scholarly journals Moral Organisation: Dream Or Reality

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
Andrea Hornyák

Abstract In the area of the financial services, the contracts are not between equal signatories to a treaty. On one side there is a professional financial institution while on the other side there is a client with lack of information and weak ability to enforce interest. The high school student age group is in a rather exposed situation because they have to make very serious financial decisions. As far as Hungary concerned, a negative social mood towards banks is accompanied by poor financial literacy, and therefore, financial institutions have a lot to do in order to gain confidence in the young generation. However, in the long term, a financial institution can only achieve market success if it can integrate moral viewpoints into its corporate policy.

Author(s):  
Martha Gertruida Van Niekerk ◽  
Nkgolodishe Hermit Phaladi

Digital financial services (DFSs), being financial services accessed and delivered through digital channels, have grown rapidly in South Africa as well as globally. The adoption of the technology for DFSs has led to an increase in financial inclusion, enabling more individuals and businesses to have access to useful and affordable financial products and services, where payments, savings, credit, investment and insurance are included. Through the Financial Sector Regulation Act 9 of 2017 financial inclusion was statutorily enacted for the first time. The regulators are now empowered to insist that financial institutions take proactive steps to expand financial inclusion and can take the necessary steps to enforce these powers. One of the factors that have an influence on whether consumers will adopt DFSs is consumers' perspectives of DFSs. Lack of information and knowledge combined with the cost of data negatively influences the adoption of DFSs. The transfer of information to unbanked people in South Africa with regards to DFSs should be enhanced by the state as it strives to improve financial literacy. DFSs are susceptible to financial crimes like fraud, money laundering, terrorist financing, bribery, corruption and market abuse. The challenges that threaten the interests of customers should be addressed by stricter information verification methods when transacting with clients online. Technological detectors and digital identification should be used more effectively to verify customers and to alert authorities to suspicious transactions. Financial institutions might consider authenticating online transactions by thumb-print or a voice recognition system. This paper emphasises that because of the prospects of greater and deeper financial inclusion in South Africa, the use of DFSs has to be improved and developed and the challenges have to be constructively addressed to unleash the true potential thereof.


2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-58
Author(s):  
Abdulazeem Abozaid

Since its inception a few decades ago, the industry of Islamic banking and finance has been regulating itself in terms of Sharia governance. Although some regulatory authorities from within the industry, such as Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) and Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB), the Islamic banking and finance industry remains to a great extent self-regulated. This is because none of the resolutions or the regulatory authorities' standards are binding on the Islamic financial institution except when the institution itself willingly chooses to bind itself by them. Few countries have enforced some Sharia-governance-related regulations on their Islamic banks. However, in most cases, these regulations do not go beyond the requirement to formulate some Sharia controlling bodies, which are practically left to the same operating banks. Furthermore, some of the few existing regulatory authorities' standards and resolutions are conflicted with other resolutions issued by Fiqh academies. The paper addresses those issues by highlighting the shortcomings and then proposing the necessary reforms to help reach effective Shariah governance that would protect the industry from within and help it achieve its goals. The paper concludes by proposing a Shariah governance model that should overcome the challenges addressed in the study.Pada awal berdiri, Lembaga Keuangan Syariah merupakan lembaga keuangan yang menerapkan Hukum Syariah secara mandiri dalam sistem operasionalnya. Ia tidak tunduk pada peraturan lembaga keuangan konvensional, sehingga dapat terus berkomiten dalam menerapkan Hukum Syariah secara benar. Selanjutnya, muncullah beberapa otoritas peraturan yang berasal dari pengembangan Lembaga Keuangan Syariah. Diantaranya adalah Islamic Financial Services Board (IFSB) dan Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI). Hal ini tidak menyimpang dari kerangka peraturan Hukum Syariah, sebab standar peraturan dan keputusan yang dikeluarkan ditujukan khusus untuk Lembaga Keuangan Syariah saja. Beberapa Negara telah menerapkan peraturan tata kelola Hukum Syariah pada Bank Syariah mereka. Namun dalam banyak kasus, peraturan yang diterapkan tidak mampu mengontrol Lembaga Keuangan Syariah tersebut secara penuh. Sehingga, secara praktis proses pengawasan diserahkan kepada lembaga keuangan yang beroperasi. Akan tetapi, beberapa standar dan keputusan yang dikeluarkan oleh sebagian pemangku kebijakan bertentangan dengan keputusan yang dikeluarkan oleh beberapa akademi Fiqh. Artikel ini ditulis untuk menyoroti permasalahan yang timbul pada tata kelola Lembaga Keuangan Syariah, khususnya kekurangan yang tampak pada sistem tata kelola. Kemudian, penulis akan mengajukan usulan tentang efektifitas tata kelola Lembaga Keuangan Syariah yang bebas dari permasalahan.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiko Kadoya ◽  
Mostafa Saidur Rahim Khan

Success in the current complex and sophisticated financial marketplaces depends on the ability of people to make sustainable financial decisions to improve their future well-being, for which financial literacy is a pathway. This study examines the relationship between the demographic and socio-economic factors and financial literacy in Japan by segregating financial literacy into financial knowledge, attitude, and behavior, and providing a deeper understanding of the relationships. The methodology included using data from the Financial Literacy Survey 2016 by the Central Council for Financial Services Information of Japan. We used a linear regression model to explain how demographic and socio-economic factors relate to financial knowledge, attitude, and behavior. Results show that education, the balance of financial assets, and the use of financial information are positively related, while the experience of financial trouble is negatively related to financial knowledge, attitude, and behavior. We show that males are more financially knowledgeable than females, but females are more positive than males with regard to financial behavior and financial attitude. Age is positively related to financial knowledge but negatively related to financial attitude, thus suggesting that middle-aged people in Japan are more financially knowledgeable, but younger and older people are more positive with regard to financial behavior and attitude. The findings have implications for policymakers.


Author(s):  
Т. А. Латковська

У статті розглядаються питання фінансової грамотності та фінансової освіти, які на сьогоднішній день є актуальними та необхідними. Доводиться, що недостатнє володіння основами фінансових знань і загальною інформацією громадян про свої права та обов'яз­ки викликає недовіру до фінансових установ, небажання використовувати їх як інстру­мент забезпечення збереження заощаджень та підвищення рівня добробуту. Робиться висновок про потребу системного захисту фінансових прав та законних інтересів широ­ких верств населення, створення умов для підвищення фінансової грамотності та фінан­сової освіти, створення механізмів досудового вирішення конфліктів між споживачами фінансових послуг та фінансовими інститутами.   The questions of financial literacy and financial education, being to date actual and necessary, are examined in the article. Proved, that the insufficient possessing bases of financial knowledge and general information of citizens about the rights and duties is caused mistrust to financial institutions, unwillingness to use them as an instrument of providing of maintenance of economies and increase of level of welfare. Drawn conclusion about the necessity of system protection of financial rights and legal interests of wide layers of population, in conditioning for the increase of financial literacy and financial education, in creation of mechanisms of pre-trial decision of conflicts between the consumers of financial services and financial institutes.


SENTRALISASI ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Yulianita Rahayu ◽  
Farah Latifah Nurfauziah

Penelitian ini memfokuskan pada pengetahuan keuangan dan perilaku menabung pada generasi Z di Kota Bandung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan keuangan generasi Z dan menghubungkan pengetahuan keuangan dengan serangkaian informasi terhadap perilaku menabung generasi Z. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada responden sebanyak 160 orang dan dianalisis melalui validitas, reliabilitas dan regresi linear sederhana.  Hasil penelitian in menunjukkan bahwa pengetahuan keuangan memiliki pengaruh tidak signifikan terhadap perilaku menabung, serta memiliki korelasi yang rendah antara pengetahuan keuangan dan perilaku menabung.In this globalization era, increasing financial literacy, saving awareness, and access to formal financial services are needed to be able to provide benefits for improving welfare and economic conditions. The well-literate young generation will have an influence in creating a more stable state economy. This research focuses on financial knowledge and saving behavior in Generation Z in Bandung. The aimed of this study is to determine the level of financial knowledge of generation Z and relate financial knowledge with a series of information on saving behavior of generation Z. This study used a questionnaire distributed to respondents of 160 people and analyzed through, validation, reliability, and simple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that financial knowledge has no significant effect on saving behavior, and has a low correlation between financial knowledge and saving behavior.


Author(s):  
Andrii Matkovskyi ◽  
Vitaliia Skryl ◽  
Ruslana Shtanko

Financial inclusion of the region is a means of making full use of the financial services industry's tools, which ultimately contributes to the long-term economic growth of the region, as it stimulates innovation, mobilizes savings and supports investment. The paper analyzes the current level of financial inclusion of the Poltava region. The study showed that the current level of financial inclusion of the Poltava region is low. Surveys of the respondents showed that there is a large disproportionate level of financial inclusion among urban and rural population. The rural population is limited in financial services. There is still a significant lack of confidence in financial institutions. All this slows down the processes of full involvement of the population in financial inclusion and creates a shadow sector. However, remediation is observed in urgent action by both the state and local authorities and financial institutions. Continuous information in the media and social networks in the future will be able to restore confidence in financial institutions and thus increase not only the level of financial inclusion, but also every inhabitant of the Poltava region.


Author(s):  
Elmira Lubkova ◽  
Galina Ermolaeva ◽  
Anna Shilova

The availability of online financial services is becoming increasingly relevant in the context of the digital economy. On the one hand, they are easily assessable and not time-consuming. On the other hand, there is insufficient financial literacy and incomplete Internet coverage of remote areas – the obstacles that have to be overcome. The research objective was to evaluate availability of online financial services in remote access. The study featured the relationship between consumers and financial institutions in the process of implementing financial services in remote access. It was based on empirical, monographic, and abstract-logical research methods. An analysis of empirical data showed that most respondents could choose remote banking services. Fewer respondents had access to online services of insurance companies and other financial institutions. Respondents complained about various problems in obtaining remote access to financial services. The authors believe that the research can help improve regional financial programs and encourage further studies of local financial availability by increasing financial literacy, full Internet coverage, and confidence in financial institutions.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1131-1139
Author(s):  
Rika Desiyanti ◽  
Aza Azlina Md Kassim

Financial literacy is the skill to conduct personal and also business finance. Financial literacy shows information and reasoned both for the economy and finance.  Financial literacy is able to apply and regulate financial literacy that affects wellbeing. In 2013, the financial services authority (OJK) has conducted a financial survey and the result indicated that only 21.8% of people understand finance and in 2016, the percentage has increased from about 8% to 29.66. Lacking strength of financial literacy gives low effect on financial decisions, including less saving,  opting for more leverage, and involved in unprofitable investments. This paper a particular goal to analyze the influence of parental motivation and experience on financial literacy. Research sample is SMEs' Owners in Sumatra, Indonesia, have been sent questionnaires.  Based on a sample of 60 respondents it can be concluded that parents' motivation affected their financial literacy. Nevertheless, financial experience by the parents does not affect financial literacy.


Author(s):  
Elizabeth L. Nanziri ◽  
Murray Leibbrandt

Background: Microeconomic theories of financial behaviour tend to assume that consumers possess financial skills necessary to undertake related financial decisions. Aim and setting: We investigated this assumption by exploring the distribution of financial literacy among South Africans. Method: In the absence of a standard measure, a financial literacy index was constructed for the country using data collected on attitudes (towards), access to and use of financial services over the period 2005–2009. In a multivariate regression analysis, we used the index to examine the extent to which differences in financial literacy correlate with demographic and economic characteristics. Results: The index revealed substantial variation in financial literacy by age, education, province and race. Overall, demographic characteristics contributed up to 10% of the financial literacy differences among individuals in South Africa. Conclusion: These results can be used to guide policy makers where to place more emphasis in terms of financial education for South Africans.


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Bożena Frączek

The development of financial markets and the low level of financial literacy does not facilitate consumer protection. A significant problem is the lack of information or unclear information regarding financial offers, including consumer credit. Financial protection for consumers can be increased by using systems that support consumers faced with a lack of transparency of consumer credit offers. The theoretical objective of the research is to identify the completeness of information allowing for verifying the annual percentage rate (APR) in the consumer credit offers presented and compared on websites of financial intermediaries and banks as well as the identify of APR calculation methods. After analysis of different credit offers (document analysis), a prototype of the system regarding credit costs measured at the appropriate interest rates (APR and AER) calculated in the correct manner was created. This may facilitate practices for informing consumers about the characteristics of consumer credit and at the same time support the implementation of the concept of responsible lending. The system developed uses a computer to simulate human thinking and to augment it with artificial intelligence. It facilitates the elimination the behavioral biases during the taking of financial decisions, which are the result of a low level of financial literacy.


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