scholarly journals Chemical and Biogeochemical Features of Desert Soils of the Central Fergana

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
Avazbek Turdaliev ◽  
Gulom Yuldashev ◽  
Kamoliddin Askarov ◽  
Evgeny Abakumov
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Desert Soils ◽  
Parent Materials ◽  
Chloride Sulfate ◽  
Desert Zone

Abstract The Fergana valley is a region critically important for food safety in Central Asia. The human-altered soils in Fergana are considered a key component of the transboundary region between sub-boreal and sub-tropic climatic zones. As the results of the investigation of irrigated chloride-sulfate saline soils near the surface showed the deep petrocalcic and petrosalic horizons at various depths with extremely low water and air permeability. The chemical, pedogeochemical, and biogeochemical properties of soils, the content of macroelements, trace elements, lanthanides and radionuclides, and the general geochemical characteristics of desert zone soils were investigated and determined. The background contents of the mentioned elements were recognized. The irragic, salic, gleyic, and gypsic horizons in soils were identified by WRB 2015. They can be used as reference horizons for biogeochemical studies and soil management activities. The irragic, gleyic, carbonate-gypsum horizons, evaporation, oxygenic, and other geochemical barriers were studied and revealed. The processes of accumulation, migration, and differentiation of chemical elements in solum as well as in parent materials occur with the joint effects of exogenous, endopedogenic, and artificial factors. These fluxes of elements, in turn, are affected by the nature of soils and parent materials. In this process, unexplored elements form only scattering fluxes. During the vegetation season, as well as the leaching period, considering the various horizons features will help to save significant amounts of irrigation water.

DISTRIBUTION OF DISSOLVED CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN THE YENISEI RIVER ESTUARY AND ADJACENT WATER AREA OF THE KARA SEA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Savenko ◽  
Alla Savenko ◽  
Oleg Pokrovsky ◽  
Oleg Pokrovsky ◽  
Irina Streletskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Kara Sea ◽  
Yenisei River ◽  
Adjacent Water ◽  
The Yenisei River

The distribution of dissolved chemical elements (major ions, nutrients, and trace elements) in the Yenisei River estuary and adjacent water area in 2009 and 2010 are presented. These results were compared to the data obtained during previous hydrochemical studies of this region. The transport of major cations (Na, K, Mg, Ca) and some trace elements (Rb, Cs, Sr, B, F, As, Mo, U) in the estuary follows conservative mixing. Alkalinity also belongs to conservative components, however this parameter exhibits substantial spatial heterogeneity caused by complex hydrological structure of the Yenisei Bay and adjoining part of the Kara Sea formed under the influence of several sources of desalination and salty waters inflow. Concentrations of Pmin, Si, and V in the desalinized waters of photic layer decrease seaward owing to uptake by phytoplankton. The losses of these elements reach 30–57, 30, and 9% of their supply by river runoff, respectively. The content of dissolved phosphates and vanadium in the intermediate and near-bottom layers of the Yenisei River estuary strongly increases with salinity due to regeneration of precipitated organic matter, whereas silica remineralization is much less pronounced. Barium is characterized by additional input of dissolved forms in the mixing zone in the quantity comparable to that carried out by river runoff. This may be caused by its desorption from river suspended matter due to ion exchange. The transport of dissolved Al and Mn in the estuarine zone is probably controlled by the coagulation and flocculation of organic and organomineral colloids, which is indicated by a decrease in the concentration of these elements at the beginning of the estuary (31 and 56%, respectively) followed by a stable concentration further seaward.

scholarly journals New Technology of Cotton Sowing

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-303
Author(s):  
Kamaridin Urinovich Komilov, Aypara Djoldasova Kurbanova, Gafurjan Israilovich Muhamedov
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Crust Formation ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Technical Feasibility ◽  
Technological Quality ◽  
The Republic

The possibility of using bulk waste of the chemical industry - phosphogypsum as a useful resource is considered. The results of scientific research and practical experience convincingly proved the technical feasibility and feasibility of using phosphogypsum in the national economy instead of traditional types of natural raw materials. A brief description of phosphogypsum, promising areas for its processing, and some statistics are presented. The article is about the use of chemical ameliorant based on phosphogypsum for effective feedingin various soil and climatic zones for cereals, vegetables, industrial and other crops, to increase the yield of cotton and the technological quality of its fiber. That the use of phosphogypsum as a chemical ameliorant improves the chemical, physical and water-physical properties of saline soils. The article describes a new technology of cotton sowing in the conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The technology of soil treatment and methods of measuring for preventing crust formation are analyzed. The used mechanisms, units and are justified.

scholarly journals Relation among geochemical elements in soil and red chicory as a tool for geographical origin identification.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Marrocchino ◽  
Serena Di Sarcina ◽  
Carlo Ragazzi ◽  
Carmela Vaccaro
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Protected Designation Of Origin ◽  
Po Delta

<p>The identification of the geographical origin of food products is important for both consumers and producers to ensure quality and avoid label falsifications. Determination and authentication of the geographical origin of food products throughout scientific research have become recently relevant in investigations against frauds for consumer protection. Advances in methods and analytical techniques led to an increase in the application of fingerprinting analysis of foods for identification of geographical origin. Since in organic material the inorganic component is more stable than the organic one, several studies examined trace elements, suggesting the potential application for determination of geographical origin. Moreover, the studies on territoriality are based on the hypothesis that chemical elements detected in plants and in their products reflect those contained in the soil and, within these studies, the geographical features of the production area, such as the soil type and the climate, are considered relevant factors affecting the specific designation, so an accurate determination of geographical origin would be necessary to guarantee the quality and territoriality of the products.</p><p>In this light, two varieties of red chicory from the southern Po Delta area have been characterized together with the soil. The two inspected red chicory varieties (long-leaves and round-leaves) are cultivated in a well-defined area in the southern part of Po Delta, in an area sited around Massenzatica (Municipality of Mesola, Province of Ferrara, NE of Italy). Sampling was undertaken between October and December 2020 and samples were collected from a randomized field. Together with the red chicory also roots and soils have been collected in order to analyze each part and correlate the geochemical data obtained using ICP-MS and XRF techniques.</p><p>Purpose of this study is to establish a method to identify the geographical origin and the results confirm that some major and trace elements could be used as geochemical markers according to the geological areas. These elements, therefore, could be useful to establish geochemical fingerprints for testing the origin of this product and create a protected designation of origin label.</p>

A Comprehensive Review of Minerals, Trace Elements, and Heavy Metals in Saffron

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayyed Mohammad Ali Noori ◽  
Mohammad Hashemi ◽  
Sajjad Ghasemi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World

Abstract: Saffron is one of the most expensive spices in the world, and its popularity as a tasty food additive is spreading rapidly through many cultures and cuisines. Minerals and heavy metals are minor components found in saffron, which play a key role in the identification of the geographical origin, quality control, and food traceability, while they also affect human health. The chemical elements in saffron are measured using various analytical methods, such as techniques based on spectrometry or spectroscopy, including atomic emission spectrometry, atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The present study aimed to review the published articles about heavy metals and minerals in saffron across the world. To date, 64 chemical elements have been found in different types of saffron, which could be divided into three groups of macro-elements, trace elements, and heavy metals (trace elements with a lower gravity/greater than five times that of water and other inorganic sources). Furthermore, the chemical elements in the saffron samples of different countries have a wide range of concentrations. These differences may be affected by geographical condition such as physicochemical properties of the soil, weather and other environmental conditions like saffron cultivation and its genotype.

Comprehensive Assessment of Essential and Potentially Toxic Trace Elements in Bovine Milk and Their Feeds in Different Agro-climatic Zones of Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saranga Diyabalanage ◽  
Maheshika Darshani Kalpage ◽  
Dinithi Gayangi Mohotti ◽  
Champa Kumari Kularatne Dissanayake ◽  
Ruchika Fernando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Toxic Trace Elements ◽  
Potentially Toxic Trace Elements

scholarly journals Cataloguing of the Defects Existing in Aluminium Window Frames and Their Recurrence According to Pluvio-Climatic Zones

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7398
Author(s):  
Manuel J. Carretero-Ayuso ◽  
Carlos E. Rodríguez-Jiménez ◽  
David Bienvenido-Huertas ◽  
Juan Moyano
Keyword(s):  
External Environment ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Building Envelopes ◽  
External Agents ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Window Frames

The sustainability of building envelopes is affected by its windows, since these establish the connection/separation between the indoor rooms and the external environment. They can also lead to problems if they do not offer sufficient protection against external agents. The data source in this research is unprecedented, as it is based on records of court sentences. There is a significant number of cases (1615), which provides high representativeness for the functional reality of windows. The methodology that was developed classifies the defects and the causes that were found, also analysing correspondence with their recurrence according to aspects of climatological location. In the results, the cases pertaining to water infiltration, air permeability and humidity by condensation are highlighted. This study provides a vision that categorizes problems related to aluminium windows that may be useful for future interventions by agents participating in the construction process.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MAGNETIZATION AND TRACE ELEMENTS CONTENT OF BRAZILIAN SOILS FROM DIFFERENT PARENT MATERIALS.

Soil Science ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 165 (10) ◽  
pp. 825-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teogenes S. de Oliveira ◽  
Mauricio P. F. Fontes ◽  
Liovando M. da Costa ◽  
Adolf Heinrich Horn
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Parent Materials ◽  
Brazilian Soils

THE CHEMICAL AND MINERALOGICAL COMPOSITION OF SOIL PARENT MATERIALS IN NORTHEAST ALBERTA

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. SPIERS ◽  
M. J. DUDAS ◽  
L. W. TURCHENEK
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Oil Sands ◽  
Clay Mineralogy ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Mineral Species ◽  
Athabasca Oil Sands ◽  
Parent Materials ◽  
Minor And Trace Elements ◽  
Trace Element Levels

Seven major parent materials from the Athabasca oil sands area were investigated for detailed mineralogy and chemistry. The clay mineral species identified and quantified were mica, smectite, kaolinite, chlorite and vermiculite. The fine (50–250 μm) sand mineralogical suite was dominated by quartz, with lesser amounts of Na-, K-, and Ca-feldspars, and minor amounts of individual heavy mineral species. Electronoptical examination indicated that the feldspar grains in the parent materials have undergone extensive preglacial weathering. Regional mean levels of all analyzed elements (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Mn, P, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sr, V, and Zn), with the exception of Ca, are related to textural variability. The variability of Ca levels within the study area is related to the occurrence of calcareous parent materials. The highest levels of all major, minor, and trace elements were associated with either the Legend unit derived largely from Cretaceous bedrock or with the modern sediments of the Athabasca delta. Key words: Soil parent materials, clay mineralogy, trace element levels, sand mineralogy, feldspar morphology

Holocene Desert Soil Formation under Sodium Salt Influence in a Playa-Margin Environment

1980 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick F. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Desert Soil ◽  
Arid Climate ◽  
Alluvial Fans ◽  
Desert Soils ◽  
Sodium Salts ◽  
Parent Materials ◽  
Dust Fall

AbstractA visually prominent desert soil with a horizon of clay accumulation (Typic Natrargid) has formed under an arid climate in Panamint Valley, California, in sandy, very calcareous, saline fan alluvium in less than about 3500 yr, and probably less than 2000 yr. Such soils can be used as stratigraphic markers, but could be confused with other desert soils with clay-accumulation horizons (Haplargids) which occur much more commonly on desert alluvial fans, are mostly late Pleistocene or older, and do not form in parent materials that are still calcareous. This Natrargid formed in a playa-margin environment, where clay for translocation and sodium salts that engender rapid clay movement probably were provided by dust fall.

scholarly journals MONITORING OF SOILS CONTAMINATION OF SOME REGIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA WITH HEAVY METALS

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 275-283
Author(s):  
G. A. Hambaryan ◽  
A. V. Santrosyan ◽  
Yu. R. Ishkhanyan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentration ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Ecological Monitoring ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Background Concentration ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Paradoxical Situation ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentrations ◽  
The Republic

The paper is devoted to the problems of soils contamination of some regions of the Republic ofArmenia and a city of Yerevan with heavy metals. The results of analyses of the selected soil tests for the purpose ofdefinition of their contamination degree with heavy metals are listed. The statistical data on the background concentration of heavy metals in various soil-climatic zones of the Republic of Armenia, not influenced with appreciable anthropogenous impact is also given. The comparative analysis on presence of polluting chemical elements in soil is carried out for the approved norms of maximum permissible concentration and background indicators. The authors consider possible negative influences on environment as a result of soils contamination, in particular on biological activity of soil and processes of its self-cleaning. It’s noticed that maximum permissible concentrations are mainly developed only from hygienic positions which do not consider the variety ofsoils, in particular, their properties. As an example there are described the results of soils researches of some regions of the Republic of Armenia and there is noticed that a paradoxical situation arises when background contents toxic elements in soils exceed the established values of maximum permissible concentration. In the paper there is arisen the question on necessity of working out and introducing in practice ecological monitoring of the system of tentatively permissible quantity of chemical elements in soil, taking into account background concentration of heavy metals in various soil-climatic zones. Introduction of the specified system will allow reasonably and, what very important, reliably to estimate an ecological condition of soils and to define the influence of contamination on qualitative characteristics of soil as a result of anthropogenous influence.

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