scholarly journals Duration and speed of speech events: A selection of methods

2015 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-83
Author(s):  
Dafydd Gibbon ◽  
Katarzyna Klessa ◽  
Jolanta Bachan

AbstractThe study of speech timing, i.e. the duration and speed or tempo of speech events, has increased in importance over the past twenty years, in particular in connection with increased demands for accuracy, intelligibility and naturalness in speech technology, with applications in language teaching and testing, and with the study of speech timing patterns in language typology. H owever, the methods used in such studies are very diverse, and so far there is no accessible overview of these methods. Since the field is too broad for us to provide an exhaustive account, we have made two choices: first, to provide a framework of paradigmatic (classificatory), syntagmatic (compositional) and functional (discourse-oriented) dimensions for duration analysis; and second, to provide worked examples of a selection of methods associated primarily with these three dimensions. Some of the methods which are covered are established state-of-the-art approaches (e.g. the paradigmatic Classification and Regression Trees, CART , analysis), others are discussed in a critical light (e.g. so-called ‘rhythm metrics’). A set of syntagmatic approaches applies to the tokenisation and tree parsing of duration hierarchies, based on speech annotations, and a functional approach describes duration distributions with sociolinguistic variables. Several of the methods are supported by a new web-based software tool for analysing annotated speech data, the Time Group Analyser.

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Zulfachmi ◽  
Angger Andrea Amanda ◽  
Dedy Jauhari

The increasing need for property in Tanjungpinang City is very growing, especially in the housing sector. Selection of property based on location and facilities and infrastructure is always a consideration for the community in making decisions to buy a property. Difficulty finding property location information in a certain area often occurs, resulting in people not getting references about the properties offered in Tanjungpinang City. The purpose of this research is to create a web-based geographic information system (GIS) regarding the distribution of the number of properties on offer, especially in Tanjungpinang City using a web-based mapping approach. In the development of Property GIS the author uses the Waterfall method and in the analysis of system requirements it is modeled with UML (Unified Modeling Language) and implemented with the PHP programming language and MySQLI database. It is hoped that the results of making this property's geographic information system can help the public to find out information about the distribution of properties offered, such as the location of property coordinates, addresses, prices, property photos, property specification data and property developer data.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian Peter Dammann ◽  
Wolfgang Steger ◽  
Ralph Stelzer

Abstract Product visualization in AR/VR applications requires a largely manual process of data preparation. Previous publications focus on error-free triangulation or transformation of product structure data and display attributes for AR/VR applications. This paper focuses on the preparation of the required geometry data. In this context, a significant reduction in effort can be achieved through automation. The steps of geometry preparation are identified and examined with respect to their automation potential. In addition, possible couplings of sub-steps are discussed. Based on these explanations, a structure for the geometry preparation process is proposed. With this structured preparation process it becomes possible to consider the available computing power of the target platform during the geometry preparation. The number of objects to be rendered, the tessellation quality and the level of detail can be controlled by the automated choice of transformation parameters. We present a software tool in which partial steps of the automatic preparation are already implemented. After an analysis of the product structure of a CAD file, the transformation is executed for each component. Functions implemented so far allow, for example, the selection of assemblies and parts based on filter options, the transformation of geometries in batch mode, the removal of certain details and the creation of UV maps. Flexibility, transformation quality and time savings are described and discussed.


Author(s):  
Maximilian Peter Dammann ◽  
Wolfgang Steger ◽  
Ralph Stelzer

Abstract Product visualization in AR/VR applications requires a largely manual process of data preparation. Previous publications focus on error-free triangulation or transformation of product structure data and display attributes for AR/VR applications. This paper focuses on the preparation of the required geometry data. In this context, a significant reduction in effort can be achieved through automation. The steps of geometry preparation are identified and examined concerning their automation potential. In addition, possible couplings of sub-steps are discussed. Based on these explanations, a structure for the geometry preparation process is proposed. With this structured preparation process, it becomes possible to consider the available computing power of the target platform during the geometry preparation. The number of objects to be rendered, the tessellation quality, and the level of detail can be controlled by the automated choice of transformation parameters. Through this approach, tedious preparation tasks and iterative performance optimization can be avoided in the future, which also simplifies the integration of AR/VR applications into product development and use. A software tool is presented in which partial steps of the automatic preparation are already implemented. After an analysis of the product structure of a CAD file, the transformation is executed for each component. Functions implemented so far allow, for example, the selection of assemblies and parts based on filter options, the transformation of geometries in batch mode, the removal of certain details, and the creation of UV maps. Flexibility, transformation quality, and timesavings are described and discussed.


2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefa D. Martín-Santana ◽  
Eva Reinares-Lara ◽  
Pedro Reinares-Lara

AbstractIn radio, spokesperson credibility is a resource that can improve the effectiveness of a message, and its analysis requires the study of how voice qualities influence the listener. The aims of this study are to design and test the suitability of a scale of radio spokesperson credibility, and to analyse the effect of the phonoaesthetic function – that is, how a spokesperson’s gender, vocal pitch, accent and their interactions affect their credibility. We conducted a 2 × 2 × 2 experimental design via eight radio programmes in which we inserted a radio spot as stimulus material. The hypotheses were tested on a sample of 987 Spanish radio listeners, and the advertised service was blood donation. The results allowed the validation of a scale of spokesperson credibility, traditionally used in audiovisual media, formed by three dimensions (attractiveness, expertise and trustworthiness), and provide several implications for the selection of a spokesperson for radio.


2014 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 127-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Sundvall ◽  
K.R. Gøeg ◽  
A.R. Højen

SummaryInconsistent use of SNOMED CT concepts may reduce comparability of information in health information systems. Terminology implementation should be approached by common strategies for navigating and selecting proper concepts. This study aims to explore ways of illustrating common pathways and ancestors of particular sets of concepts, to support consistent use of SNOMED CT and also assess potential applications for such visualizations.The open source prototype presented is an interactive web-based re-implementation of the terminology visualization tool TermViz that provides an overview of concepts and their hierarchical relations. It provides terminological features such as interactively rearranging graphs, fetching more concept nodes, highlighting least common parents and shared pathways in merged graphs etc.Four teams of three to four people used the prototype to complete a terminology mapping task and then, in focus group interviews, discussed the user experience and potential future tool usage. Potential purposes discussed included SNOMED CT search and training, consistent selection of concepts and content management.The evaluation indicated that the tool may be useful in many contexts especially if integrated with existing systems, and that the graph layout needs further tuning and development.Citation: Højen AR, Sundvall E, Gøeg KR. Methods and applications for visualization of SNOMED CT concept sets. Appl Clin Inf 2014; 5: 127–152http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2013-09-RA-0071


Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (19) ◽  
pp. 6087
Author(s):  
Xavier Dominguez ◽  
Paola Mantilla-Pérez ◽  
Nuria Gimenez ◽  
Islam El-Sayed ◽  
Manuel Alberto Díaz Díaz Millán ◽  
...  

For the validation of vehicular Electrical Distribution Systems (EDS), engineers are currently required to analyze disperse information regarding technical requirements, standards and datasheets. Moreover, an enormous effort takes place to elaborate testing plans that are representative for most EDS possible configurations. These experiments are followed by laborious data analysis. To diminish this workload and the need for physical resources, this work reports a simulation platform that centralizes the tasks for testing different EDS configurations and assists the early detection of inadequacies in the design process. A specific procedure is provided to develop a software tool intended for this aim. Moreover, the described functionalities are exemplified considering as a case study the main wire harness from a commercial vehicle. A web-based architecture has been employed in alignment with the ongoing software development revolution and thus provides flexibility for both, developers and users. Due to its scalability, the proposed software scheme can be extended to other web-based simulation applications. Furthermore, the automatic generation of electrical layouts for EDS is addressed to favor an intuitive understanding of the network. To favor human–information interaction, utilized visual analytics strategies are also discussed. Finally, full simulation workflows are exposed to provide further insights on the deployment of this type of computer platforms.


2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Davis

This paper investigates the role of virtual reality and web technologies in the field of dietetics education. Within this frame, special emphasis is given on the building of web-based virtual learning environments so as to successfully fulfill their educational objectives. In particular, basic pedagogical methods are studied, focusing mainly on the efficient preparation, approach and presentation of learning content, and specific designing rules are presented considering the hypermedia, virtual and educational nature of this kind of applications. The paper also aims to highlight the educational benefits arising from the use of virtual reality technology in dietetics and study the emerging area of web-based dietetic simulations. Virtual reality simulation allows the visualization of data in three dimensions and provides interactive functionalities that reinforce the feeling of immersion into a computer-generated virtual world. Finally, the innovative virtual reality environment for dietetics education pedagogy and development is demonstrated.


Author(s):  
Nigel W.T. Quinn ◽  
Roberta Tassey ◽  
Jun Wang

This chapter describes a new approach to environmental decision support for salinity management in the San Joaquin Basin that focuses on Web-based data sharing using tools such as YSI Econet and continuous data quality management using an enterprise-level software tool WISKI. These tools offer real-time Web-access to sensor data as well as providing the owner full control over the way the data is visualized. The same websites use GIS to superimpose the monitoring site locations on maps of local hydrography and allow point and click access to the data collected at each environmental monitoring site. This information technology suite of software and hardware work together with a watershed simulation model WARMF-SJR to provide timely, reliable, and high quality data and forecasts of river salinity that can used by stakeholder decision makers to ensure compliance with state water quality objectives.


Author(s):  
Marcus Vinicius dos Santos ◽  
Isaac Woungang ◽  
Moses Nyongwa

The increasing importance of e-learning has been a boosting element for the emergence of Internet-based educational tools. As we move into the information age, tremendous efforts are made in the development of new information and communication technologies for educational purposes. The ultimate goal is to facilitate e-learning methodologies and acquisition. The chapter’s contribution is in the area of open source software for technology-enhanced learning. First, we report on the capabilities of Pliant, a novel software framework for Web-based courseware development. Pliant’ design features upon which e-learning capabilities are built are presented, showing that Pliant has some advantages over existing software, including flexibility, efficiency, and universal usability. A case study of the use of Pliant in the project “Multilanguage Database for Localization” developed at the CUSB School of Translation is presented. Second, we present Academia,3 a Pliant-based courseware development Web portal, and its use in translation studies at CUSB.


Author(s):  
Matthew J. Genge

Natural outcrops of rock often have significant topography that makes them difficult to record in field sketches. This chapter describes the methods used to draw outcrops in three dimensions. The concepts of perspective and its influence on the appearance of strata are described as well as the tactics that can be used to simplify the drawing of natural outcrops. Three worked examples of field sketches are included in the chapter to illustrate how best to record the geology exposed on surfaces with significant relief. These include sketching of large three-dimensional outcrops and drawing of coastal cliffs. Common mistakes in drawing outcrops with relief are described.


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