scholarly journals Does an Alteration in Nociceptive Response to Mineral Components of Dental Composites Involve Changes in Oxidative Status? a Brief Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalija Arsenijevic ◽  
Jovana Milenkovic ◽  
Pavle Milanovic ◽  
Aleksandra Arnaut ◽  
Milica Jovanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Dental Composites ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Nociceptive Response ◽  
Thermal Stimulus ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Mineral Components

Abstract Since that use of bioactive mineral components of dental composites have been accompanied with various toxicities, including neurotoxicity, the aim of the study was to examine the effect of chronic application of hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate and amorphous calcium phosphate in nanoparticles (nHA, nTCP, nACP) to parameters of sensitivity to thermal pain stimuli. Although the systemic toxicity of those compounds is frequently attributed to an oxidative damage, we also decided to examine the potential effects of Filipendula ulmaria extract on nociception alterations induced by the nano-sized mineral components of dental composites. Forty-two Wistar albino rats were divided into control and six experimental (equal) groups that orally received either nHA, nTCP, nACP alone, or simultaneously with FU extract for 30 days. Nociceptive alterations were quantified in the hot plate and tail flick test. The chronic administration of nHA and nACP resulted in significant increase in reactivity to thermal stimulus, with no significant change observed in nTCP group when compared to the control in the hot plate test, while simultaneous application of FU extract prevented any significant alteration of time to respond. The reaction time in the tail flick test for all three groups that received only nano calcium phosphates was reduced, with no changes in the groups treated with FU extract. The results of this study confirmed that calcium phosphates of mineral components of dental composites produced hyperalgesic effects, and this side effect were significantly attenuated by antioxidant supplementation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the analgesic activity of the water soluble extract of stem of Tinospora cordifolia in experimentally induced pain in albino rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 938
Author(s):  
Sumanlata . ◽  
Akanksha Suman ◽  
Rajeev Kumar Sharma ◽  
Meenakshi Jindal ◽  
Adnan Khan
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Soluble Extract ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Water Soluble Extract

Background: Pain and pyrexia are the warning signals, primarily protective in nature, that cause discomfort and suffering and may even be unbearable and incapacitating. The modern drugs (like opioids, NSAIDs, corticosteroids) currently used for the management of pain, fever and inflammatory conditions, present with many known adverse effects. Tinospora cordifolia known as Giloe, widely used in folk medicine due to its property to cure a number of diseases. Hence the present study was undertaken to explore the analgesic activity of water-soluble extract of stem of T. cordifolia in albino rats in experimentally induced pain.Methods: Present study was done in the department of pharmacology, albino rats were used to study the analgesic activity of T. cordifolia aqueous extract at the dose of 1.25g/kg,2.5g/kg and 5g/kg p.o. Various methods like Eddy’s hot plate, tail flick test and acetic acid induced writhing were used for the anti- nociceptive study.Results: In Eddy’s hot plate and tail flick test an increase in reaction time was observed with peak effect at 90min. Results were similar to the standard drug Tramadol in acetic acid induced writhing increase in time of onset, decrease in number and duration of writhing was observed.Conclusions: Aqueous extract of T. cordifolia was effective in all the three models of pain suggesting its possible action by central and peripheral mechanisms. Activity of T. cordifolia can be attributed to various phytoconstituents viz. protoberberine alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides and polysaccharides. It can be developed as potent analgesic agent in future.

scholarly journals The Anti-Nociceptive Potential of Tulathromycin against Chemically and Thermally Induced Pain in Mice

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1247
Author(s):  
Mohamed Elbadawy ◽  
Amira Abugomaa ◽  
Hussein M. El-Husseiny ◽  
Ahmed S. Mandour ◽  
Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Acute Pain ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Nociceptive Response ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Significant Prolongation ◽  
Dose Dependent

The present study was conducted to evaluate the analgesic potential of the new triamilide macrolide antibiotic, tulathromycin, at 20 and 40 mg/kg of body weight (BW), subcutaneously against acute pain in mice. Acute pain was induced either chemically (using acetic acid-induced writhing and formalin-induced pain tests) or thermally (using hot-plate, and tail-flick tests). In the acetic acid-induced writhing test, tulathromycin induced a dose-dependent and significant decrease in the number of writhes compared with the control group. In the late phase of the formalin test, a significant decline in hind paw licking time compared with the control group was observed. In the hot-plate and tail-flick tests, tulathromycin caused a dose-dependent and significant prolongation of latency of nociceptive response to heat stimuli, compared with the control group. These findings may indicate that tulathromycin possesses significant peripheral and central analgesic potentials that may be valuable in symptomatic relief of pain, in addition to its well-established antibacterial effect.

scholarly journals Structural and Functional Characterization of Conotoxins from Conus achatinus Targeting NMDAR

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiujie Liu ◽  
Ge Yao ◽  
Kang Wang ◽  
Yanli Liu ◽  
Xiukun Wan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Snail Species ◽  
Thermal Stimulus ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Cone Snail ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Linear Peptide

Conotoxin-Ac1 and its variant conotoxin-Ac1-O6P, were isolated from the venom duct of Conus achatinus, a fish-hunting cone snail species collected in the Sea of Hainan, China. Conotoxin-Ac1 is linear peptide that contain 15 amino acids. In the present study, we synthesized and structurally and functionally characterized conotoxin-Ac1 as well as 19 variants. Electrophysiological results showed that conotoxin-Ac1 inhibited N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit 2B (NR2B) with an IC50 of 8.22 ± 0.022 μM. Further structure-activity studies of conotoxin-Ac demonstrated that polar amino acid residues were important for modulating its active, and the replacement of N1, O9, E10, and S12 by Ala resulted in a significant decrease in potency to NR2B. °Furthermore, conotoxin-Ac1 and conotoxin-Ac1-O6P were tested in hot-plate and tail-flick assays to measure the potential analgesic activity to an acute thermal stimulus in a dose-dependent manner. Subsequently, the analgesic activity of conotoxin-Ac1 mutants was analyzed by the hot-plate method. The results show that N1, Y2, Y3, E10, N11, S12, and T15 play an important role in the analgesic activity of conotoxin-Ac1. N1 and S12 have significant effects on conotoxin-Ac1 in inhibiting NR2B and analgesic activity. In conclusion, we have discovered that conotoxin-Ac1 is an inhibitor of NMDAR and displays antinociceptive activity.

Analgesia and autonomic function following intrathecal administration of morphine and norepinephrine to the rat

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 656-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Loomis ◽  
F. W. Cervenko ◽  
K. Jhamandas ◽  
M. Sutak ◽  
B. Milne
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Drug Infusion ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Hot Plate Test ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Plate Test

The acute intrathecal (i.t.) administration of 10, 25, 50, and 100 μg morphine and 7.5, 10, 15, and 30 μg (−)norepinephrine (NE) to the rat produced dose-dependent, long-lasting analgesia as assessed by the tail-flick and hot-plate tests. For i.t. morphine, maximum analgesia was observed 30–60 min after drug administration. The duration of analgesia in the tail-flick test ranged from 30 to 150 min; the duration of analgesia in the hot-plate test ranged from 60 to 120 min. For i.t. NE, maximum analgesia was observed 15–60 min after drug infusion. The duration of NE-induced analgesia in the hot-plate test ranged from 45 to 120 min and was 120 min in the tail-flick test. The effects of acute i.t. and intravenous (i.v.) infusions of morphine (10 μg) and NE (15 μg) on heart rate, blood pressure, arterial pH, partial pressure of oxygen [Formula: see text], partial pressure of carbon dioxide [Formula: see text], and standard bicarbonate were determined over 45 min in rats anesthetized with α-chloralose (70 mg/kg). Morphine significantly decreased [Formula: see text] throughout the experiment but did not affect blood pressure, heart rate, pH, [Formula: see text] and standard bicarbonate. A significant increase in blood pressure (137% of control) was observed 2.5 min after i.t. administration of NE. Intravenous NE produced a marked increase in blood pressure (246% of control) followed by a compensatory decrease in heart rate. There were no significant changes in blood gases with i.t. and i.v. NE. The data suggest that i.t. morphine and NE can produce effective analgesia with minimal effects on cardiovascular and respiratory function.

scholarly journals Synthesis and analgesic activities of some new 5-chloro-2(3H)-benzoxazolone derivatives

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Mulazim ◽  
Cevdet Berber ◽  
Hakkı Erdogan ◽  
Melike Hacer Ozkan ◽  
Banu Kesanli
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Hot Plate Test ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Analgesic Activities

Abstract Affordable and practical synthesis methods in drug development have always been very attractive. Herein, microwave assisted synthesis was utilized to prepare piperazine substituted 5-chloro-2(3H)-benzoxazolone derivatives in 5 minutes. Structural characterization of these 5-chloro-2(3H)-benzoxazolone derivatives was achieved by IR, NMR, ESI-MS and elemental analysis. Since these types of compounds have been shown to have anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities there biological activities were also examined. Indomethacin (INDO) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) were used as reference. Carrageenan-induced hind paw edema in mice test was used to study anti-inflammatory activity. Compound 1 (100 mg / kg dose) showed the longest anti-inflammatory activity among the title compounds synthesized. For the analgesic activities, both hot-plate and tail-flick tests were employed. Compound 3 was found to have the highest activity in the hot-plate test whereas in the tail-flick test, compounds 1 and 2 showed higher anti-nociceptive activity.

scholarly journals The Beneficial Role of Filipendula ulmaria Extract in Prevention of Prodepressant Effect and Cognitive Impairment Induced by Nanoparticles of Calcium Phosphates in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Natalija Arsenijevic ◽  
Dragica Selakovic ◽  
Jelena S. Katanic Stankovic ◽  
Vladimir Mihailovic ◽  
Slobodanka Mitrovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Dental Composites ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Object Recognition Test ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Filipendula Ulmaria ◽  
Regenerative Dentistry

Mineral components of dental composites are used in many medical and dental applications, including preventive, restorative, and regenerative dentistry. To evaluate the behavioural alterations induced by nanosized particles of novel dental composites, by means of depressive level and cognitive functions, experimental groups of rats were chronically administered with nanosized hydroxyapatite (HA), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), and amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) with or without simultaneous application of Filipendula ulmaria L. (FU) methanolic extract. The significant prodepressant action was observed in groups solely treated with HA and ACP. Besides, prolonged treatment with ACP also resulted in a significant decline in cognitive functions estimated in the novel object recognition test. The adverse impact of calcium phosphates on estimated behavioural functions was accompanied by increased oxidative damage and apoptotic markers in the prefrontal cortex, as well as diminished specific neurotrophin (BDNF) and gabaergic expression. The results of our investigation showed that simultaneous antioxidant supplementation with FU extract prevented calcium phosphate-induced behavioural disturbances, as well as prooxidative and apoptotic actions, with the simultaneous restoration of BDNF and GABA-A receptors in the prefrontal cortex. These findings suggest that FU may be useful in the prevention of prodepressant impact and cognitive decline as early as the manifestation of calcium phosphate-induced neurotoxicity.

scholarly journals Changes in the nociceptive response to thermal stimulation in rats following administration of N-terminal analogs of the adrenocorticotropic hormone

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
S.A. Dodonova ◽  
I.I. Bobyntsev ◽  
A.E. Belykh ◽  
L.A. Andreeva ◽  
N.F. Myasoedov
Keyword(s):  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Regulatory Peptides ◽  
Structural Analog ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Nociceptive Response ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Wide Range

Melanocortins (MCs) are an increasingly studied class of regulatory peptides exerting a wide range of biological effects. All naturally occurring MCs share a His-Phe-Arg-Trp fragment (HFRW) corresponding to the sequence of amino acid residues 6–9 of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH6-9), which is also a central active component of ACTH. Attaching the Pro-Gly-Pro (PGP) sequence to the C-end of the peptide extends the duration of the peptide’s effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ACTH6-9-PGP (HFRWPGP) on the spinal and supraspinal mechanisms involved in the nociceptive response in rats and to compare them to those of its structural analog ACTH4-7-PGP (MEHFPGP). ACTH6-9-PGP effects were studied following the intraperitoneal administration of the peptide at doses 0.5, 1.5, 5, 15, 50, 150, or 450 μg/kg 15 minutes before the hot plate and tail flick tests. ACTH4-7-PGP effects were studied under the same conditions at the following doses: 50, 150 and 450 μg/kg. We found that ACTH6-9-PGP administered intraperitoneally at 5 or 150 μg/kg induced a pronounced reduction in pain sensitivity 15 and 45 minutes after the injection (p = 0.04); this effect was implemented via supraspinal mechanisms. In the tail flick test, 150 μg/kg ACTH6-9-PGP increased pain sensitivity, with the participation of segmental spinal mechanisms (p = 0.04). ACTH4-7-PGP did not have any effect on the studied mechanisms of pain sensitivity. Thus, unlike ACTH4-7-PGP, ACTH6-9-PGP can both increase pain sensitivity and exert an analgesic effect.

scholarly journals CNS Activity of Myristica fragrans Houtt. - An Experimental Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
Ankita Mishra ◽  
Syed Ziaur Rahman ◽  
Rahat Ali Khan
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Hot Plate Test ◽  
Tail Flick Test ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Myristica Fragrans Houtt

Objective: To evaluatethe role of Myristica fragrans Houtt. for its analgesic, sedative and anxiogenic activity.Method: Charles Foster rats were administered orally the ethanolic extract (EEMF) and fractions of extract in ethyl acetate (EAMF), chloroform (CMF), and n-hexane (HMF). They were screened for sedative activity using Pentobarbitone sleep potentiation test, analgesic activity using Eddy’s hot plate and Tail flick test; and anxiogenic or anxiolytic activity using Open field test.Result: In pentobarbitone induced sleep potentiation test, the ethanolic extract (EEMF) and ethyl acetate fraction (EAMF) showed significant decrease in latency of sleep and highly significant increase in duration of sleep. In Open field test, EEMF, EAMF and HMF showed highly significant decrease in locomotion parameters as shown by decrease in rearing, preening and ambulation. In Eddy’s hot plate test and Tail flick test, highly significant increase in reaction time was seen in EEMF, EAMF, HMF groups.Conclusion: The observed results suggest that Myristica fragrans has analgesic, anxiogenic and sedative activity.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(1) 2018 p.98-106

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