scholarly journals Fungal elimination of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) from the soils

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lali Kutateladze ◽  
Nino Zakariashvili ◽  
Izolda Khokhashvili ◽  
Maya Jobava ◽  
Tinatin Alexidze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Red Soil ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Radioactive Label ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
The Military

Abstract The analysis of microscopic fungi collection created at theDurmishidze Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology revealed 107 strains assimilating 2,4,6-TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) belonging to the different fungal genera. The strains have been isolated from the polluted areas adjacent to the military grounds and industrial waste waters. It has been shown TNT is degraded most actively by strains belonging to the following genera: Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Mucor and Trichoderma. Optimal cultivation conditions for highly active strains -the destructors of TNT have been revealed. It has been established that the carbon skeleton of TNT being utilized by the mentioned strains undergoes biotransformation. The existence of radioactive intermediates of biotransformation, organic acids (70-90%) and amino acids (10-30%) have been detected in liquid culture. Radioactive label of 1-14C-TNT is mostly found in fumaric acid, which is known as one of the main products of benzene biotransformation and further conversion into succinic acid. Remediation level of TNT-contaminated red and black soils treated by the most active strains Aspergillus nigerN2-2 and Mucor sp. T1-1 have been studied under laboratory and field conditions. Cultivation of the above mentioned strains under laboratory conditions in sterile, black and red soils for 30 days at 30°C allowed decreasing the content of TNT in black soil to the residual, and in red soil - to 15%; cultivation of Aspergillus niger N2-2 decreased the amount of TNT in black soil to 11 and in red soil - to 21%. Under field conditions, TNT degradation level in contaminated soils by naturally existing micro flora during 100 days was equal to 40-50%, and in the case of additional introduction of both fungal strains, TNT-destructors reached 80%.

scholarly journals A Soluble Humic Substance for the Simultaneous Removal of Cadmium and Arsenic from Contaminated Soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 4999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxue Bi ◽  
Guodong Yuan ◽  
Jing Wei ◽  
Liang Xiao ◽  
Lirong Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Critical Micelle Concentration ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Humic Substance ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Red Soil ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
Spectroscopic Characteristics

With abundant oxygen-containing functional groups, a humic substance (HS) has a high potential to remediate soils contaminated by heavy metals. Here, HS was first extracted from a leonardite and analyzed for its chemical compositions and spectroscopic characteristics. Then it was assessed for its ability as a washing agent to remove Cd and As from three types of soils (red soil, black soil, and fluvo-aquic soil) that were spiked with those contaminants (Cd: 40.5–49.1 mg/kg; As: 451–584 mg/kg). The operational washing conditions, including the pH and concentration of the HS, washing time and cycles, and liquid–soil ratio, were assessed for Cd and As removal efficiency. At pH 7, with an HS concentration (3672 mg C/L) higher than its critical micelle concentration and a liquid–soil ratio of 30, a single washing for 6–12 h removed 41.9 mg Cd/kg and 199.3 mg As/kg from red soil, 33.5 mg Cd/kg and 291.5 mg As/kg from black soil, and 30.4 mg Cd/kg and 325.5 mg As/kg from fluvo-aquic soil. The removal of Cd and As from the contaminated soils involved the complexation of Cd and As with the carboxyl and phenolic groups of HS. Outcomes from this research could be used to develop a tailor-made HS washing agent for the remediation of Cd- and As-contaminated soils with different properties.

Adsorptive uptake Th(IV) by red soil and black soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 322 (2) ◽  
pp. 1085-1096
Author(s):  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Wenting Yu ◽  
Zhifen Wang ◽  
Mingbiao Luo ◽  
Shujuan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Soil ◽  
Red Soil

Optimization of the fermentation of olive mill waste-waters by Aspergillus niger

1991 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moktar Hamdi ◽  
Habib BouHamed ◽  
Radhouane Ellouz
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Olive Mill Waste ◽  
Mill Waste ◽  
Olive Mill

scholarly journals Age, Race, and At-Risk Drinking in an HIV-infected U.S. Military Cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (5-6) ◽  
pp. e263-e267
Author(s):  
Morgan Byrne ◽  
Robert Deiss ◽  
Octavio Mesner ◽  
Margaret Glancey ◽  
Anuradha Ganesan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Caucasian Race ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
High Risk Drinking ◽  
The Military ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Introduction There is a high prevalence of at-risk drinking in the U.S. military. Among HIV-infected individuals, alcohol abuse confers additional risk for adverse health outcomes. In the military, however, the characteristics of HIV-infected individuals who engage in high-risk drinking are not well defined. The purpose of this study was to assess risk factors associated with at-risk drinking in an HIV-positive longitudinal cohort of DoD beneficiaries. Materials and Methods Annual prevalence of at-risk drinking was calculated for members of the U.S. Military HIV Natural History Study who initiated highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) during or after January 2006 through May 2014; each participant completed at least one self-reported alcohol survey within a year of HAART initiation. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze factors associated with at-risk drinking. Results Sixty-six percent of subjects (495/752) reported at-risk drinking on at least one survey after HAART initiation. At-risk drinkers were more likely to be Active Duty compared to Retired (OR 0.65 95% CI [0.46, 0.92]). In multivariate models, Caucasian race (OR 3.30 95% CI [2.31, 4.71]); Hispanic/other race (OR 2.17 95% CI [1.51, 3.14]) and younger age (OR 0.61 per 10 years older, [95%CI 0.49, 0.75]) were significantly associated with at-risk drinking. Single relationship status (OR 1.51 95% CI [1.08, 2.13]) was also associated with at-risk drinking. Conclusions Consistent with general alcohol consumption patterns in the military, we found a high prevalence of at-risk drinking among individuals with HIV infection, which was associated most closely with young, non-African Americans. Targeting interventions toward this group will be important to reduce at-risk drinking and its potential for HIV-related complications.

Production of tannase by Aspergillus niger HA37 growing on tannic acid and Olive Mill Waste Waters

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Aissam ◽  
F. Errachidi ◽  
M. J. Penninckx ◽  
M. Merzouki ◽  
M. Benlemlih
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Olive Mill Waste ◽  
Mill Waste ◽  
Olive Mill

scholarly journals New Insight into Mechanism of Cr(VI) Migration and Transformation in Typical Soils of Chromite ore Processing Residue (COPR) Contaminated Sites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghai Wei ◽  
Wenting Li ◽  
Jie Tang ◽  
Jia Zhang ◽  
Honghan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Column ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Red Soil ◽  
Alkaline Condition ◽  
Stable Form ◽  
Chromite Ore Processing Residue ◽  
Chromite Ore ◽  
Ore Processing ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Soil Constituents

Abstract Chromite ore processing residue (COPR) storage sites are widely distributed all over the world, causing serious soil and groundwater pollution. However, the differences in soil constituents and properties between different regions are significant, and the dynamic migration and transformation of Cr(VI) in different types of soil under alkaline condition of the COPR site is still unclear. In this study, the typical black soil, red soil and loess in different regions of China were chosen to investigate the adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics of Cr(VI) under the original pH conditions of the soil, and then the alkaline Cr(VI) solution was introduced into the soil column to simulate the dynamic migration and transformation process of Cr(VI) at COPR sites. According to the results, the Cr(VI) breakthrough curve predicted by the solid-liquid distribution coefficient Kd based on the static isotherm adsorption experiments significantly underestimated and overestimated the retention effect of black soil and red soil on Cr(VI) dynamic migration, respectively. For the black soil, the retention of Cr(VI) was dominated by Cr(VI) reduction, which is a slow reaction compared with Cr(VI) adsorption. Therefore, the reduction kinetics process during the column experiment cannot be neglected. In respect to the red soil, the outlet Cr(VI) concentration turned to be higher than the inlet concentration with the soil alkalization, which indicated that the adsorbed Cr(VI) desorbed again, and this is the main reason for the overestimation of Cr(VI) retention effect by the red soil. This study shows that the environmental risks of Cr in different types of soil are quite different, mainly related to the valence and occurrence form of Cr that governed by the soil constituents and properties. In addition, the stable form of Cr in the black soil column after the reaction indicates that the soil organic matter can be used as a potential environmentally friendly remediation material for Cr(VI) contaminated soils at COPR sites.

scholarly journals Soil Persistence of Diuron Applied to Cotton Cultivation in Red and Black Soils

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Md. Mifta Faizullah ◽  
T. Ramprakash ◽  
T. Anjaiah ◽  
M. Madhavi
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Red Soil ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Soil Persistence ◽  
Red Soils ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Telangana State

Persistence of diuron applied to cotton as preemergence spray at varied rates of application (0.5, 0.75, 1.0 kg ha-1) was studied in field experiments conducted simultaneously in red and black soils at Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar during kharif, 2018. In both red and black soils, persistence of diuron was observed beyond 120 days after application and the concentration of diuron in the top soil (0-15 cm) was higher in black soils compared to red soils from 0 Days to 120 Days. Higher dose of diuron showed greater soil persistence in both red and black soil. Diuron dissipation in soil followed first order kinetics in both the soils. Field half life of diuron was higher in black soil was 53.3-77.0 days at different rates of application than in red soil (53.3-69.3 days).

scholarly journals Prokaryotic Expression, Purification and Activity Detection of Phosphodiesterase 2A Protein

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Lei Jiang ◽  
Shenghu Yan
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Prokaryotic Expression ◽  
Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Activity Detection ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Active Protein ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Depression is associated with changes in cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels. Depression can be improved by increasing the cGMP concentration through the cGMP/PKG pathway with PDE2A inhibitors. This study is aimed to improve the expression of a highly active PDE2A protein with an Escherichia coli vector ST6 for the screening of PDE2A inhibitors. PDE2A gene was obtained through polymerase chain reaction. A recombinant plasmid of ST6-PDE2A was built by seamless cloning and then introduced into E. coli BL21 (DE3). The cultivation conditions were optimized to increase target protein expression. The expressed protein was purified with Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Its purified activity was measured by a PDE-GloTM phosphodiesterase kit. An maximized protein expression was obtained by cultivating E. coli BL21 with ST6-PDE2A in the YT medium at 37 °C till OD600 reached to 0.6-0.8 and then by inducible expressing with 1 mM IPTG at 16 °C for 40 hours. The resultant active protein has an EC50 of 0.1196 mg/ml.

Physiochemical and Thermodynamic Characterization of Highly Active Mutated Aspergillus niger β-glucosidase for Lignocellulose Hydrolysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rizwan Javed ◽  
Muhammad Hamid Rashid ◽  
Muhammad Riaz ◽  
Habibullah Nadeem ◽  
Muhammad Qasim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Thermodynamic Characterization ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Lignocellulose Hydrolysis

Influence of Farm Yard Manure, Farm Yard Manure + Urea, and Urea on Crop Yield in Prishnaparni (Uraria picta Desv. ex DC.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Usha Kiran
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Red Soil ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pot Experiment ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Farm Yard Manure ◽  
Different Soils

ABSTRACT To evaluate the effect of farm yard manure (FYM) alone, FYM + urea, and urea alone on the growth and yield of Uraria picta Desv. ex DC. with two physicochemically different soils of Bundelkhand region, pot experiment was conducted during 2010 to 2011 and 2014 to 2015. FYM + urea applied in 50:50 ratio of nitrogen (N) gave best results as compared with the other treatments for crop yield in both the types of soils. Highest dry matter yield of 18.62 gm/pot was obtained during the year 2010 to 2011 and 24.33 gm/pot was obtained during the year 2014 to 2015 when FYM + urea was treated in black soil. The FYM alone and urea alone yielded dry matter of 16.03 gm/pot and 15.55 gm/pot respectively, during the year 2010 to 2011. Trends for the increase in dry matter yield were similar during both the years of study. In red soil also, dry matter yield was highest (10.23 gm/pot) during the year 2010 to 2011 and (14.33 gm/pot) 2014 to 2015 when FYM + urea was applied. The FYM + urea in 50:50 ratio is the best for the growth of Uraria picta. Desv. ex DC. How to cite this article Kiran U. Influence of Farm Yard Manure, Farm Yard Manure + Urea, and Urea on Crop Yield in Prishnaparni (Uraria picta Desv. ex DC.). J Drug Res Ayurvedic Sci 2017;2(1):30-33.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document