scholarly journals Technological Innovation in the Aspect of Safety in the Process of Heat Supply

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 412-418
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Wrzalik ◽  
Matevž Obrecht
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
District Heating ◽  
High Energy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Network Operation ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn recent years heating in Poland has been transformed as a result of the priorities of the country's energy policy implemented within the European Union. The increase in energy security, the development of renewable energy sources and the fulfilment of legal and environmental requirements are very important. Exploitation of district heating systems should ensure reliable and safe heat supplies for industrial and municipal customers with high energy efficiency and reduction of environmental impact. The article discusses the conditions and directions of centralized heating systems development as well as technical and economic issues, which are important for the security of heat supply. The Author describes selected technological innovations used in the technical infrastructure for heat transfer and modern IT systems which are improving the management of heating systems. The article includes the results of simulation research with use of IT tools showing the impact of selected innovations on the improvement of network operation conditions. Directions of modernization of heating systems in the aspect of increasing energy efficiency and security of heat supply have also been indicted here.

scholarly journals Overall Efficiency of On-Site Production and Storage of Solar Thermal Energy

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1360
Author(s):  
Teodora M. Șoimoșan ◽  
Ligia M. Moga ◽  
Livia Anastasiu ◽  
Daniela L. Manea ◽  
Aurica Căzilă ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Multicriteria Analysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Storage

Harnessing renewable energy sources (RES) using hybrid systems for buildings is almost a deontological obligation for engineers and researchers in the energy field, and increasing the percentage of renewables within the energy mix represents an important target. In crowded urban areas, on-site energy production and storage from renewables can be a real challenge from a technical point of view. The main objectives of this paper are quantification of the impact of the consumer’s profile on overall energy efficiency for on-site storage and final use of solar thermal energy, as well as developing a multicriteria assessment in order to provide a methodology for selection in prioritizing investments. Buildings with various consumption profiles lead to achieving different values of performance indicators in similar configurations of storage and energy supply. In this regard, an analysis of the consumption profile’s impact on overall energy efficiency, achieved in the case of on-site generation and storage of solar thermal energy, was performed. The obtained results validate the following conclusion: On-site integration of solar systems allowed the consumers to use RES at the desired coverage rates, while restricted by on-site available mounting areas for solar fields and thermal storage, under conditions of high energy efficiencies. In order to segregate the results and support optimal selection, a multicriteria analysis was carried out, having as the main criteria the energy efficiency indicators achieved by hybrid heating systems.

scholarly journals Corporate Social Responsibility of Heating Companies in Poland in the Context of Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 329-336
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Wrzalik
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
High Energy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Energy Poverty ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
High Energy Efficiency ◽  
Corporate Social

Abstract In the coming years, the heating sector in Poland will undergo further changes as a result of the implementation of the country’s energy policy within the European Union. Its main goals are: increasing energy efficiency, development of renewable energy sources and meeting legal and environmental requirements. Their implementation should take into account the observance of CSR principles in order to ensure a stable supply of heat to industrial and municipal consumers with high energy efficiency and limitation of the environmental impact. The article presents the conditions for the operation of the heating industry in Poland and CSR issues in heating companies. Particular attention was paid to the issue of energy poverty and its reduction. The application of social responsibility practices in heating industry on the basis of activities of selected enterprises in this sector was presented. The importance of social responsibility of heating companies in the implementation of a just energy transition in Poland was also indicated.

scholarly journals Improving the efficiency of heat release regulation in centralized heat supply systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-97
Author(s):  
O Shelimanova ◽  
◽  
A. Kolienko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
District Heating Systems ◽  
Heat Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Systems

Ensuring optimal hydraulic and thermal regimes in district heating systems (DHS) in the regulation of heat supply is an important factor in improving the energy and economic efficiency of DHS. In addition, high efficiency of the HS system is a factor that can ensure the preservation of its vital functions. Solving the problem of increasing the energy efficiency of the heat supply system is a complex problem that requires changes at all stages of heat transformation: in the energy source, heating networks and subscriber heating systems of heat consumers. The purpose of this study is to identify the impact of heat dissipation control processes in district heating systems on their energy and economic efficiency, provide recommendations for improving control processes taking into account modern challenges and regulatory requirements, analyze heat dissipation temperature schedules and select the optimal temperature schedule. It is shown that the optimal is the combined quantitative and qualitative regulation of heat release, which should be carried out both at the energy source and at consumers. The paper considers the possibility of using combined control systems in the existing district heating systems of Ukrainian cities. It is shown that the achievement of high energy efficiency is possible only with the introduction of automatic individual heating points with weather control and pressure drop regulators at the inlet to the buildings in the subscriber heating systems. Calculations of the amount of heat consumption reduction of centralized heat supply systems with the introduction of optimal control systems are performed.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF WAYS FOR DECARBONIZATION OF THE EU HEATING SECTOR (REVIEW)

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
T.A. Zheliezna ◽  
A.I. Bashtovyi
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
The Eu

The aim of the work is to analyze possible ways of decarbonization of the EU heat supply sector. The task of the work is to identify the most promising areas and develop appropriate recommendations for Ukraine. The heat supply sector of the EU and Ukraine needs decarbonization, for which there is a big potential and different areas of implementation of relevant measures. In Europe, such a strategy is set out in the Roadmap for decarbonization of the EU heating sector until 2050, the main provisions of which are in line with objectives of the European Green Deal and the EU Strategy on Heating and Cooling. European experts have developed the concept of a smart energy system, which was taken into account when preparing the Roadmap for decarbonization of the EU heating sector until 2050. A number of carried out studies have shown that a smart energy system with 50% district heating integrated with other parts of the overall energy system is more efficient than a conventional energy system or the one based on decentralized heat supply, in terms of the possibility of using a high share of renewable energy. It is recommended for Ukraine to finalize the Concept of green energy transition until 2050, taking into account European approaches to the development of heating systems and the use of modern biofuels. It is also recommended to expand the current Concept of heat supply of Ukraine to the level of a strategy with an emphasis on the development of district heating systems, wide involvement of renewable energy sources and new technologies.

scholarly journals ФІНАНСУВАННЯ ВІТЧИЗНЯНОЇ ГАЛУЗІ ТЕПЛОПОСТАЧАННЯ ШЛЯХОМ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ПРОЄКТІВ ЕНЕРГОЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ В УМОВАХ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЇ

2019 ◽  
pp. 451-460
Author(s):  
Maryna Zholobetska
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Supply Industry ◽  
The Government ◽  
Number Of Parties

Within the article, scientific material on the topic under study is generalized, the idea that at the present stage there is an urgent need to reform the heat supply industry, unsatisfactory financial state of enterprises should be corrected, and measures on energy efficiency and its financing have to be introduced is substantiated. A number of key features of the basic models of the centralized heating market in the European Union is submitted, among which are the following: a single buyer model and an open grid model. Basic legal, economic and organizational principles of the activity of heat supply facilities in Ukraine are studied. Mechanisms for directing funds to energy efficiency have been established, differing in the source of funds and the number of parties involved in the process of allocating funds by the creditor before using them. The main projects financed by IMF are as follows: “Energy Efficiency Fund” (in the draft of the Government);“Municipal Infrastructure Development of Ukraine” - EIB (Loan Unbound) (KfW);”Energy Efficiency” (NEFCO); “Ukrsimbank and IBRD Project, IQ Energy” (EBRD, ESP, other); Demo-Ukraine (NEFCO), Environmental Friendly Net Production (NEFCO) and EBRD loans; Government program “Warm” loans”; preferential lending from the Youth Building Fund; direct bank lending. It is proved that the current methodology for the development of heat supply schemes needs refinement in order to provide local self-government bodies with a full and effective tool for long-term planning of the district heating supply.

Adapting the Existing District Heating Systems to Dynamic Operating Conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 809-810 ◽  
pp. 688-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Răzvan Corneliu Lefter ◽  
Daniela Popescu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
District Heating Systems ◽  
Dynamic Operating ◽  
Heating Networks

District heating systems operating under dynamic conditions without proper hydronic balancing is one of the causes of discomfort for heating consumers. Moreover, from the point of view of producers, unbalanced heating networks generate low energy efficiency. The study analyzes the operation conditions in three cases, on the same network: the first simulates the operating conditions of the network without balancing, the second when just balancing valves set to corresponding nominal flow rate values are used and the third when balancing valves and differential pressure controllers are used, the so-called total balancing method. Results highlight the importance of the hydraulic balancing under steady state and dynamic operating conditions, as a source to increase the energy efficiency and assure thermal comfort by better distribution of fluid flow rates between consumers.

scholarly journals Improving energy efficiency and building a low-emission economy based on example of Lesser Poland Voivodeship

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-218
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Komorowska ◽  
Tomasz Mirowski
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Third ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Energy Economy ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Improving energy efficiency and building a low-emission economy are fundamental elements of sustainable development. The concept is based on a rational-energy economy and is aimed at limiting the negative consequence of the impact of energy on the environment. The main purpose of the paper is to assess the application of activities for both improving energy efficiency and building a low-emission economy, undertaken in Małopolska . Thermomodernization, installations of renewable energy sources, replacement of inefficient heating sources, and low-emission transport are among the cofinanced activities in the implemented programs. The first section of this paper discusses existing legal acts in the European Union, at the national and provincial levels, related to the analyzed issue. The second section contains description of the actions undertaken for improving energy efficiency and air quality, as well as for increasing the use of renewable energy sources, in Małopolska. The third section includes a qualitative assessment of the effects obtained and further directions for activities in this field.

scholarly journals Degradation Investigation of Electrocatalyst in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell at a High Energy Efficiency

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3932
Author(s):  
Jie Song ◽  
Qing Ye ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
Zhiyuan Guo ◽  
Meiling Dou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Pt Catalyst ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Exchange Membrane

The development of high efficient stacks is critical for the wide spread application of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) in transportation and stationary power plant. Currently, the favorable operation conditions of PEMFCs are with single cell voltage between 0.65 and 0.7 V, corresponding to energy efficiency lower than 57%. For the long term, PEMFCs need to be operated at higher voltage to increase the energy efficiency and thus promote the fuel economy for transportation and stationary applications. Herein, PEMFC single cell was investigated to demonstrate its capability to working with voltage and energy efficiency higher than 0.8 V and 65%, respectively. It was demonstrated that the PEMFC encountered a significant performance degradation after the 64 h operation. The cell voltage declined by more than 13% at the current density of 1000 mA cm−2, due to the electrode de-activation. The high operation potential of the cathode leads to the corrosion of carbon support and then causes the detachment of Pt nanoparticles, resulting in significant Pt agglomeration. The catalytic surface area of cathode Pt is thus reduced for oxygen reduction and the cell performance decreased. Therefore, electrochemically stable Pt catalyst is highly desirable for efficient PEMFCs operated under cell voltage higher than 0.8 V.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sustainable Energy Development Progress in EU Member States in the Context of Building Renovation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4209
Author(s):  
Rita Remeikienė ◽  
Ligita Gasparėnienė ◽  
Aleksandra Fedajev ◽  
Marek Szarucki ◽  
Marija Đekić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Investment Efficiency ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Eu

The main goal of setting energy efficiency priorities is to find ways to reduce energy consumption without harming consumers and the environment. The renovation of buildings can be considered one of the main aspects of energy efficiency in the European Union (EU). In the EU, only 5% of the renovation projects have been able to yield energy-saving at the deep renovation level. No other study has thus far ranked the EU member states according to achieved results in terms of increased usage in renewable sources, a decrease in energy usage and import, and reduction in harmful gas emissions due to energy usage. The main purpose of this article is to perform a comparative analysis of EU economies according to selected indicators related to the usage of renewable resources, energy efficiency, and emissions of harmful gasses as a result of energy usage. The methodological contribution of our study is related to developing a complex and robust research method for investment efficiency assessment allowing the study of three groups of indicators related to the usage of renewable energy sources, energy efficiency, and ecological aspects of energy. It was based on the PROMETHEE II method and allows testing it in other time periods, as well as modifying it for research purposes. The EU member states were categorized by such criteria as energy from renewables and biofuels, final energy consumption from renewables and biofuels, gross electricity generation from renewables and biofuels and import dependency, and usage of renewables and biofuels for heating and cooling. The results of energy per unit of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Greenhouse gasses (GHG) emissions per million inhabitants (ECO2), energy per capita, the share of CO2 emissions from public electricity, and heat production from total CO2 emissions revealed that Latvia, Sweden, Portugal, Croatia, Austria, Lithuania, Romania, Denmark, and Finland are the nine most advanced countries in the area under consideration. In the group of the most advanced countries, energy consumption from renewables and biofuels is higher than the EU average.

scholarly journals A review of challenges and benefits of integration of CHP plant into the grid: a case study in Serbia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rade M. Ciric ◽  
Sasa N. Mandic
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Increase Energy Efficiency ◽  
High Voltage Supply ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe Republic of Serbia must make significant efforts to promote and exploit renewable energy sources and increase energy efficiency in all energy sectors to ensure energy security and economic competitiveness, reduce the negative impact on the environment from energy production and use, and contribute to global efforts to reduce greenhouse gases. Within the paper several issues of integration of recently realized CHP plant are introduced and discussed. Firstly, the legal and energy policy issues in the Republic of Serbia regarding connecting CHP to the grid are presented. The challenges and technical solutions for CHP connection to the grid, as well as power quality issues and the role of the CHP plant during the restoration of power supply during the maintenance of the substation and unplanned loss of high voltage supply, are presented and discussed. Finally, the impact of prospective massive integration of CHP on the energy balance and CO2 emission reduction in the province of Vojvodina in Serbia is investigated and discussed. Since it is the first CHP plant realized in Serbia, it is crucial that experience be shared to all potential stakeholders in the future energy efficiency projects.

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