scholarly journals Territorial Differences in Living Standards in Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Shukhrat Kurbanov Bekmetovich ◽  
Medetbay Oteuliev Orinbayevich

Abstract The concepts of ‘standard of living’, ‘quality of life’ and ‘lifestyle’ are analysed in a comparative manner. The author has made a rating assessment of the regions of the Republic in terms of living standards based on a set of 10 statistical indicators. As a result, regions of Uzbekistan with a relatively high and relatively low standard of living were identified.

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Sadykov

Subject. This article deals with the issues of social justice and a high quality of life, creating favorable economic and social conditions. Objectives. The article aims to assess the rate and changes in poverty in Russia and the Republic of Bashkortostan and develop complementary measures to reduce it. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of logical, comparative, economic and statistical analyses, the results of sociological studies, and official statistics. Results. The article highlights additional measures to reduce poverty in the region, including the establishment of a minimum social standard of living in each particular region that determines the poverty rate. Conclusions. Various factors, such as economic sanctions, economic slowdowns, territorial and regional imbalances, lead to living standards decline and poverty rise.


Author(s):  
Egor Vladimirovich Eroshin ◽  
◽  
Irina Vyacheslavovna Bogatyreva ◽  

The article considers the indicator of the standard of living of the population as an indicator of the economic characteristics of the quality of life of people, which is a complex socio-economic category. The authors of the article examined various methods for its determination and presented an analysis of the standard of living of the population of the Samara region


2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Bagila MUSTAFAYEVA ◽  
Saule KALTAYEVA ◽  
Ainura SAPAROVA ◽  
Elvira ALIMKULOVA ◽  
Meruert KULBAYEVA

The purpose of the present study is analyzing the trends of agricultural pollutions and their impact on the health of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The main research methods include a bibliographic review of the literature on the research subject, as well as qualitative and quantitative analysis of statistical indicators of agricultural production development, and the dynamics of agroecological indicators of the Republic of Kazakhstan. To assess the impact of agricultural changes on the quality of life associated with the health of the population, the analysis of secondary data of sociological research conducted by the Environmental Fund of Kazakhstan was carried out. The results of the study show that since 1999 the agriculture of the Republic of Kazakhstan has undergone structural changes which are characterized by active mechanization, intensification, and specialization. At the same time, the widespread use of fertilizers and pesticides, as well as irrigation, the growth of pollution from livestock, and the employment of heavy machinery have adverse effects on water and soil.


1992 ◽  
Vol 161 (6) ◽  
pp. 797-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Skantze ◽  
Ulf Malm ◽  
Sven J. Dencker ◽  
Philip R. A. May ◽  
Patrick Corrigan

Standard of living reflects the objective dimension of how well the basic needs of life are met, while quality of life is the patient's own subjective view of well-being and satisfaction with her/his life. Sixty-one schizophrenic out-patients completed self-report inventories and participated in interviews about quality of life and standard of living. When living standards were met by a well functioning social service system, patients' perceptions of their quality of life and their standard of living appeared to be independent. Subsequent analyses revealed that ‘inner experiences' was one quality-of-life domain frequently reported as unsatisfactory. Moreover, differences in quality of life were found across patients' age, education, and work status.


The application of cluster analysis by the method of k – means local self-government bodies of the Republic of Uzbekistan is examined from the standpoint of the state of self-government bodies, as well as the level and quality of life of the population. Based on statistical information, the paper presents the results of the division of regions according to key indicators of self-government bodies. In the course of the study, five clusters were identified: with a low, below average, average, above average, and a high state of development of self-government. To characterize the self-governing bodies of the Khorezm region, statistics were used on self-governing bodies (population) and some system of socio-economic indicators of the level and quality of life (average per capita total income of the population, average per capita real income of the population, number of crimes and unemployment, facilities and municipal facilities , living area per inhabitant, etc.).


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Dajić ◽  
Maja Staletović ◽  
Jelena Dajić

In economic theory and practice, the term standard of living has emerged in recent decades. It was created as a suitable response to problems related to people’s lives, regional inequalities in the level of development and served as an acceptable concept for more complex valorization of development potentials, especially in rural areas. The subject of the research is a comparative analysis of the quality of life in Serbia and Northern Macedonia according to Numbeo database. The aim of this paper is to point out the importance of living standards from both economic and sociological aspects, as well as to review the position of Serbia and Northern Macedonia in relation to other countries in the region based on the analysis of collected data and research. The reason for the comparative presentation of Serbia and Northern Macedonia is that the quality of life is at an approximate level. The salary of employees in education in these countries represents an average income that is sufficient for a satisfactory quality of life. The standard of living of a country depends on a number of factors such as political factors, economic factors, demographic, environmental and cultural factors.


Author(s):  
А.М. Рахметова ◽  
Е.Г. Будешов ◽  
A. Rakhmetova ◽  
Ye. Budeshov

В статье обоснована объективная необходимость совершенствования государственного управления качеством жизни населения в Республике Казахстан, путем анализа системы показателей здравоохранения, которые оказывают влияние на его развитие. Авторами выявлен ряд нерешенных проблем на основе проведенного сравнительно-сопоставительного анализа основных показателей системы здравоохранения и предложены соответствующие рекомендации в части совершенствования механизма управления сферой здравоохранения, с учетом возможной адаптации передовой практики развитых европейских государств. Особое внимание авторами уделяется анализу системы здравоохранения Республики Казахстан, как важнейшему аспекту в государственном управлении качеством жизни населения страны, в частности таким показателям, как: естественное движение населения, коэффициенты смертности населения, уровень обеспеченности населения медицинским персоналом и инфраструктура, основным показателям финансирования системы здравоохранения – которые в комплексе позволяют обеспечить высокое качество жизни населения и устойчивое социально-экономическое развитие страны. При проведении исследования авторами были использованы статистические приемы и методы (сбор, анализ и сравнение данных). В частности, на основе анализа ряда показателей, используемых для измерения прогресса и достижения цели авторами предусмотрены ключевые национальные индикаторы, характеризующие качество жизни населения и результаты процесса государственного управления системой здравоохранения. Учитывая, что система государственного управления в Республике Казахстан ориентирована на повышение социально-экономического и уровень такого институционального развития, который не уступает уровню развития стран – членов Организации экономического сотрудничества и развития (далее – ОЭСР), авторами предложены рекомендации для достижения этой цели. This paper substantiates the objective need to improve the state management of the quality of life in the Republic of Kazakhstan by analyzing the system of health indicators affecting its development. Based on a comparative analysis of the main health system indicators, the authors identify a number of unresolved issues and propose appropriate recommendations for improving the management mechanism of the health sector, also considering possible adaptation of best practices of developed European countries. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the healthcare system of the Republic of Kazakhstan as the most important aspect in public management of the living standards, in particular such indicators as: natural population movement, mortality rates, the level of availability of health personnel and infrastructure, core indicators of financing of the health system – which together ensure a high quality of life and sustainable socio-economic development of the country. During the study, the authors used statistical techniques and methods (data collection, analysis and comparison). In particular, based on the analysis of a number of indicators used to measure progress and achieve the goal, the authors provide key national indicators that characterize the living standards and the results of the public healthcare system administration process. Taking into account that the system of public administration in the Republic of Kazakhstan focuses on increasing socio-economic and the level of such institutional development that is well up to the level of development of the member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (hereinafter referred to as the OECD), the authors propose recommendations for achieving this goal.


Author(s):  
K. K. PRIMZHAROVA ◽  
◽  
А. А. SADYKOV ◽  
В. А. ZHAKUPOVA ◽  
◽  
...  

This article analyzes the indicators of quality and standard of living of the population of Mangistau region. The analysis of indicators that affect the standard of living of the Mangistau region is carried out here. It was analyzed with a graph of its relationship with each other and how it grows. In the future, a pair regression is created and a regression is predicted to obtain indicators of the population’s standard of living. In particular, the priorities of the region itself were outlined, such as high wages for the population. When writing the article, we used comparative methods of analysis of socio-economic, statistical indicators and a research system. In the course of the work, the results of scientific research in this area were carried out.


2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 123-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grażyna Karmowska ◽  
Mirosława Marciniak

The aim of this paper is to present the results of research on the variation in the standard of living and quality of life of the inhabitants of Central and Eastern European and the Balkan countries previously belonging to the Soviet sphere of influence. Nineteen post-communist countries were selected for this research, including: seven from the group of post-socialist countries, seven post-Soviet countries, and five from former Yugoslavia. The research procedure adopted involved static (comparative analysis of life quality indexes - Quality of Life Inde X(QLI) and Human Development Index (HDI) and dynamic (assessment of standard of living based on synthetic taxonomic measures for the years 2007 and 2012) data analysis. The findings indicate a significant variation in the living standards among the inhabitants of post-communist countries. Depending on the scope and accuracy of the quality life measures used, the countries’ ranking positions show a slight variation, though in all cases similar trends are noticeable. The countries of former Czechoslovakia (the Czech and the Slovak Republics) show the highest standard of living. Other countries belonging to the EU also ranked relatively high. Such Balkan states as Albania, Moldova, Bosnia and Herzegovina ranked poorly. The results of multidimensional analysis confirmed these findings and, moreover, allowed for the determination of the trends in living conditions in particular countries. In 2007 a higher-than-average standard of living was identified in nine countries, whereas in 2012 this was the case for 10 countries. As compared to 2007, GDP growth was observed in 16 countries, as well as improvements in health care (increases in health care outlays) and increases in the number of Internet users. However, some phenomena may be disturbing – the rise in unemployment (16 countries), decline in population growth (9 countries) and growing inflation (7 countries). To recapitulate, the standard of living enjoyed by the population of postcommunist countries is gradually improving, though the pace of changes and trends vary across those countries. What’s more, the results show that with the exception of those countries which are EU members, belonging to specific groups of post-communist countries (post-socialist, post-Soviet and former Yugoslavia) does not affect significantly their populations’ standard of living and quality of life.


2020 ◽  
Vol 184 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 133-153
Author(s):  
Aibota Rakhmetova ◽  
◽  
Yeraly Budeshov ◽  

We examine quality of life issues in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Based on systematization of theoretical approaches to the definition of a concept and structure of living standards found in scientific literature and their critical analysis, we have identified and justified the fundamental structural blocks of the quality of life as a complex aggregate indicator reflecting the level of development of many areas of a modern person’s life together affecting the degree of his or her life activity’s efficiency. Using an extensive range of statistical data and tools of economic and mathematical modeling, we aim to identify the degree of influence of macroeconomic indicators that characterize certain areas of human life (healthcare, education, living conditions, security, income level, etc.) on living standards. Given the above, the central hypothesis of this study is that public management of the quality of life in the Republic of Kazakhstan can be more effective if it provides a scientifically grounded system of tools based on the assessment of the quality of life which takes into account both regional and industry specifics, feedback from the population as a recipient of public services, and is based on the principle of integration and consistency of state body management decisions. Results we have obtained imply the existence of a correlation between such quantitative indicators as natural growth, a number of pension recipients, the Gini coefficient and the quality of life index determined by qualitative indicators: general life satisfaction of the population and the level of perception of happiness. Results of the study confirm current trends in the socio-economic development of Kazakhstan, characterized by income inequality issues in both intersectoral and interregional sections, aggravated against the background of the global pandemic threat, the recession of a prolonged nature, and other external shocks and challenges. Based on the results obtained, the authors conclude that the key causes of socio-economic differentiation in Kazakhstan are associated with a weak institutional environment and weak performance of formal institutions. The quality of institutions impacts the process of socio-economic development in a creative way, including through the formation of an appropriate institutional environment regulating the entire set of socio-economic relations. This circumstance emphasizes the priority of challenges state management bodies face in the context of improving the existing institutional environment, which allows determination of rational behavior boundaries for people and economic entities to optimize and stabilize the socio-economic development of the state as a whole. We have developed and proposed a number of suggestions and recommendations for improving the existing institutional environment and the system of state management, practical implementation of which should reduce the existing large gap in income levels as the main factor of living standards in Kazakhstan.


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