule explicitness on work performance

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 489-505
Author(s):  
Minji Kang ◽  
Kyehoon Lee ◽  
Shezeen Oah
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Delayed Reinforcement ◽  
Work Task ◽  
Reinforcement Condition ◽  
Reinforcement Delay ◽  
Implicit Rule ◽  
Explicit Rule

This study examined the effects of reinforcement delay and rule explicitness on performance. A 2 (immediate vs. delayed reinforcement) x 2 (explicit vs. implicit rule) factorial design was used. Eighty college students were recruited as participants and were randomly assigned to the four experimental groups. They performed a simulated work task and the dependent variable was the number of the work task correctly completed. Results indicated that in the delayed reinforcement condition, performance for the group who was given an explicit rule was higher than that for the group who was given an implicit rule. In the immediate reinforcement condition, however, performance for both groups was comparable.

Manifest Anxiety as Related to Perceived Similarity to Peers

1970 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-250
Author(s):  
William D. Ward ◽  
Charles R. Day
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Perceived Similarity ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Manifest Anxiety

80 college students were involved in testing the hypotheses that peer identification would be negatively associated with adjustment and that peer identification would be more important to the adjustment of the females than to the adjustment of the males. Perceived similarity to a peer (PSP) was measured with the Role Construct Repertory Test, and the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale was the adjustment index. A 2 × 2 factorial design, sex by PSP, with MAS scores as the dependent variable, was used. High PSP Ss differed significantly from low PSP Ss ( p < .001), and the main effect for sex and the sex by PSP interaction were not significant. Cell comparisons, however, suggested that the males were more responsible for the main effect than the females were. The first hypothesis was clearly supported, and the trend opposite to the second hypothesis was noted.

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