scholarly journals Habitat preferences of royal fern Osmunda regalis L. in the ‘Baszków’ nature reserve

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna K. Gdula ◽  
Marcin K. Dyderski ◽  
Andrzej M. Jagodziński
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Drainage Ditch ◽  
Anthropogenic Transformation ◽  
Natural Range ◽  
Local Extirpation ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Forest District

Abstract The royal fern (Osmunda regalis L.) is a threatened species, which reaches the northeastern border of its natural range in Poland. The number of royal fern stands is decreasing due to decline of its natural habitat - alder carrs. The main aim of this paper was to compare features of stands in habitats representing different levels of anthropogenic transformation and to investigate all stands of the royal fern in the ‘Baszków’ nature reserve (3.76 ha; Krotoszyn Forest District, Poland). We distinguished four plant communities within the nature reserve: Carici elongatae-Alnetum, Molinio-Pinetum, Leucobryo-Pinetum and Pinus-Padus. In total, we found 144 royal fern specimens within the nature reserve area growing in 20 stands: 97 specimens in Carici-Alnetum (9 stands), 32 specimens in Molinio-Pinetum (4 stands) and 15 specimens along a drainage ditch (7 stands). Specimens from Carici-Alnetum had the highest proportion of sporophylles (41%), which shows the habitat preferences of the royal fern. Low proportion of sporophylles and the low number of specimens in the stands in ditches prove lower vitality of royal ferns and possibility of local extirpation in these stands. Royal fern populations in secondary habitats such as ditches and borders of forest divisions should be particularly monitored. Passive royal fern protection in the nature reserve gave positive results due to better availability of light, connected with mortality of some trees.

scholarly journals First record of Hericium flagellum (Basidiomycota) from the “Olbina” nature reserve in Wielkopolska Voivodship, Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Brygida Kujawska ◽  
Małgorzata Stasińska ◽  
Tomasz Leski ◽  
Maria Rudawska
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
First Record ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Coniferous Trees ◽  
Northern Border ◽  
Natural Range ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Forest District

<em>Hericium flagellum</em> (Scop.) Pers. is considered a rare, wood-decaying fungus that occurs on coniferous trees, predominantly on silver fir (<em>Abies alba</em>). In this paper, a new locality of <em>H. flagellum</em> in Wielkopolska Voivodship is presented, along with the macro- and micromorphological features of the collected specimens. Basidiomata of <em>H. flagellum</em> were found in November 2016 and 2017 in the “Olbina” nature reserve (ATPOL Dc-97, Kalisz Forest District), located in a continental mixed coniferous forest close to the northern border of the natural range of silver fir. In 2016, <em>H. flagellum</em> was found growing in the hollow of an old stump of silver fir, and in the following year, this fungus was recorded on a fallen log of silver fir. The implications for conservation are briefly presented. Prospects of further development of the basidiomata of <em>H. flagellum</em> in the “Olbina” reserve are also discussed.

scholarly journals New locality of Hymenochaete cruenta in the Olbina nature reserve and revisiting of distribution of this fungus in Poland

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Brygida Kujawska ◽  
Małgorzata Stasińska ◽  
Tomasz Leski ◽  
Maria Rudawska
Keyword(s):  
Current Distribution ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Red List ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Natural Range ◽  
Microscopic Feature ◽  
Forest District

<em>Hymenochaete cruenta</em> is a saprotrophic fungus, grown mainly on the bark of dead branches and trunks of <em>Abies</em> trees and thus the distribution of this fungus in Poland and other European countries is closely connected with natural range of silver fir. Despite its wide range, <em>H. cruenta</em> is considered as rare in the whole area of its occurrence. In this paper, we present a new locality of <em>H. cruenta</em>, discovered in May and September 2016 in the Olbina nature reserve (southern Wielkopolska Lowland, Kalisz Forest District). Ecological notes and macro- and microscopic feature of basidiocarps of this fungus are presented. Additionally, the current distribution of <em>H. cruenta</em> in Poland comprising 78 localities is provided. The rank of <em>H. cruenta</em> among threatened species categories in different European countries is discussed. It seems that the species is rare and threatened in Poland, and it should be still classified as “vulnerable” on the red list of macrofungi. The significance of <em>H. cruenta</em> for diversity of mycobiota and the necessity of further research on the dynamic of occurrence of <em>H. cruenta</em> inside and outside of the natural range of <em>A. alba</em> is underlined.

scholarly journals Bees use anthropogenic habitats despite strong natural habitat preferences

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 924-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Á. Collado ◽  
Daniel Sol ◽  
Ignasi Bartomeus
Keyword(s):  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Anthropogenic Habitats

scholarly journals The Pseudoscorpions of Illinois

1949 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 413-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Clayton Hoff
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
North Central ◽  
Taxonomic Importance ◽  
Central United States ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Made In

Pseudoscorpions are minute animals only a few millimeters long, with the general appearance of diminutive scorpions except that they have no tails. They belong to the large phylum of joint-legged animals, the Arthropoda, and to the class Arachnida. which, in addition to the pseudoscorpions, embraces the spiders, mites, ticks, scorpions, and other related groups. Pseudoscorpions are seclusive in habit, occurring in soil cover and rotten logs, under bark, and in similar places out of doors: one species is found in houses. In their natural habitat, these little brown animals arc difficult to see. especially when they draw in their legs and "play possum." In this position they look like little specks of dirt. Probably because pseudoscorpions are inconspicuous, few collections of the group have been made in the past, and the fauna, at least of North America, and especially of the central and north-central United States, has remained scantily known. The object of this report is twofold, first to present illustrated keys and descriptions for the identification of species in this region, and, secondly, to summarize information regarding the distribution, biology, and habitat preferences of the species. As an aid in use of the keys, a section has been included on morphology, in which the structures now considered of major taxonomic importance are explained. Summarizing the distribution has been especially difficult because many identifications made prior to Chamberlin's work are probably incorrect and should be rechecked before they are cited. Because of this situation there is little accurate information to serve as a guide in foretelling what additional described species may be collected in Illinois. In order to make this report of wide application, the keys have been made to include all the genera known from the central and northeastern portions of the United States and adjacent portions of Canada.

scholarly journals Bees use anthropogenic habitats despite strong natural habitat preferences

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Á. Collado ◽  
Daniel Sol ◽  
Ignasi Bartomeus
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Large Dataset ◽  
Anthropogenic Habitats ◽  
Bee Diversity ◽  
Northeast Usa

ABSTRACTHabitat loss and alteration is widely considered one of the main drivers of the current loss of pollinator diversity. Unfortunately, we still lack a comprehensive analysis of habitat importance, use and preference for major groups of pollinators. Here, we address this gap analysing a large dataset of 15,762 bee specimens (more than 400 species) across northeast USA. We found that natural habitats sustain the highest bee diversity, with many species strongly depending on such habitats. By characterizing habitat use and preference for the 45 most abundant species, we also show that many bee species can use human-altered habitats despite exhibiting strong and clear preferences for forested habitats. However, only a few species appear to do well when the habitat has been drastically modified. We conclude that although altered environments may harbor a substantial number of species, preserving natural areas is still essential to guarantee the conservation of bee biodiversity.

Studying and mapping the soils of the southern part Sea of Okhotsk sector of the Kunashir island, Kuril islands

2021 ◽  
Vol 969 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
M.Yu. Grischchenko ◽  
V.V. Khlyustova ◽  
E.A. Izyumnikova ◽  
I.V. Kalimova
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Kunashir Island ◽  
Soil Forming Processes ◽  
Kuril Ridge ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Zonal Soils

The paper deals with compilation of a large-scale soil map for the site of “Kurilsky” nature reserve, located in the southern part of Kunashir island, the Greater Kuril ridge. The islands make a remote and poorly studied area, and the soil is one of the least examined components of the local geosystems. The zonal soils here are cambisoil, but the variety of soil-forming processes characteristic of the island provides a comparative diversity of the cover. Modern volcanism affects the formation process significantly, although its role is sometimes overestimated. The study is based on field surveys performed in the considered area in 2014–2019, during which descriptions of soils were compiled according to standard methods. The map was compiled using a multispectral image of high spatial resolution from the Pleiades-1B satellite and topographic maps. Thus, the abundance of soils from different levels and divisions does not make a significant effect on the general heterogeneity of the territory soil cover due to the small area of intrazonal soils.

Fake Empathy and Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1556-1572
Author(s):  
Jordi Vallverdú ◽  
Toyoaki Nishida ◽  
Yoshisama Ohmoto ◽  
Stuart Moran ◽  
Sarah Lázare
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Human Robot Interaction ◽  
Basic Emotion ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Robot Interaction ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Different Levels

Empathy is a basic emotion trigger for human beings, especially while regulating social relationships and behaviour. The main challenge of this paper is study whether people's empathic reactions towards robots change depending on previous information given to human about the robot before the interaction. The use of false data about robot skills creates different levels of what we call ‘fake empathy'. This study performs an experiment in WOZ environment in which different subjects (n=17) interacting with the same robot while they believe that the robot is a different robot, up to three versions. Each robot scenario provides a different ‘humanoid' description, and out hypothesis is that the more human-like looks the robot, the more empathically can be the human responses. Results were obtained from questionnaires and multi- angle video recordings. Positive results reinforce the strength of our hypothesis, although we recommend a new and bigger and then more robust experiment.

scholarly journals Visual adaptation and microhabitat choice in Lake Victoria cichlid fish

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 181876
Author(s):  
Daniel Mameri ◽  
Corina van Kammen ◽  
Ton G. G. Groothuis ◽  
Ole Seehausen ◽  
Martine E. Maan
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Cichlid Fish ◽  
Visual Sensitivity ◽  
Visual Adaptation ◽  
Repeated Testing ◽  
Cichlid Species ◽  
Habitat Matching

When different genotypes choose different habitats to better match their phenotypes, genetic differentiation within a population may be promoted. Mating within those habitats may subsequently contribute to reproductive isolation. In cichlid fish, visual adaptation to alternative visual environments is hypothesized to contribute to speciation. Here, we investigated whether variation in visual sensitivity causes different visual habitat preferences, using two closely related cichlid species that occur at different but overlapping water depths in Lake Victoria and that differ in visual perception ( Pundamilia spp.). In addition to species differences, we explored potential effects of visual plasticity, by rearing fish in two different light conditions: broad-spectrum (mimicking shallow water) and red-shifted (mimicking deeper waters). Contrary to expectations, fish did not prefer the light environment that mimicked their typical natural habitat. Instead, we found an overall preference for the broad-spectrum environment. We also found a transient influence of the rearing condition, indicating that the assessment of microhabitat preference requires repeated testing to control for familiarity effects. Together, our results show that cichlid fish exert visual habitat preference but do not support straightforward visual habitat matching.

scholarly journals Comparison of Behavior and Space Use of the European Bullhead Cottus gobio and the Round Goby Neogobius melanostomus in a Simulated Natural Habitat

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 821
Author(s):  
Sara Roje ◽  
Bořek Drozd ◽  
Luise Richter ◽  
Jan Kubec ◽  
Zdeněk Polívka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Round Goby ◽  
Space Use ◽  
Neogobius Melanostomus ◽  
Invasion Success ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Cottus Gobio

The round goby is an invasive fish in Europe and North America that threatens native species by predation and competition. Its habitat preferences are similar to those of the European bullhead, which it displaces from shelters and out-competes for available resources. We assessed the microhabitat preferences, shelter use, and activity of the round goby and European bullhead in single-species experiments in habitat simulator systems to investigate their behavior in a novel environment. Fish were video-recorded for 28 h in the presence of shelter and feed with water velocity ranging from 0.00 to 0.96 m s−1. The two species showed similar behavior under given conditions. A primary difference was in stress-induced behavior in the initial phases of observation. The round goby spent more time in movement when outside the shelter and a longer time in the escape zone in the exploration period during light. Our results confirmed a significant preference of round goby for low velocity areas and a preference for higher velocities in the European bullhead. Both species were able to cope with velocities > 0.7 m s−1. Therefore, the reported invasion success of round goby is probably not driven by space use or activity patterns, but rather by higher adaptability.

scholarly journals Diversity and Abundance Dragonflies (Odonata) at Mount Sigogor Nature Reserve Area, Ponorogo Regency, East Java, Indonesia

Jurnal Biota ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
Muhamad Azmi Dwi Susanto ◽  
Saiful Bahri
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
A Value ◽  
Reserve Area ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Water Catchment ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Mount Sigogor Nature Reserve area is a mountainous tropical rain forest, administratively located in Pupus Village, Ngebel District, Ponorogo Regency, East Java, Indonesia. One of the main functions of this nature reserve is as a water catchment area for the villages around the nature reserve area. Water sources and flows within the Mount Sigogor Nature Reserve area have the potential as natural habitat for dragonflies. This study aims to determine the diversity and abundance of dragonflies (Odonata) in the Mount Sigogor Nature Reserve Area. The method of collecting dragonflies data used the Visual Day Flying method by recording the diversity of dragonflies species and counting the number of individuals from each observed dragonflies species. The data obtained were analyzed using the Relative abundance, Shannon-Wiener Heterogeneity Index and the frequency of Presence. The results of the research conducted showed that there were 14 species from 7 families with a total of 464 individuals. The Shannor-Wiener diversity index shows that the diversity value is H'= 1.81. Meanwhile, the presence frequency analysis showed that there were four species with a value of 100% which were classified as abundant Frequency of Presence, namely Euphaea variegata, Vestalis luctuosa, Rhinocypha anisoptera and Coeliccia membranipes.

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