Possible association of ghrelin/obestatin balance with cardiometabolic risk in obese subjects with Helicobacter pylori

AbstractObjectives. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common gastric infection associated with extragastric conditions. The association between H. pylori infection and obesity is unclear. H. pylori may affect gut hormones involved in food intake and energy expenditure. The aim of this study is to evaluate ghrelin/obestatin balance and leptin in obese subjects with H. pylori infection.Methods. Sixty healthy volunteers were divided into: obese and non-obese groups. Each group was divided into H. Pylori positive or H. pylori negative. Anthropometric parameters, H. pylori status, serum glucose, insulin level, and lipid profile were estimated with calculation of Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Serum levels of ghrelin, obestatin, and leptin were evaluated.Results. Significant increase was found in serum glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR ratio in obese subjects with positive H. pylori as compared to other groups. H. pylori positive obese subjects showed significantly increased ghrelin, ghrelin/obestatin balance, and leptin with a significant decrease in obestatin as compared to negative subjects. Ghrelin/obestatin ratio positively correlated with weight, body mass index, waist, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, leptin, cholesterol, triglycerides, low density cholesterol and also with H. pylori antigen in the same group.Conclusions. It can be concluded that ghrelin, obestatin, and leptin are affected by presence of H. pylori seropositivity in obese subjects. The higher ghrelin levels and ghrelin/obestatin ratio with lowered obestatin could be considered as a gastro-protective effect against inflammation induced by H. pylori.

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Plasma resistin, adiponectin and leptin levels in lean and obese subjects: correlations with insulin resistance

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje.0.1490331 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 149 (4) ◽

pp. 331-335 ◽

Cited By ~ 350

Author(s):

JV Silha ◽

M Krsek ◽

JV Skrha ◽

P Sucharda ◽

BL Nyomba ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Fasting Insulin ◽

Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

The Relationship

OBJECTIVE: Adipose tIssue regulates insulin sensitivity via the circulating adipocytokines, leptin, resistin and adiponectin. The objective of this study was to compare the levels of resistin, adiponectin and leptin in lean and obese subjects and determine the relationship between circulating adipocytokines and insulin resistance. METHODS: We examined plasma levels of resistin, adiponectin and leptin in 17 lean subjects with a mean body mass index (BMI) of approximately 23 and 34 non-diabetic obese individuals with a mean BMI approximately 33. Insulin resistance was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment ratio (HOMA-R) formula derived from fasting insulin and glucose levels. RESULTS: Resistin levels were not significantly different between the two groups but were significantly higher in women compared with men, 35.4+/-6.5 (s.e.) vs 15.4+/-2.9 microg/L, P<0.01. Resistin did not correlate with BMI but did significantly correlate with HOMA-R, P<0.01, and this correlation remained significant after adjustment for gender and BMI. Adiponectin levels were significantly lower in obese compared with lean subjects, P<0.005, and higher in women, P<0.001, but showed no significant correlation with HOMA-R. Leptin levels were significantly higher in obese subjects and women and correlated with HOMA-R and resistin. DISCUSSION: In this small group of patients we demonstrated that insulin resistance correlated most strongly with leptin levels. A significant correlation between resistin levels and insulin resistance was also observed. Although a similar trend was apparent for adiponectin, the correlation with insulin resistance did not achieve statistical significance.

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Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 Attenuates Helicobacter pylori-Associated Gastritis and Reduces Levels of Proinflammatory Chemokines in C57BL/6 Mice

Clinical and Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology ◽

10.1128/cdli.12.12.1378-1386.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 1378-1386 ◽

Cited By ~ 56

Author(s):

Dionyssios N. Sgouras ◽

Effrosini G. Panayotopoulou ◽

Beatriz Martinez-Gonzalez ◽

Kalliopi Petraki ◽

Spyros Michopoulos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Lamina Propria ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Favorable Effect ◽

Lactobacillus Johnsonii ◽

Ags Cells ◽

Inflammatory Infiltration ◽

H Pylori

ABSTRACT In clinical settings, Lactobacillus johnsonii La1 administration has been reported to have a favorable effect on Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis, although the mechanism remains unclear. We administered, continuously through the water supply, live La1 to H. pylori-infected C57BL/6 mice and followed colonization, the development of H. pylori-associated gastritis in the lamina propria, and the levels of proinflammatory chemokines macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2) and keratinocyte-derived cytokine (KC) in the serum and gastric tissue over a period of 3 months. We documented a significant attenuation in both lymphocytic (P = 0.038) and neutrophilic (P = 0.003) inflammatory infiltration in the lamina propria as well as in the circulating levels of anti-H. pylori immunoglobulin G antibodies (P = 0.003), although we did not observe a suppressive effect of La1 on H. pylori colonizing numbers. Other lactobacilli, such as L. amylovorus DCE 471 and L. acidophilus IBB 801, did not attenuate H. pylori-associated gastritis to the same extent. MIP-2 serum levels were distinctly reduced during the early stages of H. pylori infection in the La1-treated animals, as were gastric mucosal levels of MIP-2 and KC. Finally, we also observed a significant reduction (P = 0.046) in H. pylori-induced interleukin-8 secretion by human adenocarcinoma AGS cells in vitro in the presence of neutralized (pH 6.8) La1 spent culture supernatants, without concomitant loss of H. pylori viability. These observations suggest that during the early infection stages, administration of La1 can attenuate H. pylori-induced gastritis in vivo, possibly by reducing proinflammatory chemotactic signals responsible for the recruitment of lymphocytes and neutrophils in the lamina propria.

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Comparison of IL-6, IL-8 Concentrations in H. pylori- and non-H. pylori-associated Gastritis

The Indonesian Biomedical Journal ◽

10.18585/inabj.v6i3.29 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 163 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gontar Alamsyah Siregar ◽

Sahat Salim ◽

Ricky Rivalino Sitepu

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Rapid Urease Test ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Urease Test ◽

H Pylori

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori is a non-invasive microorganism causing intense gastric mucosal inflammatory and immune reaction. The gastric mucosal levels of the proinflammatory cytokines Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-8 have been reported to be increased in H. pylori infection, but the serum levels in H. pylori infection is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the serum levels of IL-6 and IL-8 in H. pylori infection.METHODS: A cross sectional study was done on eighty consecutive gastritis patients admitted to endoscopy units at Adam Malik General Hospital and Permata Bunda Hospital, Medan, Indonesia from May-October 2014. Histopathology was performed for the diagnosis of gastritis. Rapid urease test for diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Serum samples were obtained to determine circulating IL-6 and IL-8. Univariate and bivariate analysis (independent t test) were done.RESULTS: There were 41.25% patients infected with H. pylori. Circulatory IL-6 levels were significantly higher in H. pylori-infected patients compared to H. pylori negative, but there were no differences between serum levels of IL-8 in H. pylori positive and negative patients.CONCLUSION: The immune response to H. pylori promotes systemic inflammation, which was reflected in an increased level of serum IL-6. Serum levels of IL-8 were not significantly different between H. pylori positive and negative.KEYWORDS: Helicobacter pylori, gastritis, IL-6, IL-8, cytokine

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Frequency of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients of acne vulgaris

10.53350/pjmhs211561411 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 1411-1414

Author(s):

Z. Khalid ◽

H. B. A. Kalhoro ◽

A. Ashraf ◽

H. Mughal ◽

K. Bukhsh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Acne Vulgaris ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽

Pathology Laboratory ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dermatology Department ◽

H Pylori ◽

Very High

Background: Acne vulgaris is a common complaint throughout the world, contributing to both morbidity and healthcare costs. Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is also a world heath problem, and recent evidence suggests that two conditions may be related. However, there is insignificant evidence to support a casual association of HP infection and acne vulgaris. Aim: To determine the frequency of helicobacter pylori infection in patients of acne vulgaris Study design: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. Settings and duration: Dermatology Department, Liaquat University of medical and health Sciences (LUMHS), Civil Hospital, Hyderabad from 22nd August 2017 to 21st February 2018 Methods: A total of 135 patients, 13 to 30 years of age of both genders with acne vulgaris were included in this study. Patients with H Pylori infection positive without acne vulgaris, family history helicobacter pylori infection, chronic smoker or alcoholics were excluded. Patients were subjected to relevant investigations i.e. HP antibody titer, for that blood sample of each patient was sent to institutional pathology laboratory for measuring of serum levels of anti H. Pylori IgG antibodies where each report was prepared by consultant pathologist. Results: Mean age was 23.33 ± 4.14 years. Out of these 135 patients, 48 (35.56%) were females and 87 (64.44%) were males with female to male ratio of 1:1.8. Frequency of helicobacter pylori infection in patients of acne vulgaris was seen in 107 (79.26%) patients. Conclusion: This study concluded that frequency of helicobacter pylori infection in patients of acne vulgaris is very high and these patients should be screened for helicobacter pylori infection Keywords: Acne, helicobacter pylori, association

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Effects of Multi-Strain Probiotics on Immune Responses and Metabolic Balance in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Mice

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12082476 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 2476

Author(s):

Chun-Che Lin ◽

Wei-Chiao Huang ◽

Chiu-Hsian Su ◽

Wei-De Lin ◽

Wen-Tzu Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Palmitic Acid ◽

Interleukin 1 ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Immune Functions ◽

Alternative Approaches ◽

Vaca Gene ◽

Acid Producing Bacteria ◽

H Pylori ◽

Arginine Aspartate

Chronic inflammation caused by Helicobacter pylori infection increases the risk of developing gastric cancer. Even though the prevalence of H. pylori infection has been decreased in many regions, the development of antibiotic resistance strains has increased the difficulty of eradicating H. pylori. Therefore, exploring alternative approaches to combat H. pylori infection is required. It is well-known that probiotic therapy can improve H. pylori clearance. In this study, H. pylori-infected mice were treated with Lactobacillus fermentum P2 (P2), L. casei L21 (L21), L. rhamnosus JB3 (JB3), or a mixture including the aforementioned three (multi-LAB) for three days. All the lactic acid producing bacteria (LAB) treatments decreased H. pylori loads in the stomach and vacA gene expression, H. pylori specific immunoglobulin (Ig) A, and IgM levels in stomach homogenates, as well as serum levels of interferon-gamma and interleukin-1 beta. The multi-LAB and JB3 treatments further restored the superoxide dismutase and catalase activities suppressed by H. pylori infection. Furthermore, H. pylori infection decreased serum concentrations of 15 kinds of amino acids as well as palmitic acid. The multi-LAB treatment was able to recover the serum levels of alanine, arginine, aspartate, glycine, and tryptophan, which are all important in modulating immune functions. In addition, butyric acid, valeric acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, and oleic acid levels were increased. In this study, multi-LAB revealed its ability to adjust the composition of metabolites to improve health. To date, the mechanisms underlying how LAB strains crosstalk with the host are not fully understood. Identifying the mechanisms which are regulated by LABs will facilitate the development of effective therapies for infection in the future.

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Ultra-Early and Early Changes in Bile Acids and Insulin after Sleeve Gastrectomy among Obese Patients

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina55120757 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (12) ◽

pp. 757

Author(s):

Adriana Florinela Cӑtoi ◽

Alina Elena Pârvu ◽

Aurel Mironiuc ◽

Horațiu Silaghi ◽

Ioana Delia Pop ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Obese Patients ◽

Fasting Insulin ◽

Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽

Insulin Homeostasis ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Time Point

Background and Objective: In obese patients, sleeve gastrectomy (SG) has shown mixed results on bile acid (BA) values. The aim of our study was to examine the potential ultra-early and early changes of the circulating total BA in relation with the changes of insulin resistance (IR) in obese patients submitted to laparoscopic SG. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four obese subjects were investigated for body mass index (BMI), total fasting BA, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and leptin before and at 7 and 30 d after SG. Results: After surgery, mean BMI decreased at the first (p < 0.001) and at the second time point (p < 0.001) relative to baseline. Total fasting BA values did not change significantly at 7 d (p = 0.938) and at 30 d (p = 0.289) after SG. No significant changes were found at 7 d (p = 0.194, p = 0.34) and 30 d (p = 0.329, p = 0.151) after surgery regarding fasting insulin and HOMA-IR, respectively. However, a trend of increased total fasting BA and decreased fasting insulin and HOMA- after laparoscopic SG has been found. Negative correlations between total fasting BA and insulin (r = −0.807, p = 0.009), HOMA-IR (r = −0.855, p = 0.014), and blood glucose (r = −0.761, p = 0.047), respectively, were observed at one month after SG. Conclusion: In conclusion, here, we found a lack of significant changes in total fasting BA, insulin, and HOMA-IR ultra-early and early after SG, which precluded us to consider a possible relation between the variations of BA and IR. However, the presence of the tendency for total fasting BA to increase and for insulin and HOMA-IR to decrease, as well as of the negative correlations one month after laparoscopic SG, suggest that this surgery brings about some changes that point towards the existence, and possibly towards the restoration, at least to some extent, of the link between BA and glucose metabolism.

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Serum Resistin (FIZZ3) Protein Is Increased in Obese Humans

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/jc.2002-021808 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 88 (11) ◽

pp. 5452-5455 ◽

Cited By ~ 298

Author(s):

Mikako Degawa-Yamauchi ◽

Jason E. Bovenkerk ◽

Beth Elisa Juliar ◽

William Watson ◽

Kimberly Kerr ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Significant Positive Correlation ◽

Human Adipose Tissue ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Isolated Adipocytes ◽

Resistance Score

Abstract The role of resistin in obesity and insulin resistance in humans is controversial. Therefore, resistin protein was quantitated by ELISA in serum of 27 lean [13 women/14 men, body mass index (BMI) 21.7 ± 0.4 kg/m2, age 33 ± 2 yr] and 50 obese (37 women/13 men, BMI 49.8 ± 1.5 kg/m2, age 47 ± 1 yr) subjects. There was more serum resistin protein in the obese (mean ± sem: 5.3 ± 0.4 ng/ml; range 1.8–17.9) than lean subjects (3.6 ± 0.4 ng/ml; range 1.5–9.9; P = 0.001). The elevation of serum resistin in obese humans was confirmed by Western blot as was expression of resistin protein in human adipose tissue and isolated adipocytes. There was a significant positive correlation between resistin and BMI (r = 0.37; P = 0.002). Multiple regression analysis with predictors BMI and resistin explained 25% of the variance in homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance score. BMI was a significant predictor of insulin resistance (P = 0.0002), but resistin adjusted for BMI was not (P = 0.11). The data demonstrate that resistin protein is present in human adipose tissue and blood, and that there is significantly more resistin in the serum of obese subjects. Serum resistin is not a significant predictor of insulin resistance in humans.

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Adropin and Apelin -12, two better predictors of metabolic syndrome in obese children

10.21203/rs.3.rs-17352/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Chunyan Yin ◽

hong ai zhang ◽

Meizheng Zhang ◽

yanfeng y xiao

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Obese Children ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Specificity And Sensitivity ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Prospective Association

Abstract Objective Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the most extensively described condition associated with childhood and adolescent obesity and is a challenging public health issue. Studies regarding the specificity and sensitivity of serum levels of adropin and apelin -12 as predictors of MetS are limited. The aim was to evaluate the prospective association between adropin and apelin -12 concentrations and MetS and sensitivity as predictors of MetS in the obese children. Methods This study involved 138 children. The study group included obese subjects with MetS and the two control groups included obese without MetS and normal weight subjects. Anthropometric parameters and clinical data were collected. Plasma levels of apelin -12, adropin, leptin, adiponectin and TNF-α were measured. Results Obese children with MetS had significantly higher levels of apelin -12 and significantly lower levels of adropin compared to those without MetS. In logistic regressions, we identified that apelin -12 was risk factor for metabolic syndrome and adropin was the protecting factors of having MetS after adjustment for age, sex and puberty. Furthermore, adropin and apelin -12 are two more sensitive predictors of metabolic syndrome than leptin and adiponect using ROC method. Conclusion Serum adropin and apelin -12 levels can be useful biomarkers for evaluation of the risk of MetS in obese children. This may provide a novel approach for treatment or prevention of MetS development.

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APOA-5 Genetic Variant rs662799: Role in Lipid Changes and Insulin Resistance after a Mediterranean Diet in Caucasian Obese Subjects

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2021/1257145 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Daniel de Luis ◽

Olatz Izaola ◽

David Primo

Keyword(s):

Dietary Intervention ◽

Metabolic Response ◽

Serum Triglyceride ◽

Hypocaloric Diet ◽

Metabolic Effects ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Apoa5 Gene ◽

Obese Subjects

Background and Aims. This APOA5-1131C allele is related with a higher serum triglyceride levels and perhaps a different metabolic response to a dietary intervention. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate SNP rs662799 in the APOA5 gene and its associations with metabolic effects after a hypocaloric diet with Mediterranean pattern. Methods. A population of 363 Caucasian obese patients was enrolled. Anthropometric parameters and serum parameters (lipid profile, insulin, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), glucose, C reactive protein, adiponectin, resistin, and leptin levels) were measured, at basal time and after 3 months. All patients were genotyped in the rs662799 polymorphism. Results. The APOA5 variant distribution was as follows: 89.3% ( n = 324 ) (TT) were homozygous for the T allele, 10.5% ( n = 38 ) (TC) were heterozygous, and 0.2% ( n = 1 ) (CC) were homozygous for the C allele. Triglyceride levels were higher in patients with the C allele. After dietary intervention, BMI, weight, fat mass, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, adiponectin, leptin, and adiponectin/leptin ratio improved significantly in both genotype groups TT and TC+CC. After dietary intervention, insulin levels (delta: − 3.6 ± 0.8 UI / L vs. − 1.5 ± 0.6 UI / L ; P = 0.03 ), HOMA-IR (delta: − 1.5 ± 0.4 units vs. − 0.3 ± 0.2 units ; P = 0.02 ), and triglyceride levels (delta: − 19.3 ± 4.2 mg / dL vs. − 3.2 ± 3.1 mg / dL ; P = 0.02 ) decreased in non-C allele carriers. Conclusions. C allele carriers of rs662799 of the APOA5 gene did not show an improvement in triglyceride, insulin, and HOMA-IR levels after a significant weight loss due to a hypocaloric diet with a Mediterranean pattern.

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Adropin and Apelin -12, two better predictors of metabolic syndrome in obese children

10.21203/rs.3.rs-22541/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

yanfeng xiao ◽

hong ai zhang ◽

mei zhen zhang ◽

chunyan yin

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Obese Children ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Specificity And Sensitivity ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Prospective Association

Abstract Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is the most extensively described condition associated with childhood and adolescent obesity and is a challenging public health issue. Studies regarding the specificity and sensitivity of serum levels of adropin and apelin -12 as predictors of MetS are limited. The aim was to evaluate the prospective association between adropin and apelin -12 concentrations and MetS and sensitivity as predictors of MetS in the obese children.Methods:: This study involved 138 children. The study group included obese subjects with MetS and the two control groups included obese without MetS and normal weight subjects. Anthropometric parameters and clinical data were collected. Plasma levels of apelin -12, adropin, leptin, adiponectin and TNF-α were measured. Results: Obese children with MetS had significantly higher levels of apelin -12 and significantly lower levels of adropin compared to those without MetS. In logistic regressions, we identified that apelin -12 was risk factor for metabolic syndrome and adropin was the protecting factors of having MetS after adjustment for age, sex and puberty. Furthermore, adropin and apelin -12 are two more sensitive predictors of metabolic syndrome than leptin and adiponect using ROC method. Conclusion: Serum adropin and apelin -12 levels can be useful biomarkers for evaluation of the risk of MetS in obese children. This may provide a novel approach for treatment or prevention of MetS development.

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