Early post-fire changes in Pinus brutia forests (Amanos Mountains, Turkey)

Early post-fire changes inPinus brutiaforests (Amanos Mountains, Turkey)We studied the species composition and soil nutrients in aPinus brutiaforest after a fire that occurred in 1989. Four permanent plots were created in the burnt and not burnt areas in the Amanos Mountains of Turkey. The floristic richness, biological spectra, above ground phytomass and soil features in the study areas were assessed during the first three years after the fire. After the fire, we found a reduced amount of organic matter (14.3%), total nitrogen (22%) and soil water saturation (13.1%), but an increased amount of available phosphorus (71%), acidity (3.6%), cation exchange capacity (9.9%), exchangeable sodium (20.8%) and exchangeable potassium (37.1%). The aboveground phytomass in the burned area reached 5284 kg ha-1, the third year after the fire. Forty-six pre-fire species were renewed in the first three years after the fire.Juniperus oxycedruscould not renew within three years after the fire. Pine phytomass has increased five times within three years after the fire.

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Soil Chemical Properties and Fire Severity Assessment Using VNIR Proximal Spectroscopy in Fire-Affected Abandoned Orchard of Mediterranean Croatia

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy12010129 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 129

Author(s):

Ivana Šestak ◽

Paulo Pereira ◽

Leon Josip Telak ◽

Aleksandra Perčin ◽

Iva Hrelja ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fire Severity ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Soil Chemical Properties ◽

Burned Area ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Least Squares Regression ◽

Burned Areas ◽

Soil Features ◽

Reflectance Data

This paper aims to evaluate the ability of VNIR proximal soil spectroscopy to determine post-fire soil chemical properties and discriminate fire severity based on soil spectra. A total of 120 topsoil samples (0–3 cm) were taken from 6 ha of unburned (control (CON)) and burned areas (moderate fire severity (MS) and high fire severity (HS)) in Mediterranean Croatia within one year after the wildfire. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) and an artificial neural network (ANN) were used to build calibration models of soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), CaCO3, plant-available phosphorus (P2O5) and potassium (K2O), soil organic carbon (SOC), exchangeable calcium (exCa), magnesium (exMg), potassium (exK), sodium (exNa), and cation exchange capacity (CEC), based on soil reflectance data. In terms of fire severity, CON samples exhibited higher average reflectance than MS and HS samples due to their lower SOC content. The PCA results pointed to the significance of the NIR part of the spectrum for extracting the variance in reflectance data and differentiation between the CON and burned area (MS and HS). DA generated 74.2% correctly classified soil spectral samples according to the fire severity. Both PLSR and ANN calibration techniques showed sensitivity to extract information from soil features based on hyperspectral reflectance, most successfully for the prediction of SOC, P2O5, exCa, exK, and CEC. This study confirms the usefulness of soil spectroscopy for fast screening and a better understanding of soil chemical properties in post-fire periods.

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Estimating soil water saturation from morphological soil indicators in a pedologically contrasted Mediterranean region

Geoderma ◽

10.1016/s0016-7061(02)00132-5 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 108 (3-4) ◽

pp. 225-235 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

C Tassinari ◽

P Lagacherie ◽

R Bouzigues ◽

J.P Legros

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Mediterranean Region ◽

Water Saturation ◽

Soil Indicators ◽

Soil Water Saturation

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Adsorption of Copper in Soil and its Dependence on Physical and Chemical Properties

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun201866010219 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 66 (1) ◽

pp. 219-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vítězslav Vlček ◽

Miroslav Pohanka

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Total Content ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Soil Reaction ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Copper Adsorption ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium ◽

Physical And Chemical

Soil samples (n = 11) were collected in the chernozem areas of the Czech Republic (the Central Europe) from the topsoil and used as representative samples. All sampling areas have been used for agricultural purposes (arable soil) and they were selected as typical representatives of agricultural soil. These samples represented the soil with same genesis (to reduction differencies between soil types) but with different soil properties (physical and chemical). Complete chemical and physical analyses were made for confirmation of copper adsorption on solid phase: we analysed the particle size distribution, content of oxidizable carbon (Cox), the cation exchange capacity (CEC), supply of exchange calcium, magnesium, sodium, phosphorus and potassium, soil reaction and the total supply of Fe, Al, Mn, Ca, Mg, K, P and N. The strongest simple correlation between analysed soil properties and copper concentration had content of available magnesium (r = 0.44) and available phosphorus (r = −0.51). In the case of multiple correlations (i. e. collective influence of multiple soil properties) had the strongest influence combination of clay, soil reaction, total content of phosphorus, available magnesium and available phosphorus. The main influence of phosphorus and magnesium is evident. We suppose that copper and phosphorus enter into specific complex. Influence of these five soil properties can explain 92.7 % (r = 0.927) changes in the content of copper changes in the experiment.

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Liming Effects of Sawdust Ash and Lime on Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Yield in Acidic Soil of Southeastern Nigeria

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science ◽

10.9734/ijpss/2019/v28i530121 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

C. V. Ogbenna ◽

V. E. Osodeke

Keyword(s):

Soil Ph ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Acidic Soil ◽

Soil Chemical Properties ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Yield Data ◽

Southeastern Nigeria ◽

Head Weight

Aim: A pot experiment was carried out to determine the effect of sawdust ash and lime (Ca(OH)2) on soil characteristics and yield of sunflower in acidic soil of southeastern Nigeria. Study Design: The experiment was laid out in split-plot design, using sawdust ash (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 t ha-1) as the sub plot and lime (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 t ha-1) as the main plot. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted outdoors at Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria, during the 2010 planting season. Materials and Methods: Treatment combinations were applied to the 60 buckets containing soil, mixed thoroughly and watered adequately. After 1 week of treatment application, two sunflower seeds were planted and later thinned to one seedling per bucket. Plant growth and yield data were collected. Pre planting and post-harvest soil samples were collected and analyzed for soil properties. Results: Results showed that with the exception of organic carbon there was significant effect of treatments on all soil chemical properties. Lime and sawdust ash (SDA) as single and combined treatments significantly increased total nitrogen (P=0.05), available phosphorus (P<0.010), and base saturation (P<0.012). The interaction between SDA and lime significantly (P=0.05) increased total exchangeable bases and effective cation exchange capacity, while soil pH was significantly increased (P=0.05) by single applications. The increases in soil chemical properties led to significant positive response of the sunflower. With the exception of number of leaves, other plant parameters (Plant height, stem diameter, head weight, 50 seed weight, head diameter) had significant increases for sawdust ash alone at P=0.05. Correlation studies showed positive significant relationship between soil pH and sunflower yield. Conclusion: The study showed that sunflower performed best at the combination of 3 tha-1 SDA and 1.5 t ha-1 lime producing a mean head weight of 45.4 g.

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Classification and assessment of agricultural potential of the lower Niger floodplain soils of Atani, Southeastern Nigeria

Agro-Science ◽

10.4314/as.v19i3.9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 51-61

Author(s):

F.C. Okenmuo ◽

C.O. Anochie ◽

M.E. Ukabiala ◽

C.L.A. Asadu ◽

P.K. Kefas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Classification ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Soil Taxonomy ◽

Southeastern Nigeria ◽

Reference Base ◽

Anambra State ◽

Agricultural Potential ◽

Capability Evaluation

The soils of Atani floodplain in Anambra State of Nigeria contribute significantly to the food production of the State, hence the need to understand their behavior in order to enhance their management and productivity. Profile pits were sited along three physiographic units viz: levee crest, levee slope and flood basin. Soil samples were collected from the profile horizons and subjected to standard laboratory procedures. Characterization of the soils was based on their morphological, physical and chemical properties. Soil classification was carried out using the USDA Soil Taxonomy and correlated with FAO/IUSS World Reference Base. Its agricultural potential was assessed using the fertility capability classification. The soils were deep. Topsoil colour was dominantly blackish black (10YR 3/2). Mottles were pervasive; an indication of impeded drainage conditions. The soils were predominantly fine textured. Soil pH values ranged from 4.8 to 6.2. Exchangeable Calcium was low to moderate (2.6-8.2 cmol kg−1); Magnesium was moderate to high (1.6-6.8 cmol kg−1); Sodium was high to very high (1.0-2.5 cmol kg−1), while potassium was high (1.2-4.2 cmol kg−1). Cation exchange capacity values ranged from 11.6 to 42.6 cmol kg−1. Total nitrogen was very low to low (0.14-1.12 g kg−1), while organic carbon was low to moderate (0.4-15.2 g kg−1). Available phosphorus was very low to high ranging from 0.93 to 31.71 mg kg−1 while base saturation ranged from 64 to 93%. The soils were classified as Typic Fluvaquents (Typic Fluvisols), Fluvaquentic Endoaquepts (Endostagnic Cambisols) and Fluventic Endoaquepts (Endostagnic Cambisols) according to the USDA and FAO/IUSS. The fertility capability evaluation of the soils revealed that the pedons were Lgn in classification due to limitations in drainage. Key words: alluvium, cambic horizon, Inceptisols, lithologic discontinuity

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Peran Vegetasi Dominan Pada Karakteristik Tanah di Lahan Bera, Kampung Womnowi, Distrik Sidey, Manokwari

JURNAL BIOLOGI TROPIS ◽

10.29303/jbt.v20i2.1899 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 227

Author(s):

Slamet Arif Susanto ◽

Heru Joko Budirianto ◽

Agatha Cecilia Maturbongs

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Soil Analysis ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Fallow Land ◽

Dracontomelon Dao ◽

High Base ◽

Important Value Index ◽

Lansium Domesticum ◽

Very High

Abstrak: Selama proses suksesi, vegetasi merupakan satu dari komponen utama untuk meningkatkan kesuburan tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan peran vegetasi dominan pada karakteristik tanah di lahan bera berumur 15 tahun Kampung Womnowi, Distrik Sidey, Manokwari. Vegetasi dominan ditentukan berdasarkan data indeks nilai penting (INP) analisis vegetasi. Sampel tanah diambil secara komposit pada luasan lahan 1 hektar dari dua kedalaman tanah (0–10 cm dan 10–20 cm). Vegetasi yang mendominasi lahan bera secara berurutan adalah Pometia pinnata, Dracontomelon dao, Octomeles sumatrana, Lansium domesticum, dan Pimelodendron amboinicum. Kehadiran O. sumatrana mengindikasikan lahan bera tanah aluvial, lebih lanjut terbukti karena lahan bera tersebut berdekatan dengan Sungai Womnowi. Karakteristik fisik tanah didominasi oleh fraksi lempung dan unsur makro lebih tinggi pada kedalaman 0–10 cm dibanding kedalaman 10–20 cm. Karakteristik tanah menunjukkan bahwa tanah tergolong masam (pH 5.4–5.6), kadar karbon organik tanah sedang (1.07–3.39%), kadar nitrogen total rendah (0.17–0.53%), kadar fosfor tersedia tergolong tinggi (10.7–22.4 ppm), kapasitas tukar kation (KTK) tergolong tinggi (10.50–20.32 cmol kg-1), kejenuhan basa tergolong sangat tinggi (65.4–66.7%), dan kadar Al3+ and H+ sangat rendah. Secara keseluruhan urutan KTK menunjukkan Ca > Mg > Na > K yang mengonfirmasi tanah aluvial dan pencucian kalium terjadi dengan cepat. Rendahnya kadar kalium dapat dihubungkan dengan penggunaan unsur tersebut untuk pembentukan buah L. domesticum. Selama pemberaan 15 tahun, vegetasi dominan memengaruhi karakteristik tanah.Kata kunci: vegetasi pohon, kesuburan tanah, analisis tanah, aluvial, Papua BaratAbstract: During succesional season vegetation is one of major compound to increase soil fertility. The purpose of this study was to analyzed and description dominant vegetation and their contribution to soil characteristic at fallow land 15 years old Womnowi Village, Sidey District, Manokwari. To determine dominant vegetations we used data important value index (IVI) of vegetation. Two depth of sample soils (0–10 cm dan 10–20 cm) were taken from one hectare area by composite technique. The dominant vegetation on fallow land dominated by Pometia pinnata, Dracontomelon dao, Octomeles sumatrana, Lansium domesticum, and Pimelodendron amboinicum respectively. Presence of O. sumatrana was indicated that the type of aluvial fallow land, further it is proven because the fallow land is close to the Womnowi River. Soil physical characteristic dominated by clay fractions, macronutrient was higher in depth 0-10 cm than 10-20 cm. Characteristic of soil shows acidic soils (pH 5.4–5.6), moderate of soil organic carbon (1.07–3.39%), total of nitrogen was low (0.17–0.53%), high available phosphorus (10.7–22.4 ppm), moderate cation exchange capacity (CEC) (10.50–20.32 cmol kg-1), very high base saturation (65.4–66.7%), and very lows of Al3+ and H+. Overall the order of CEC shows Ca > Mg > Na > K respectively confirmed aluvial soil and fast leached potassium in soil. Low potassium levels are thought be related to the use of the element for fruits formation of L. domesticum. During 15 year fallowed, dominant vegetation had influence to soil characteristic.Key words: tree vegetation, soil fertility, soil analysis, alluvial, West Papua

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The contribution of natural and artificial regeneration at the restoration of fire-affected peri-urban forest of Thessaloniki (Northern Greece)

Global NEST Journal ◽

10.30955/gnj.001758 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 29-36

Keyword(s):

Natural Regeneration ◽

Urban Forest ◽

Burned Area ◽

Cupressus Sempervirens ◽

Northern Greece ◽

Mixed Stands ◽

Artificial Regeneration ◽

Pinus Brutia ◽

Stem Quality ◽

Cupressus Arizonica

In this study, the post-fire regeneration of three coniferous species (Pinus brutia, Cupressus sempervirens and Cupressus arizonica) was examined in the peri-urban forest of Thessaloniki, Northern Greece. The wildfire took place in July 1997 and burned almost 60% of the forest vegetation. During the autumn of 2010, 34 experimental plots were established in all aspects within the burned area. In each experimental plot the following measurements were carried out: height, diameter at breast height and crown projection in two perpendicular diameters. The results show that the Pinus brutia individuals, most of which came from natural regeneration, presented the best growth, in relation to the two other species in all aspects. As for Cupressus sempervirens, equal parts of which came from natural and artificial regeneration was characterized by remarkable growth especially in the Northeastern aspect. Finally, Cupressus arizonica existed in all aspects except the Northeastern. It also presented a satisfactory development, especially on the Southern aspect. Fourteen years after the fire pure or mixed stands of the above mentioned species show vigorous growth and good stem quality. Finally, the rates of participation of individual forest species indicate that the restoration has been achieved mainly by natural regeneration.

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Effect of wildfires on tropical peatland vegetation in Meranti Islands District, Riau Province, Indonesia

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d201039 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (10) ◽

Author(s):

Sinta Silviana ◽

BAMBANG HERO SAHARJO ◽

SIGIT SUTIKNO

Keyword(s):

Forest Fires ◽

Biomass Composition ◽

Burned Area ◽

Tropical Peatland ◽

Wood Harvesting ◽

Forest Sustainability ◽

Test Models ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Study Sites ◽

Burnt Areas

Abstract. Silviana SH, Saharjo BH, Sutikno S. 2019. Effect of wildfires on tropical peatland vegetation in Meranti Islands District, Riau Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3056-3062. Wildfires are one of the main causes of forest destruction, disturbing forest sustainability. Wildfires are mainly caused by human activities, such as land clearing, wood harvesting, draining, etc. Wildfires could induce the loss of vegetation. This study was aimed at assessing the effect of wildfires on both vegetation biomass and necromass on coastal peatland ecosystems in Sungaitohor Village, Tebing Tinggi Timur Sub-district, Meranti Islands District, Riau Province, Indonesia. Analysis of vegetation and both above and below the ground biomass composition were performed. The approach used a paired sample with 4 replications (n = 4 burnt, n=4 unburnt). The variables observed in every research sites was analyzed using Student-T test. Models were generated and then validated to understand the effect of fires on biomass. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the studied parameters between the unburned area and burned area (P <0.01). Wildfires affected the quantity of living plants (biomass) which was indicated by the fact that biomass is unburnt and burnt areas were in the ratio of 2.67 : 1. The quantity of dead plants (necromass) was greater in the burned plots than in the unburnt plots. All these findings suggest that high intensity of forest fires had occurred in the study sites.

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Effects of Land Use, Soil Depth and Topography on Soil Physicochemical Properties along the Toposequence at the Wadla Delanta Massif, Northcentral Highlands of Ethiopia

Environment and Pollution ◽

10.5539/ep.v5n2p57 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 57 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Nahusenay Abate ◽

Kibebew Kibret

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Bottom Layer ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽

Cultivated Land ◽

Topographic Positions ◽

Effects Of Land Use

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of land use, depth and topography on soil physicochemical properties at the Wadla Delanta Massif, northcentral Ethiopia. Four land uses (natural forest, shrub, grazing and cultivated land), three soil depths (0-20, 20-40, 40-60 cm) and three topographic positions (upper, middle and lower) in three replications were considered for this study. A total of 108 composite samples were collected for laboratory analysis. The results show that particle size distribution was affected by the main effects of land use and soil depth; bulk and particle densities, total porosity, organic matter and total nitrogen contents, C:N ratio and available phosphorus were significantly affected by the interaction of land use by soil depth only, whereas, soil pH, electrical conductivity, exchangeable bases, cation exchange capacity, percent base saturation and extractable micronutrients were affected by the interaction effects of the three factors. Highest clay and bulk density were recorded at the bottom layer of the cultivated land soils, while the utmost porosity, organic matter and nitrogen contents, and available phosphorus were recorded at the surface layers of the natural forest land soils. Highest pH was at the bottom layer of the cultivated land at the three topographic positions. Highest exchangeable bases and cation exchange capacity were observed in the bottom layers of soils under the four land use types at the lower topographic position, whilst extractable micronutrients were recorded at the surface layers of the forest land soils at the upper topographic position. In general, most of the measured soil properties were measured better in forest than in other land use soils and the lower topographic positions than the upper and middle ones. Interaction of land use with topography showed negative effects especially on cultivated and grazing land soils in all topographic positions. Therefore, integrated soil fertility management and soil conservation measures are required in all topographic positions to maintain soil physicochemical properties.

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