Self-Narcissism and Interpersonal Attraction to Narcissistic others

1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 547-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynne Carroll ◽  
Natalia Hoenigmann-Stovall ◽  
George I. Whitehead
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Attraction ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Target Person ◽  
First Impressions ◽  
Male Role ◽  
Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory ◽  
Female Target ◽  
Career Preferences

In the first of a two-part study, 172 participants completed a questionnaire on personality and career preferences. Items from the Narcissism Scale of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory were embedded in this questionnaire as well as a series of bogus items. In the second session conducted three weeks later, participants watched a videotaped dramatization of either a male or female enacting a narcissistic role and completed a modified version of the First Impressions Questionnaire and an item assessing mood. The narcissism scores of participants obtained during Part 1 were paired with their respective ratings of the target person on the modified-First Impressions Questionnaire and mood. Contrary to predictions participants' scores on narcissism did not affect their first impressions of persons enacting a narcissistic role. Participants who viewed the male role player rated him as less attractive than those who watched the female, while participants who watched the female target reported greater negative mood scores than those who watched the male target

THE EFFECTS OF GENDER AND DRINKING EXPERIENCE ON ALCOHOL EXPECTANCIES ABOUT SELF AND MALE VERSUS FEMALE OTHER

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. George ◽  
Mary P. McAfee
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Expectancies ◽  
Target Person ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Social Drinking ◽  
Alcohol Dose ◽  
Female Target ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Questionnaire Studies ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Female Subjects

Two questionnaire studies evaluated the effects of gender and drinking experience on dose-related alcohol expectancies. In Study 1, the Southwick et al. (1981) expectancy measure was administered to 173 students and no gender differences were found. Consistent with earlier work, increased drinking experience was associated with expectation of more stimulation and pleasure from a moderate alcohol dose. A moderate dose was associated with expectation of more stimulation, more pleasure, and less impairment than a high dose. In Study 2 (n = 174). the instrument was modified to assess alcohol expectancies about a male or female target person. Expectancies about alcohol's effect on the target were determined by both gender of subject and gender of target. Female subjects expected alcohol to produce more stimulation and pleasure for the target person than male subjects expected. The female target was viewed by all subjects as experiencing less stimulation. Male and female subjects disagreed in their perceptions of how much pleasure the female target derives from drinking. As with self expectancies, subjects perceived that alcohol has biphasic effects on others. Implications for social drinking interactions are discussed.

Effects of Men's Physical Attractiveness on Interpersonal Attraction

1984 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 935-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas T. Gallucci
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Interpersonal Attraction ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Target Person ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Undergraduate Men ◽  
Selection Of

This study provided an explanation of selections by others to meet based on composites of qualities imputed to the others. 60 undergraduate men made attraction-responses to male targets consensually identified as representative of five levels of attractiveness. Attraction responses were attributions of personality traits and the selection of a target person to meet. The attribution of socially desirable and egocentric qualities increased and the attribution of psychopathological qualities decreased with increasing attractiveness of the target. All targets except the most attractive were seen as indistinguishable in terms of kindness, and the most attractive were seen as less kind. While selections of target persons to meet increased with the increasing attractiveness of the targets, those of moderately high attractiveness were selected more often than were the most attractive targets. An aggregate of attributional favorability was shown to predict target selections. The results were explained in terms of a social-exchange theory of human relations.

scholarly journals The brightness dimension as a marker of gender across cultures and age

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (8) ◽  
pp. 2375-2384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Sebastián-Enesco ◽  
Gün R. Semin
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Target Person ◽  
Gender Category ◽  
Female Target ◽  
Cultural Communities ◽  
Male Skin ◽  
Adaptive Pattern

Abstract Universally, female skin color is lighter than male skin color, irrespective of geographical location. This difference is a distinctive and universal adaptive pattern that emerges after puberty. We address whether this sexual dimorphism is cognitively and culturally represented to ground gender. To this end, we examine a non-Western, non-industrialized population, namely the Wichí (Salta, Argentina) and a Western industrialized population (Spain). The two cultural populations included both adults and prepubescent children. Across two experiments, we utilized a novel task with children and adults who had to make a choice for a female (male) target person between two identical objects that differed only in terms of their brightness. The results in both experiments revealed that the children from the two cultural communities choose a lighter colored object for the female target and a darker version of the same object for the male target. This pattern held across cultures irrespective of the age of participants, except for the male Wichí participants. We discuss how sexual dimorphism in skin color contributes to a universal grounding of the gender category, and advance possible explanations as to why Wichi males did not consistently link gender and brightness.

Attitudes of Professional and Community Groups Toward Male and Female Suicide

1985 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy DeRose ◽  
Stewart Page
Keyword(s):  
Social Workers ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Target Person ◽  
Community Groups ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Professional Discipline ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
Female Suicide ◽  
Lay Persons ◽  
Female Target

Further to the work of Broverman et al. (1972) and others, this study explored whether different attitudes exist toward female as opposed to male suicidal behaviours, and, in turn, whether these conceptions would vary according to one's professional discipline. Psychologists (N = 38), social workers (N = 45), registered nurses (N = 43), and 42 lay persons completed the Suicide Opinion Questionnaire (Domino et al., 1982). Half of each group's questionnaires referred to a female target person, and half referred to a male. Judged seriousness of behaviour for males vs. females was significantly different on 22 items, and significant differences between professional groups appeared on 36 items. Some female suicide behaviours were perceived as less serious than were the same behaviors when performed by a male. Further analyses, and implications for theory and practice in the community, are outlined.

People Can Be too Perfect: Effects of Subjects' and Targets' Attractiveness on Interpersonal Attraction

1984 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas T. Gallucci ◽  
Robert G. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Interpersonal Attraction ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Target Person ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Psychological Disturbance ◽  
Very High ◽  
Selection Of

This study provided an explanation of selections of others to meet based on composites of qualities inputed to the others. Women, consensually identified as representative of one of three levels of attractiveness, made attraction responses to female targets consensually identified as representative of five levels of attractiveness. Attraction responses were attributions of personality traits and the selection of one target person to meet. Socially desirable attributions increased and the attribution of psychological disturbance decreased with targets' increasing attractiveness. The attribution of negative or egocentric qualities increased with targets' increasing attractiveness, except for targets of moderately high attractiveness, who were described as significantly less egocentric than targets of average and very high attractiveness. Targets of moderately high attractiveness were the overwhelming favorites for interaction. All results were uninfluenced by subjects' attractiveness. The results were discussed in terms of a social-exchange theory of human relations.

Reliabilität und Validität der deutschsprachigen Version der Generalized Expectancies for Negative Mood Regulation (NMR) Scale

Diagnostica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Backenstrass ◽  
Nils Pfeiffer ◽  
Thomas Schwarz ◽  
Salvatore J. Catanzaro ◽  
Jack Mearns
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Mood Regulation ◽  
Reliabilität Und Validität ◽  
Negative Mood Regulation ◽  
Generalized Expectancies

Zusammenfassung. Generalisierten Erwartungen über die Regulation negativer Stimmungen (im englischen Original: generalized expectancies for negative mood regulation; NMR) wird in Bezug auf die Affektregulation große Bedeutung beigemessen. Catanzaro und Mearns (1990) hatten zur Messung dieser Erwartungen einen Fragebogen mit 30 Items konstruiert (NMR Scale). An mehreren Stichproben konnten sie die psychometrische Güte der NMR Scale bestätigen. Die vorliegende Studie untersuchte mit einer Stichprobe von N = 474 Personen die Reliabilität und Validität der deutschen Form der NMR Scale. Die Gesamtskala wies ein Cronbachs Alpha von .84 und eine Retest-Reliabilität von .88 über ein Zeitintervall von 4 Wochen auf. Eine explorative Faktorenanalyse legte eine eindimensionale Struktur des Itempools nahe. Bedeutsame Zusammenhänge zum Geschlecht oder Alter der Probanden ergaben sich nicht. Die NMR Skala korrelierte signifikant mit Maßen des affektiven und insbesondere depressiven Befindens (PANAS und BDI), was im Einklang mit den theoretischen Annahmen stand. Weiterhin ergaben sich bedeutsame Zusammenhänge der NMR Skala mit locus-of-control Variablen (FKK) und den “Big Five“ (NEO-FFI). Die Ergebnisse replizierten somit die Resultate, die mit der Originalversion ermittelt worden waren, so dass auch bei der deutschen Adaptation der NMR Scale von einem reliablen und validen Instrument auszugehen ist.

Weekly Exercise Consistently Reinstates Positive Mood

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Steinberg ◽  
Briony R. Nicholls ◽  
Elizabeth A. Sykes ◽  
N. LeBoutillier ◽  
Nerina Ramlakhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exercise Class ◽  
Negative Feelings ◽  
Over Time

Mood improvement immediately after a single bout of exercise is well documented, but less is known about successive and longer term effects. In a “real-life” field investigation, four kinds of exercise class (Beginners, Advanced, Body Funk and Callanetics) met once a week for up to 7 weeks. Before and after each class the members assessed how they felt by completing a questionnaire listing equal numbers of “positive” and “negative” mood words. Subjects who had attended at least five times were included in the analysis, which led to groups consisting of 18, 20, 16, and 16 subjects, respectively. All four kinds of exercise significantly increased positive and decreased negative feelings, and this result was surprisingly consistent in successive weeks. However, exercise seemed to have a much greater effect on positive than on negative moods. The favorable moods induced by each class seemed to have worn off by the following week, to be reinstated by the class itself. In the Callanetics class, positive mood also improved significantly over time. The Callanetics class involved “slower,” more demanding exercises, not always done to music. The Callanetics and Advanced classes also showed significantly greater preexercise negative moods in the first three sessions. However, these differences disappeared following exercise. Possibly, these two groups had become more “tolerant” to the mood-enhancing effects of physical exercise; this may be in part have been due to “exercise addiction.”

Perception of Emotional Expressions in Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chit Yuen Yi ◽  
Matthew W. E. Murry ◽  
Amy L. Gentzler
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Emotion Perception ◽  
State Level ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Negative Emotionality ◽  
Basic Emotions ◽  
Perceived Intensity ◽  
Trait Level ◽  
Facial Expressions Of Emotion

Abstract. Past research suggests that transient mood influences the perception of facial expressions of emotion, but relatively little is known about how trait-level emotionality (i.e., temperament) may influence emotion perception or interact with mood in this process. Consequently, we extended earlier work by examining how temperamental dimensions of negative emotionality and extraversion were associated with the perception accuracy and perceived intensity of three basic emotions and how the trait-level temperamental effect interacted with state-level self-reported mood in a sample of 88 adults (27 men, 18–51 years of age). The results indicated that higher levels of negative mood were associated with higher perception accuracy of angry and sad facial expressions, and higher levels of perceived intensity of anger. For perceived intensity of sadness, negative mood was associated with lower levels of perceived intensity, whereas negative emotionality was associated with higher levels of perceived intensity of sadness. Overall, our findings added to the limited literature on adult temperament and emotion perception.

Investigating Personality and Psychopathology in Patients With Psoriasis

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Vari ◽  
Patrizia Velotti ◽  
Alessandro Crisi ◽  
Silvana Carlesimo ◽  
Antonio G. Richetta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychological Issues ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Affective Quality ◽  
Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Completion Test ◽  
Skin Conditions

Abstract. A broad range of literature reported higher rates of psychopathology and personality disorders among patients affected by skin conditions. Specifically, depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideations are more frequently reported by patients affected by skin diseases. This study aimed to examine psychopathology and personality in a group of patients affected by psoriasis by means of a self-report measure (Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory – MCMI-III) and a performance-based technique (Wartegg Drawing Completion Test [WDCT], CWS). Study results showed a higher rate of passive-aggressiveness and paranoia among psoriatic patients (MCMI-III). When assessing patients through the performance-based technique (WDCT, CWS), a higher rate of global rejection (GR) – linked by previous literature to suicidal ideation – and a lower affective quality of the drawings emerged. We discuss the clinical importance of detecting psychological issues in dermatology patients by means of a multimethod assessment that goes beyond patients’ self-evaluation of their symptoms and emotions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document