scholarly journals Efficacy and economics of integrated weed management in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench)

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-206
Author(s):  
Olumide Samuel Daramola ◽  
Joseph Aremu Adigun ◽  
Olusegun Raphael Adeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Density And Biomass

AbstractWeed management is one of the most important and expensive steps in okra production. Field experiments were therefore conducted in the early and late wet seasons of 2015 to evaluate the effectiveness and profitability of weed management using hoe weeding, herbicides or their combination in okra production. Propaben or butachlor at 2.0 kg a.i. (active ingredient) ha–1 followed by (fb) supplementary hoe weeding (shw) at 6 weeks after sowing (WAS) significantly (P < 0.05) reduced weed density and biomass with subsequent increase in okra fruit yield similar to three hoe weedings and better than two hoe weedings or either herbicide applied alone in both early and late wet seasons. Although three hoe weedings provided the highest okra fruit yield (3590 and 4102 kg ha–1) and total revenue ($991.7 and $1699.7 ha–1), the gross margin ($186.4 and $931.6 ha–1) and cost-benefit ratio (0.2 and 1.2) obtained were lower than those obtained with herbicide treatments. Highest gross margin ($470.8 and $1224.9 ha–1) and cost-benefit ratio (1.2 and 3.0) in the early and late wet seasons, respectively, were achieved with propaben at 2.0 kg a.i ha–1 fb shw at 6 WAS. The results of this study suggest that integrated weed management with propaben followed by supplementary hoe weeding will improve weed control, productivity and profitability of okra. Multiple hoe weeding, however, did not guarantee highest profit but rather increased the cost of production.

scholarly journals Efficacy and economics of integrated weed management in groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Oludamilola ADEMABAYOJE ◽  
Joseph ADIGUN ◽  
Olusegun ADEYEMI ◽  
Olumide DARAMOLA ◽  
Godwin AJIBOYE
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Arachis Hypogea ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio

<p>Weed management is an important and expensive step in groundnut production. Field experiments were conducted in the early and late wet seasons of 2017 to evaluate the effectiveness and profitability of weed management using hoe weeding, herbicides or their combination in groundnut production. Butachlor and propaben at 2.0 kg a.i (active ingredient) ha<sup>-1 </sup>each followed by (fb) supplementary hoe-weeding (shw) at 6 weeks after sowing (WAS) significantly reduced weed cover and biomass with subsequent increase in groundnut pod yield similar to hoe-weeding treatments and better than either herbicide applied alone. The highest groundnut pod yield (1485.7 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>) and revenue ($1639.2) in the early season was obtained with three hoe weeding passes. However, in the late season, the highest groundnut pod yield (1146.3 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>) was obtained with propaben plus hoe-weeding and the highest revenue ($1264.8) obtained with butachlor plus hoe-weeding. Although three hoe-weedings gave the highest revenue in the early season, the gross margin and cost-benefit ratio obtained with hoe weeding treatments was lower than those of herbicides fb shw. This study showed that integrated weed management with butachlor or propaben and fb shw will improve weed control, productivity and profitability of groundnut production. Multiple hoe weeding, however, did not guarantee the highest profit but rather increased the cost of production.</p>

scholarly journals Management of Pod fly, Melanagromyza obtusa on Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sreekanth ◽  
M. Seshamahalakshmi ◽  
M. V. Ramana
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Grain Damage ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio

Background: Pod fly, Melanagromyza obtusa is one of the most obnoxious pest causing grain damage ranging from 10-80% with a monitory loss of US$ 256 million annually. Being an internal feeder, infested pods do not show any external symptoms of damage until the fully grown maggots chew the pod wall, leaving a thin papery membrane intact called as window, through which adults exit from the pod. Several field studies were conducted to determine the efficacy of insecticides for the control of pod fly. However, these findings did not find acceptability and led to partial success. Insecticides that should leave lesser residues and pose lesser environmental threat have become imperative. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of certain new insecticide molecules against pod fly in pigeonpea ecosystem. Methods: Two field experiments were conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Lam, Guntur during Kharif, 2012 and 2013 in a randomized block design (RBD) using pigeonpea cv. ICPL 85063 (Lakshmi) with 17 treatments including untreated control and 3 replications. Two sprays were given at 10 days interval starting from pod initiation stage. At maturity, number of pods showing pod fly damage were recorded and expressed as percentage. Grain yield was recorded and cost–benefit ratio was worked out. Result: Among different insecticides, thiacloprid 21.7 SC, followed by diafenthiuron 50 WP, flubendiamide 480 SC and dimethoate 30 EC were very effective against pod fly with more grain yield and registered highest incremental cost benefit ratio (ICBR). It was further suggested that effective insecticides may be alternated in order to avoid development of resistance to pod fly in pigeonpea.

Herbicide and Cover Crop Residue Integration forAmaranthusControl in Conservation Agriculture Cotton and Implications for Resistance Management

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Price ◽  
Kip S. Balkcom ◽  
Leah M. Duzy ◽  
Jessica A. Kelton
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Density And Biomass

Conservation agriculture (CA) practices are threatened by glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth. Integrated control practices including PRE herbicides and high-residue CA systems can decreaseAmaranthusemergence. Field experiments were conducted from autumn 2006 through crop harvest in 2009 at two sites in Alabama to evaluate the effect of integrated weed management practices onAmaranthuspopulation density and biomass, cotton yield, and economics in glyphosate-resistant cotton. Horizontal strips included four CA systems with three cereal rye cover crop seeding dates and a winter fallow (WF) CA system compared to a conventional tillage (CT) system. Additionally, vertical strips of four herbicide regimes consisted of: broadcast, banded, or no PRE applications ofS-metolachlor (1.12 kg ai ha−1) followed by (fb) glyphosate (1.12 kg ae ha−1) applied POST fb layby applications of diuron (1.12 kg ai ha−1) plus MSMA (2.24 kg ai ha−1) or the LAYBY application alone. Early-seasonAmaranthusdensity was reduced in high-residue CA in comparison to the CA WF systems in 2 of 3 yr.Amaranthusdensities in herbicide treatments that included a broadcast PRE application were lower at three of five sampling dates compared to banding early-season PRE applications; however, the differences were not significant during the late season and cotton yields were not affected by PRE placement. High-residue conservation tillage yields were 577 to 899 kg ha−1more than CT, except at one site in 1 yr when CT treatment yields were higher. CA utilizing high-residue cover crops increased net returns over CT by $100 ha−1or more 2 out of 3 yr at both locations. High-residue cover crop integration into a CA system reducedAmaranthusdensity and increased yield over WF systems; the inclusion of a broadcast PRE application can increase early-seasonAmaranthuscontrol and might provide additional control when glyphosate-resistantAmaranthuspopulations are present.

scholarly journals Assessment of Integrated Weed Management Approaches on Asphodelus tenuifolius in Chickpea

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. KHAN ◽  
M.I. KHAN ◽  
H. ULLAH ◽  
M. HAROON ◽  
B. GUL
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Biological Yield

ABSTRACT: Chickpea is the third most important crop of rainfed areas of Pakistan, and it is severely affected by noxious weed Asphodelus tenuifolius. Therefore, a field trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of different allelopathic weed extracts, herbicides and mulches in controlling A. tenuifolius and other associated weeds in chickpea at “District Karak” Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan. The experiment was carried out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and replicated thrice using a chickpea cultivar (Chattan) which was grown for the experimental trial. There were 9 treatments along with control for comparison. The treatments Stomp 330 EC (Pre-emergence) at 2.5 L ha-1, Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, Bromoxanil+MCPA (Tank mix), Starane-M, mulching (Eucalyptus leaves), mulching (Wheat straw mulch), allelopathic weed extract (A. tenuifolius) + Stomp, allelopathic weed extract (Cyperus rotundus), allelopathic weed extract (Sorghum halepense) and control treatment were used in this trial. Data were recorded on A. tenuifolius density m-2 before and after application of weed management practices (m-2), A.tenuifolius fresh weight (m-2), seed yield (kg.ha-1), biological yield (kg ha-1) and cost-benefit ratio. Weed density before weed management was found to be non-significant. The data showed that minimum A. tenuifolius density after weed management and fresh weight (m-2) were found for Stomp 330 EC (6.33 m-2 and 1.98 kg m-2), which is statistically similar to Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl 6.9 EC (10.33 m-2 and 3.03 kg m-2) while maximum A. tenuifolius density and fresh weight (m-2) were recorded for control plots (74.33 m-2 and 287.46 kg m-2). Maximum seed yield (1,781.7 kg ha-1), biological yield (3,823 kg ha-1) and cost-benefit ratio (3.47) were recorded for plots treated with Stomp 330 EC, while the lowest seed yield (851.7 kg ha-1), biological yield (3,126.3 kg ha-1) and cost-benefit ratio (1.53) were observed for the control plot. Among the nutritive parameters in chickpea, maximum crude protein (17.40%), crude fat content (4.90%) and oil content (5.98%) were recorded for plots treated with Stomp 330 EC, while minimum crude protein (16.18%), crude fat content (4.12%) and oil content (5.01%) were found in the control plots. Thus, it is recommended that herbicides Stomp 330 EC and Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl should be used at pre-emergence at their recommended doses for control of A.tenuifolius and other associated weeds in chickpea crops.

Calisthenics and bodyweight exercises: different concepts or scientific synonyms?

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Leury Max Da Silva Chaves ◽  
Gabriel Vinicius Santos ◽  
Cauê La Scala Teixeira ◽  
Marzo Edir Da Silva-Grigoletto
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Training Method ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
The 19Th Century

 Bodyweight exercises (also popularly known as calisthenics) is a classic training method and its practice has been widespread since the 19th century, but little evidenced in the scientific literature over the years. This type of training aims to promote multi-system adaptations using body weight as an overload with no or few implements [1–3]. This characteristic makes exercise with body weight easy to apply, in addition to having an excellent cost-benefit ratio when compared to other training possibilities that require machines or materials [4,5].

Alternaria and Cercospora Leaf Spot Diseases of Niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) – A Traditional Tribal Crop of South Gujarat, India, with Cost Benefit Ratio in Relation to Different Fungicides

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
P.B. Sandipan ◽  
P.K. Jagtap ◽  
M.C. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Guizotia Abyssinica ◽  
Cercospora Leaf Spot ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio

Abstract Niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) is an important minor oil seed crop grown in dry areas grown mostly by tribal and interior places as life line of tribal segment. Tribal people mainly use its oil for cooking purpose, above than that there were also other uses. Hence, the niger crop should be protected from the infection. The crop is affected by number of fungal diseases. Therefore, a field experiment was formulated for three years with the four replications at the Niger Research Station (NRS) at Navsari Agricultural University (NAU), Vanarasi, Navsari (Gujarat) on the foliar diseases of GN-1 variety of niger crop. In this experiment, six different fungicides along with one control have been evaluated to control the Alternaria and Cercospora leaf spot diseases, out of which all the fungicidal treatments were significantly superior over the control. Here, foliar spray on the incidence of diseases was compared with the control (without any treatment). All the fungicidal treatments were significantly superior over the control to reduce Alternaria and Cercospora leaf spot diseases of Niger crop. Treatment of Carbendazim + Mancozeb (0.2 %) with two sprays first from the initiation of the disease and second after the interval of 15 days recorded the lowest incidence of Alternaria (14.56) and Cercospora (14.94) leaf spot diseases of niger and recorded the highest seed yield 337 seed yield kg/ha along with the net return with cost benefit ratio graph.

Home Visitation Investment

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-169
Author(s):  
NORMAN J. SISSMAN
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Home Visits ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Home Visitation ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Health Care Resources ◽  
Detailed Consideration ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
The Cost

To the Editor.— Two recent reviews in Pediatrics1,2 provide much interesting information on the effect of home visits on the health of women and children. However, I was disappointed not to find in either article more than token reference to the cost of the programs reviewed. In this day of increasingly scarce health care resources, we no longer have the luxury of evaluating programs such as these without detailed consideration of their cost-benefit ratio.

Project management methods in solving problems of ensuring economic security in the research of Russian and foreign scientists

2021 ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
Anna Zatevakhina
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Information Search ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Logical System ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Project Approach ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio

In the article, the authors analyzed the literary sources of Russian and foreign authors engaged in research of project management methods in solving problems of ensuring economic security. The aim of the study is to consider the possibility of applying the project approach in managing economic security at the meso-level based on the analysis of scientific publications by Russian and foreign scientists on this topic. Research methods: information search, systematization, logical, system and content analysis. The authors identify 5 approaches to project management while ensuring economic security in modern Russian and foreign scientific research. In conclusion, it is concluded that it is necessary to introduce project risk management at the level of regional administrations with a positive cost-benefit ratio, that is, ensuring an acceptable level of economic security.

scholarly journals Ultrasound scan as a potential source of nosocomial and cross-infection: a literature review

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 319-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Hadyme Miyague ◽  
Fernando Marum Mauad ◽  
Wellington de Paula Martins ◽  
Augusto César Garcia Benedetti ◽  
Ana Elizabeth Gomes de Melo Tavares Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cross Infection ◽  
Ultrasound Scan ◽  
Benefit Ratio ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
The Cost

AbstractThe authors review the main concepts regarding the importance of cleaning/disinfection of ultrasonography probes, aiming a better comprehension by practitioners and thus enabling strategies to establish a safe practice without compromising the quality of the examination and the operator productivity. In the context of biosafety, it is imperative to assume that contact with blood or body fluids represents a potential source of infection. Thus, in order to implement cleaning/disinfection practice, it is necessary to understand the principles of infection control, to consider the cost/benefit ratio of the measures to be implemented, and most importantly, to comprehend that such measures will not only benefit the health professional and the patient, but the society as a whole.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document