scholarly journals The Peculiarities of Remodelling Muscle Tissue of Rats Under the Vibration Influence

PRILOZI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazar M. Kostyshyn ◽  
Liybov P. Kostyshyn ◽  
Marta I. Servetnyk ◽  
Mechyslav R. Grzegotsky

Abstract Study of the influence of vibration oscillations of different frequency, amplitude and vibration acceleration on the structural and functional state and mechanisms of muscle tissue remodelling. An experimental study was conducted on sexually mature male rats. The rats of the four experimental groups were subjected to vertical vibration oscillations of 15, 25, 50 and 75 Hz, respectively. It has been established that pathological changes in muscle tissue in the form of different variants of damage and remodelling tend to increase, which correlates with the frequency of vibration, amplitude and vibration acceleration level, as in the 2nd group, where the maximum permissible vibration levels did not exceed the established allowable norms, and in other groups of animals, where the permissible levels of total vibration were exceeded. By increasing vibration acceleration for more than 1.25 m/s2 (0.13 g, frequency more than 25 Hz and amplitude of 2 mm), severe damages are observed in the form of alterative changes of muscle fibres with the disappearance of transverse strain, homogenization of sarcoplasm, fragmentation with dissociation fibres on separate beams, partial and subtotal myocytolysis, and necrosis of separate fibres. Inflammation is rapidly increasing with the increase in the frequency of vibration and the level of vibration acceleration for more than 5.0 m/s2 (0.51 g).

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Popel’

This article reports the study of histo-ultrastructural changes of different structural components of the direct muscle of the thigh of sexually mature male rats over a prolonged period of hypokinesia and subsequent application of physical loading of average aerobic power. Using a light optical, electron microscope (for the exposure of structural transformations of muscle components) and histochemical (for determination of activity of succinate dehydrogenase according to the Nahlas method to identify muscle fibers with different phenotypes) methods, we studied the structural manifestations of adaptation of muscle fibres under prolonged (240 day) hypokinesia and 15–30 episodes of physical loading of average aerobic power in the posthypokinetic period among 55 sexually mature rats. Under prolonged hypokinesis we primarily observed changes in the intramuscular network and morphometric changes in the blood vessels. These data closely correlate with the progression of changes of the subcellular components responsible for energetic and flexible balance of muscle fibres. We found that fast oxygen-glycolytic muscle fibers and their peripheral nervous apparatus are the most sensitive to prolonged hypokinesia. As a result of application of physical loading of average aerobic power, reparative regeneration is intensified, which substantially shortens the period of recovery of structural-functional properties of skeletal muscles in the conditions of hypokinetic disorders. Thus, in prolonged hypokinesia, changes primarily affect the sources of blood supply to skeletal muscles, with the secondary development of reverse processes in muscle fibers and peripheral nervous apparatus with certain morphometric signs. 


2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 388-392
Author(s):  
Heng Zhang ◽  
Miao Miao Huo ◽  
Lei Meng ◽  
Xiao Shi An

Through site test, the paper conducts site test to vertical vibration accelerations when a train passes through steel rails and tunnel walls at a steel spring floating slab track section and a general track section in the tunnel of Yizhuang Line of Beijing Metro. The paper also conducts comparative analysis of the accelerations in time domain and frequency domain. It is shown in results that the vibration acceleration level of the steel spring floating slab track in time domain is reduced by 22 dB in tunnel walls in comparison with the general track; in the frequency domain, the vibration effect is gradually increased with frequency increase and reaches the optimal effect in medium-high frequency. The maximum vibration attenuation quantity of frequency division reaches up to 40 dB; and the maximum Z weighted vibration acceleration level is reduced by 22 dB.


2013 ◽  
Vol 639-640 ◽  
pp. 930-934
Author(s):  
Quan Min Liu ◽  
Xun Zhang ◽  
Zhi Jun Zhang ◽  
Xiao Zhen Li

On the basis of testing the environmental vibration of the different regions of the elevated station, this paper analyzed the experimental data by the time domain, the vibration acceleration level and spectrum, and some meaningful conclusions are obtained. The vertical Z weighted vibration acceleration level of the office and waiting room achieve 80.7dB, 78.8dB, indicating a serious vibration problem about elevated station, and that some more attention should be paid. Office has an equivalent transverse and longitudinal vibration level; the vertical vibration of the office is slightly larger than the waiting room, but the lateral vibration of the office is obviously lower than the waiting room. The exposure time of the vertical vibration is longer than the horizontal vibration in the same location, and a phase difference exists between them. Lateral vibration of the first floor of the station holds a longer exposure time than the box girder, and has lagged far behind in the box girder. The vertical vibration attenuated slower than the horizontal vibration. The high-frequency vibration is attenuated in the propagation from the box girder to the station floor, while the proportion of low-frequency vibration is improved.


Author(s):  
V.A. Vokina

Long-term consequences of impaired perinatal development are very significant. They appear during the neonatal period and in the first years of life, and persist during ontogenesis. There is little data on the impact of any prenatal factors on the sensitivity of a sexually mature organism to medications. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of early life stress on the development of individual antidepressant sensitivity. Materials and Methods. The authors conducted the experiments on sexually mature outbred male rats. To simulate the early life stress, a standard protocol was used. From the 2nd to 15th days of the postnatal period the pup rats were separated from their mother for 3 hours and kept in an incubator. The open-field test, Porsolt test and Sucrose consumption test were used to determine rat’s anxiety level as well as motor, orientation and exploratory activity at puberty. Then, for 14 days, the rats were intragastrically administered with a fluoxetine solution (10 mg/kg/daily), followed by their full examination. Statistical analysis of results was performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test to compare unrelated groups and Wilcoxon's test to compare related groups. Results. Fluoxetine did not have a pronounced antidepressant effect in animals that survived the early life stress. Such animals demonstrated passive floating during the Porsolt test, without any changes in immobility time. When testing in an open field, a sharp increase in the number of freezing behavior was observed, which was an indicator of an increased anxiety level in animals. Conclusion. The results obtained indicate that the long-term effects of neonatal stress may be associated with a change in antidepressant sensitivity or an increase in development of unwanted adverse reactions. Keywords: early life stress, depression, antidepressants, fluoxetine, rats. Отдаленные последствия нарушения перинатального развития весьма значительны и не только проявляются в период новорожденности и в первые годы жизни, но и сохраняются в период онтогенеза. Данные о влиянии каких-либо пренатальных факторов на чувствительность половозрелого организма к действию лекарственных веществ в доступной литературе представлены незначительно. Цель исследования – оценить роль стресса раннего периода жизни в формировании индивидуальной чувствительности к действию антидепрессантов. Материалы и методы. Эксперименты проведены на половозрелых беспородных крысах-самцах. Для моделирования стресса раннего периода жизни использовали стандартный протокол, подразумевающий отделение детенышей от матери со 2-го по 15-й дни постнатального периода на 3 ч в условиях инкубатора. В половозрелом возрасте проводили оценку уровня тревожности, двигательной и ориентировочно-исследовательской активности крыс в условиях теста открытого поля, теста Порсолта и теста «Потребление раствора сахарозы». Затем в течение 14 дней крысам внутрижелудочно вводили раствор флуоксетина (10 мг/кг/сут), после чего обследование повторяли в том же объеме. Статистический анализ результатов исследования проводили с использованием U-критерия Манна–Уитни для сравнения несвязанных групп и критерия Вилкоксона для сравнения связанных групп. Результаты. У животных, переживших стресс раннего периода жизни, флуоксетин не оказывал выраженного антидепрессантного действия. У данных животных в тесте Порсолта преобладало пассивное плавание, без изменения длительности иммобильности. При тестировании в открытом поле наблюдалось резкое повышение числа актов фризинга, что является показателем повышенного уровня тревожности у животных. Выводы. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что отдаленные последствия неонатального стресса могут быть связанны с изменением чувствительности к действию антидепрессантов или повышением риска развития нежелательных побочных реакций. Ключевые слова: стресс раннего периода жизни, депрессия, антидепрессанты, флуоксетин, крысы.


Actuators ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keigo Ikeda ◽  
Ayato Endo ◽  
Ryosuke Minowa ◽  
Takayoshi Narita ◽  
Hideaki Kato

Active seat suspension has been proposed to improve ride comfort for ultra-compact mobility. Regarding the ride comfort of passengers due to vertical vibration, the authors have confirmed from biometry measurements that reduction of the vibration acceleration does not always produce the best ride comfort for passengers. Therefore, heart rate variability that can quantitatively reflect stress is measured in real time, and a control method was proposed that feeds back to active suspension and confirms its effectiveness by fundamental verification. In this paper, we will confirm the influence of the vibration stress on the psychological state of the occupant by the masking method.


2014 ◽  
Vol 505-506 ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Xiao Chuan Ma ◽  
Wei Luo ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Bao Ru Guo

A vehicle-track-subgrade coupling vibration system model was proposed to analysis the influence of cell plate length to slab track vertical dynamic response. The model was built with finite element method, rail was modeled as space beam element, both track plate and base plate were modeled as shell element, the vertical connections between rail, slab and subgrade were modeled as spring-damper element. The results show that with the cell plate length increases, the vertical vibration displacement of rail, track plate and base plate have decreasing tendency; the vertical vibration acceleration of rail has increasing tendency; the vertical vibration acceleration of track plate and base plate have decreasing tendency.


2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (31) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Джиоев ◽  
Inal Dzhioev ◽  
Джанаев ◽  
Robert Dzhanaev

Anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin, which has proven cardiovascular toxicity, is often used in the treatment of cancer. The research project was carried out in 21 sexually mature Wistar male rats divided into three groups: control group, high-dose experimental group, in which rats were once injected intraperitoneally with doxorubicin hydrochloride at a dose of 10 mg/kg and low-dose experimental group, in which animals twice received intraperitoneal 2.5 mg/kg doses of doxorubicinhydrochloride at 10-day interval.An increase of malondialdehyde was revealed in the membranes of red blood cells in the high-dose experimental group, while in the low-dose experimental group a reduction in the levels of malondialdehyde and plasma hydroperoxides as well as a decreasing of catalase activity was observed. Intake of doxorubicin also causes venous hyperemia in wide areas of myocardiumalong with increasing of cardiomyocytic cross striation.


Andrologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Aleem ◽  
V. Padwal ◽  
J. Choudhari ◽  
N. Balasinor ◽  
M. K. Gill-Sharma

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
V.M. Monastyrskyi

The evaluation of renal measurements such as length, width and thickness, volume is important in the diagnosis and treatment of many renal disorders, since there is a close relationship between the sizes of the kidneys and its function. The purpose of the study was to establish and compare during the postoperative period changes in the mass and sizes of the kidney left after nephrectomy in the sexually mature male rats. An experimental study was carried out on 84 sexually mature white male rats weighing 178-194 grams. Animals were divided into two groups: control (42 rats) and experimental (42 rats). In the control group, the animals under ketamine anesthesia were followed by an abdominal cavity dilution, after which the abdominal wall was applied in a row. All animals of the experimental group performed surgical intervention – nephrectomy of the left kidney. The animals were withdrawn from the trial by intra-pleural administration of thiopental-sodium 50 mg/kg after 7, 14, 21, 30, 90 days after nephrectomy. Macroscopic evaluation and description of the kidneys of animals was performed after their removal. Their weight was determined on the laboratory scale of HLR-200 up to 0.1 mg, and the length, width and thickness of the organ were measured with the help of a caliper to an accuracy of 0.05 mm. Calculated the volume of the kidney. The statistical analysis of the obtained results was carried out using the program STATISTICA 5.5 using parametric methods for evaluating the results. It was established that the mass, length, width, thickness and volume of the kidney of animals in the experimental group, as compared with the control group, were statistically significantly higher in all terms of observation. The fraction of the growth of the width and thickness of the single kidney of animals in the experimental group compared with the control animals in the animals was statistically significantly greater than the proportion of kidney growth during the postoperative period. It was found that the largest increase in the mass and thickness of the kidney, as compared with the control group, was observed after 30 days of the postoperative period, and the greatest increase in the length and width of the kidney, as compared with the control group, was observed after 14 days of the postoperative period.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-25
Author(s):  
V. N. Beznosik ◽  
R. V. Beznosik ◽  
A. A. Stadnikov ◽  
N. N. Shevlyuk

The aim of the study was to elucidate the role and significance of oxytocin in reparative histogenesis of tissues of various genesis using the example of periodontal tissues and extrapulmonary airways.Material and methods. Periodontitis and tracheobronchitis were simulated on sexually mature white outbred male rats. Periodontitis was simulated by traumatic injury to the periodontium, followed by the wound infection with Staphylococcus aureus. Introduction of oxytocin as an additional tool was used in the treatment of periodontitis. Experimental tracheobronchitis was simulated in rats by intratracheal infection with S. aureus (strains with and without antilactoferrin activity). Paraventricular large-cell nuclei of the hypothalamus were additionally destroyed in the simulated experimental tracheobronchitis (in order to reduce the production of endogenous oxytocin). The resulting material (the periodontium, alveolar processes, trachea and extrapulmonary bronchi) was examined using histological methods of investigation.Results. Analysis of histological sections demonstrated that when oxytocin was used in the complex therapy of experimental periodontitis, the proliferation and cyto-differentiation of fibroblasts, osteoblasts and cementoblasts was intensified, followed by their activation; this resulted in the optimization of reparative histogenesis in the structures of the periodontium and alveolar ridge. In animals with destruction of the paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus (against the background of an oxytocin deficiency in the body), a decrease in the reparative potential of the tracheal and bronchial mucosa was observed. Moreover, the severity of the inflammatory process in the mucous membrane of the trachea and bronchi with the introduction of staphylococci with antilactoferrin activity was significantly higher than that of animals that were administered staphylococci without antilactoferrin activity.Conclusion. The results obtained indicate the optimizing and correcting effect of the hypothalamic nonapeptide oxytocin on the reparative regeneration of the studied periodontal and the trachea and bronchi structures.


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