scholarly journals Exploring Education and Education Reforms from the Complex Systems Point of View

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Ljubinka Joksimović ◽  
Slavica Manić
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Education System ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Education Reforms ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The World ◽  
Theory Of Complexity

Abstract The main motivation for this paper is that a negligible number of reforms in education systems, initiated all over the world, proved to be successful in terms of bringing desired results in promoting educational practice and its final goal - the promotion of students’ learning and knowledge. Regarding the education system and its reform a change of paradigm has recently happened. In some cases, changes were made gradually, whereas in other cases it was completely abandonment of treating them as complicated systems with simple interventions and solutions toward the recognition and respect of their true complex nature. So, this reviewed paper explores new insights and tools derived from the theory of complexity. They can help to better understand and navigate the education system and its reform. Becoming familiarised with methodological implications of viewing the education system and its reform as complex system is recommendation for different stakeholders included in education system, such as teachers, students, researchers, administrators and policy makers. Advance awareness of both urgency and opportunities of analysing and respecting the education system as a complex system would contribute to better understanding the essence of dynamic wholeness of education and, for sure, would provide desired results of educational reform. For all of us that means more successful coping with the world characterised by a growing number of complex systems with growing intensity.

scholarly journals KRISIS DISIPLIN PENDIDIKAN ISLAM: ANTI PLURALISME

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-86
Author(s):  
Zainal Lutfi
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
National Curriculum ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Normative Belief ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Education Curriculum ◽  
Curriculum Model ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World

This article discusses the problem of Islamic education from a theological and sociological point of view. The emergence of normative and verbalist Islamic education curriculum distorts the universality of Islam. Islam that is contextual in space and time, always in contact with sociological aspects, should be understood as something that can change its partiality dynamics continuously, even though there is a universal thing that is maintained as a normative belief. On the other hand, the failure of education to produce educational output that is dignified and virtuous has caused some people to distrust the world of education in developing the character and ethics of children. The vote of disbelief is getting stronger with the emergence of the National curriculum model which gives a greater portion of general subjects than religious subjects. This paper is a criticism of the development of the world of education in Indonesia, with the hope that education stakeholders make changes to the education system and the applicable curriculum.

Semiotic analysis of symbolic logic using tagmemic theory: with implications for analytic philosophy

Semiotica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vern S. Poythress
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Analytic Philosophy ◽  
Formal Languages ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Symbolic Logic ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
The World

Abstract This article uses tagmemic theory as a semiotic framework to analyze symbolic logic. It attends particularly to the issue of context for meaning and the role of personal observer/participants. It focuses on formal languages, which employ no ordinary words and from one point of view have “no meaning.” Attention to the context and the theorists who deploy these languages shows that formal languages have meanings at a higher level, colored by the purposes of the analysts. In fact, there is an indefinitely ascending hierarchy of theories of theories, each of which analyzes and evaluates the theories at a lower level. By analogy with Kurt Gödel’s incompleteness theory, no level of the hierarchy can capture within formalism everything in a sufficiently complex system. The personal analysts always have to make judgments about how a formalized system is analogous to the world outside the system. Arguments in analytic philosophy can be useful in clarification, but neither clarification of terms nor clarification of the structure of arguments can eliminate the need for personal judgment.

Building a Vision for Quality Education

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gray Rinehart
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Continuous Improvement ◽  
Education System ◽  
School Administration ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
American Industry ◽  
The World

The concepts of customer satisfaction and continuous improvement of products and service form the foundation of the quality philosophy that swept across American industry during the 1980s. The translation of the concepts from industrial to educational practice is proceeding in many areas across the country and around the world, where the principles are being applied to school administration, curricula and teaching. One of the first and most necessary tasks in expanding and solidifying this effort is formulating and communicating a broad, compelling vision to unite different elements of the education system together in pursuing continuous improvement. The construction of a vision for quality is the focus of this article.

scholarly journals The Crisis in Educational Research: A Pragmatic Approach

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Badley
Keyword(s):  
Educational Research ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Or Methodology ◽  
Dominant Paradigm

This article first identifies and discusses four main causes of the crisis in educational research. These are summarized as false dualism, false primacy, false certainty and false expectations. False dualism is the apartheid that divides positivist and constructivist researchers with positivists believing in an objective reality and constructivists arguing that reality is a social construction. False primacy is the view that the positivist paradigm has come to dominate research to the detriment of more open, pluralistic and critically reflective approaches. False certainty is the argument that in an increasingly complex and uncertain world researchers have retreated to a reactionary position in order to shore up the dominant paradigm. False expectations is the case that governments, especially, are demanding more evidence-based research in order to provide urgent solutions to educational problems. The second part of the article shows how taking a pragmatic approach may help us resolve some of the difficulties identified. For example pragmatists would not privilege any one paradigm or methodology over another but would argue that both science and constructivism offer different sets of tools for investigating different aspects of the world. This also means that pragmatists see inquiry not as discovering what is really out there but as offering more or less useful descriptions to meet our particular needs and purposes. The third part of the article argues that pragmatism is not an alternative model of research but is more a working point of view or a perspective which is admittedly modest and, so pragmatists think, appropriately fuzzy. What a pragmatic approach to research actually leads to, through reflection, is a kind of useful if temporary equilibrium amongst the community of inquirers. Part of this approach is the rejection of the idea that scientific research can be used with certainty to specify educational practice. All it can provide is possible lines of action.

scholarly journals SOCIAL ISSUES OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN ALBANIA AND TODAY'S WORLDVIEW OF KNOWLEDGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-294
Author(s):  
Menada Petro
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Education System ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Home Appliances ◽  
New Learning ◽  
Uncertain Future

If we take a look at past developments and today's changes, anyone can readily notice that society has been involved in a rapid development. So if we notice the change in the form and content of cars, or electrical appliances, home appliances, cameras, computers, mobile phones, etc, we can understand how much they have changed and evolved. But if we take the same view in the field of education, we see that our schools today have changed very little. We are still at the stage when students sit in rows and the teacher is at the center, the student is still very little entitled to claim to be autodidact in creating his knowledge and we still see the teacher as the only source of knowledge.The school has been transformed into a planned process that prepares individuals for a world planned and organized in institutions. Time ago, schools prepared individuals for a secure and recognizable future, but in today's reality, schools have to prepare safe individuals for an unknown, changeable and completely uncertain future, so, nowadays the education challenge is to establish sustainable education in a rapidly changing society.From this point of view this paper attempts to analyze and provide answers to the actual education system and new learning opportunities. Installing a different knowledge while retaining its power and not the same knowledge for everyone by expanding its power.This analysis aims to change the concepts and outlook for a more efficient functioning of the education system in Albania, as well as give policy makers recommendations on how our system should change to better fit to the pace of time and prepare individuals capable for life and society.

Moving from a “Flood Our School” to an “Islands of Success” Conception in the Process of Advancing Underprivileged Children

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Baruch Offir ◽  
Niva Wengrowicz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Education System ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Processes Of Change ◽  
Technological Systems ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Methods Of Analysis ◽  
The World

Policy makers in education do not perceive the education system as a unique discipline, but rather judge it using terms appropriate for the world of economics. Methods of analysis and decision-making that exist in the world of economics are implemented in the field of education. This reality was the basis for the authors’ research on the integration of technological systems for the advancement of students which was conducted as part of their desire to understand processes of change in learning systems. It became clear that in order to succeed in the process of integrating innovative technological systems in the schools, society should not “flood the schools” with technology, but should rather use the “islands of success method.”

scholarly journals Formation System of Education of Ukraine and China: Comparative Analysis

2018 ◽  
pp. 238-251
Author(s):  
Wang Jingyi ◽  
Liu Chang
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
School Education ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Education ◽  
Chinese Universities ◽  
The World

The specific aspects of the education system of Ukraine and China are considered and analyzed. It is noted that the growing intellectualization of the economy is one of the important modern criteria, which is reflected in the requirements to increase the quality of education. From this point of view, the study of China’s experience in the educational sector is relevant as it promotes the search for improvement of the existing educational model in Ukraine. A comparative description of the age criterion of the stages of the educational process in Ukraine and China is presented. From this point of view, there are the following links in the education system in two countries: pre-school education, elementary education, secondary education, higher education, adult education. Mechanisms for obtaining each level of education in two countries are revealed. The forms of educational institutions ownership and fees for educational services, terms of education, types of educational institutions of each level, statistics on the coverage of pre-school education, the number of children, educators and assistant educators in groups of kindergartens, pupils and teachers in classes, school regimen, grading scale, the lesson duration, the only state examination for admission to higher education, the conditions for admitting university entrants to institutions of higher education are revealed. It is also noted that there is an acute problem with the provision of teaching staff with higher education in China preschool institutions and this issue is systematically and purposefully solved by the state. The article analyzes the three top rankings of the best institutions of higher education in the world educational market in the context of the quantitative component of Ukrainian and Chinese universities representatives. The indexes for which the universities were evaluated and the world top universities’ rating was created. The authors made a conclusion that only six institutions of higher education of Ukraine have world-class recognition, and two of them meet international standards of preparation of skilled workers. The authors based the position that China is one of the leaders in providing quality educational services, and therefore it is expedient to study the organization, content, forms and methods in the Chinese universities for the purpose of implantation of constructive experience in the educational system of Ukraine.

We Look Forward to the Future in the Difficult Days

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 891-892
Author(s):  
Jijun Yao
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

No matter from which point of view, 2020 is an unimaginable year. The sudden outbreak and rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic have caused the world to face unprecedented challenges. Schools were closed, and how to make the education system work effectively in this context has become a common topic among educators around the world.

Special Issue on Complex Systems in Robotics

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-283
Author(s):  
Sadayoshi Mikami ◽  
◽  
and Mitsuo Wada
Keyword(s):  
Reinforcement Learning ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Static Solution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Control Laws ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
The World

The Really ""intelligent"" robots predicted by science fiction have yet to appear, and robotics research seems to have reached a wall in dealing with the real-world environment. The robot is a unique device that it interfaces directly with the environments, including humans, machines, and nature. The world is very complex and changes dynamically. Robotic research must thus consider how to deal with such dynamcal complex world by means of machines. Our special issues on the complex systems in robotics introduce current representative approaches and attempts to answer these questions. The approach from a complex system point of view deals with new directions in robotics, for the above reasons and provides ways to view things dynamically, in a way that goes beyond traditional static control laws and rules. As these issues show approaches are divergent and ongoing. Modeling and forecasting the world is not haphazard. If requires direction. Even robots that navigate traffic, for example, must have a model to forecast unknown dynamics. Human interfacing requires far more difficult approaches than we take now. Recent developments in theory of chaos and non-linear predictions are expected to provide ways to enable these approaches. Robot interaction with the environment is one of the fundamental characteristics robots, and any interaction incorporates underlying dynamics; even robot-to-robot interaction exhibits deterministic dynamics. We will see how to deal with such complex phenomena through the articles predicting chaotic time series in these issues. Very rapid adaptation to the world is another way of coping using a brute-force approach. Reinforcement learning is a promising tool for working in a complex unknown environment. Learning robots affect both their environment and other robots. This is the situation in which we must think of the emergence of complexity. This may provide a rich source of possible tasks, and we must consider its dynamic nature of it. Many interesting phenomena are shown in the papers we present, applying reinforcement learning in multi-robots, for example. Finding good solutions wherever possible is a rather static solution but must incorporate the mechanism of how nature generates complexities and rich variations. Evolutionary methods, which many papers deal with in this issue, involves trends in complex systems sciences. Robotics applications must consider practical achievements such as rapidity, robustness, and appropriateness for specific applications. These issues provide a variety of robots and automation problems. Of course there are lots of other ways for this quite new approach and it should be worth cultivating because it is just the way we expect that robots should go. These special issues are organized from many papers submitted by researchers, all of whom we thank for their contributions. We hope these issues will help readers to familiarize themselves with the many trends in researches beyond engineering approaches and treat their practical implementation. This area is now very active, and we hope to see many papers related to this theme submitted to this journal in future.

scholarly journals SPACES OF VARIABLE DIMENSION

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-130
Author(s):  
Alice Hryshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Complex System ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Frame Of Reference ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Fractional Dimension ◽  
Variable Dimension ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
State Of Affairs

Usually scientists build physical models depending on how they perceive the world. But the current state of affairs in science has shown that where the scale is very small compared to our usual world, it is not justified to use models that could be used in the macro world. One of the options that can take place in the micro world, but has no analogues in our ordinary world, which we observe every day, is that space can change or have a fractional dimension. It is possible that the dimension of space will have certain values, depending on the conditions in which our complex system is observed in space, or depending on the frame of reference of the observer. And thus the calculations in the mathematical modeling of complex systems must be adjusted in accordance with the dimension of space.

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