scholarly journals Efektivitas Metode Seleksi Pedigree dan Modified Bulk pada Tiga Populasi Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench)

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-282
Author(s):  
Dewi Andriani ◽  
Desta Wirnas ◽  
Dan Trikoesoemaningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pedigree Selection ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Augmented Design ◽  
Materials Used

Sorghum has a growing popularity for food, feed, biofuel, and therefore needs to be developed. The research aimed to compare the effectiveness of pedigree and modified bulk selection methods for improving yield in three sorghum populations. The genetic materials used were 60 F6 lines from three populations, namely PI 10-90-A x Numbu, PI 150-20-A x Numbu and PI 150-20-A x Kawali which had been selected using pedigree and modified bulk methods. The experiment was conducted from October 2018 to February 2019 at the Cikabayan Experimental Station of IPB University, Dramaga, Bogor. The experiment was arranged in an augmented design with six checks, namely Kawali, Numbu, PI 10-90-A, PI 150-20-A, Samurai 1, and Samurai 2 which were replicated four times. Observations were made on agronomic traits and yield. Plant height and grain weight per panicle had high heritability and large genotypic coefficients of variation. The contrast test results showed significant differences between populations in plant height, panicle length, days of harvesting and 100-seed weight. On the other hand, no significant difference was observed among selection methods, indicating that both methods were equally effective for increasing sorghum yield. The pedigree selection and modified bulk selection increased grain yield per panicle by 14.1 g and 18.2 g respectively. Bulk of the best genotypes in early generation could be an alternative of bulk selection method. Keywords: contrast test, differential selection, genotypic coefficient of variation, heritability

scholarly journals Daya Gabung Beberapa Varietas Padi (Oryza sativa L.) pada Persilangan Dialel Menggunakan Metode Griffing II

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Ketut Sudharmawan ◽  
Baiq Erna Listiana ◽  
Sofi Rianti
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Power Analysis ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Diallel Crossing ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Materials Used

Diallel crossing is a method that is widely used to determine the ability to combine each individual so that it can identify the potential elders to be used in crossbreeding programs to assemble high yielding varieties. This experiment aims to determine the combining power of dialelic crosses of several varieties of rice using the Griffing II method, carried out in the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Mataram University in Nyiur Lembang Village, Narmada District, West Lombok Regency, from February to July 2019. This experiment uses the method experiments carried out in the field. The materials used in this experiment were four parents, namely IPB 3S variety, Situ Patenggang variety, Inpari 32 and G11 strain and the phenotype of the cross between the four parents. The experimental results showed that the effects of general affinity and special affinity for all observed characters (plant height, number of productive tillers, number of non-productive tillers, panicle length, number of filled grain, number of empty grain and weight of 100 grains) were significantly different, except on the effect of general affinity for the number of non-productive tillers showed no significant difference. The results of the combined power analysis of the four elders were positive, so it can be said that the four elders would get good results when crossed with a number of other genotypes.

scholarly journals Biocompatibility assessment of glas ionomer cement: Test of cytotoxicity

2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejan Markovic
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Diploid Cell ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Human Diploid Cell ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Ionomer Cement

Evaluation o f cytotoxicity is a first step in assessment of dental materials biocompatibility. Necessity for unique criteria in researches resulted in international standard methodology (ISO). The aim of this study was to assess the cytotoxicity of four restorative materials (three glas ionomer cements and one composite material) and to define adventages and disadventages of common ISO methodology for evaluation of this aspect of dental materials biocompatibility. Research was designed according to ISO/TC 106/1995 and ISO/ 10993-5/1994 methodology. Materials used in this investigation were Fuji IILC (GC), Vitiemer (3M), Ionosit fill (DMG-Hamburg), Luxat (DMG-Hamburg). Evaluation of cytotoxicity was carried out on standardized Human Diploid Cell Lung WI-38. Obtained results showed expressive cytotoxic effect of all investigated materials without statisticaly significant difference. Estimation of material biocompatibility and assessment of obtained results can be made only after establishment of correlation with test results. Common ISO methodology is simple for conductance and reproduction, and use of cell cultures in researches is painless, cost effective and without moral or ethical dilemma.

Hubungan Antara Hasil dan Komponen Hasil Wijen (Sesamum indicum L.) pada Generasi F1 dan F2 Persilangan Sbr2, Sbr3, dan Dt36

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Sri Adikadarsih ◽  
Siska Permata ◽  
. Taryono ◽  
. Suyadi ◽  
Panjisakti Basunanda
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Line Selection ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Bulk Breeding ◽  
Number Of Branches

<p>Dalam program pemuliaan tanaman wijen, informasi keragaman genetik dan hubungan antarsifat sangat penting untuk menentukan keberhasilan seleksi. Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mempelajari keragaman genetik dan hubungan antara komponen hasil dan hasil wijen pada generasi F1 dan F2 persilangan Sbr 2, Sbr 3, dan Dt 36 telah dilaksanakan dari bulan November 2012 sampai dengan Februari 2013 di Padangan, Sitimulyo, Piyungan, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan tiga ulangan. Bahan tanam yang digunakan adalah benih tetua, F1, dan F2 hasil persilangan antara Sbr 3 x Sbr 2, Sbr 3 x Dt 36, Sbr 2 x Dt 36, dan resiproknya. Benih bulk hasil persilangan ditanam secara rapat dalam baris pada petak-petak yang berukuran 4 x 1 m. Pengamatan dilakukan pada parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang, jumlah polong, berat polong, berat biji, jumlah ruas, panjang ruas, umur berbunga, umur panen, dan berat 1.000 biji. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komponen hasil yang memiliki keragaman genetik besar adalah berat biji per tanaman (68,437%), berat polong (40,532%), jumlah cabang (33,251%), jumlah polong (30,269%), dan tinggi tanaman (21,256%). Nilai heritabilitas yang tinggi terdapat pada tinggi tanaman (65,52%) dan umur panen (55%). Komponen hasil yang memiliki korelasi nyata terhadap hasil<br />adalah jumlah cabang, jumlah polong, berat polong, dan umur berbunga, sedangkan yang berpengaruh langsung terhadap hasil wijen adalah jumlah cabang dan berat polong.</p><p> </p><p>In sesame breeding program, information about genetic variations and relationships ammongs characters is very important to determine the success of line selection. Studies about correlation between yield and yield<br />components of F1 and F2 from crosses of Sbr 2, Sbr 3, and Dt 36 was conducted on November 2012 to February 2013 in Padangan, Sitimulyo, Piyungan, Bantul, Yogyakarta. The treatments were arranged in complete<br />random design (CRD) with three replications. Planting materials used were the seed of parents, F1, and F2 from crossing between Sbr 3 x Sbr 2, Sbr 3 x Dt 36, Sbr 2 x Dt 36, and their reciprocals. Bulk breeding seeds planted in rows in high density to reach maximum populations as the genetic resource in the plots according to its genotypes. The observation was made on plant height, number of branches, number of pods, weight of pods, number of nodes, nodes length, day of flowering, plant maturing age, and 1,000<br />seed weight. The results showed that, components which showed high genetic variation were weight of seeds per plant (68.437%), weight of pods (40.532%), the number of branches (33.251%), number of pods<br />(30.269%), and plant height (21.256%). High heritability values was shown in parameters of plant height (65.52%) and plant maturing age (55%). Yield components which have significant correlation with the yield were number of branches, number of pods, pod weight, and days to flowering, while those have a direct effect on the yield of sesame are the number of branches and pods weight.</p>

Relations entre la chlorose foliaire et des caractères agronomiques chez des lignées de blé, de triticale et des hybrides blé-triticale infectés du virus de la jaunisse nanisante de l’orge

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 1225-1231 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Nkongolo ◽  
A. Comeau ◽  
C. A. Saint-Pierre
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis ◽  
Virus Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Genotypic Correlations ◽  
Yellow Dwarf Virus

To assess the relationships between leaf chlorosis and certain agronomic traits, eight lines of wheat and triticale and their interspecific crosses were experimentally inoculated with BYDV. BYDV infection caused a highly significant reduction in tillering, plant height and biomass in all lines of wheat and triticale irrespective of their degree of tolerance. There was no significant difference between the virus content of the less badly chlorosed and that of the more severely chlorosed plants, indicating that tolerance was the actual mechanism involved in the triticale lines studied. Generally, all phenotypic and genotypic correlations between the extent of chlorosis and tillering, plant height and biomass were negative and highly significant. This suggests that agronomic parameters can be used as selection criteria in a breeding program for resistance to BYDV, through interspecific wheat and triticale hybridization. The severity of leaf chlorosis is recommended as a selection criterion as it does not require the use of a control population. Key words: Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), phenotypic and genotypic correlations, wheat, triticale, interspecific hybridization

scholarly journals Genetic variability, heritability and correlation path analysis in mungbean (Vigna radiata L.wilczek)

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 407-416
Author(s):  
MG Azam ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
MS Alam ◽  
KS Rahman ◽  
M Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
100 Seed Weight

The success of crop improvement program largely depends on the nature and magnitude of genetic variability, heritability and characters association. This experiment was undertaken to estimate the extent of genetic variability and relation between yield and related characters. Twenty eight mungbean genotypes were grown at Pulses Research Centre, Ishurdi, Pabna during kharif-I 2015 in a randomized complete block design with three replications to estimate the extent of genetic variability and association between yield and yield related traits. Analysis of variance revealed that all the traits showed highly significant difference among genotypes except seeds per pod. Pods per plant, plant height and 100 seed weight showed high genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) and phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV). High broadsense heritability coupled with moderate genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for 100 seed weight, days to flower and pods per plant suggesting preponderance of additive gene action for these characters and selection of such traits might be effective for the improvement of grain yield. Seeds per pod, plant height and pods per plant showed positive significant phenotypic and genotypic correlation with yield. The result of path analysis indicated that pods per plant had maximum direct effect on yield followed by plant height and 100 seed weight and they contribute 31% variation in yield.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(3): 407-416, September 2018

scholarly journals Genetic Variability, Correlation and Path Co-Efficient Analysis for Agronomic Traits in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)

2010 ◽  
pp. 12-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
AI Saki ◽  
MA Zaman ◽  
M Tuhina-Khatun ◽  
MM Kamal ◽  
Hasina Begum
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Forty genotypes of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) were studied in a field experiment conducted at the experimental field of BARI, Joydebpur, during the year 2004-2005. Significant genetic variations were observed among the genotypes for days to flower, plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, 100-seed weight and seed yield per plant. The highest genotypic variability was observed in number of seeds per pod and seed yield, followed by number of pods per plant and branches per plant, whereas days to maturity showed the lowest genotypic co-efficient of variability. In all cases, phenotypic variances were higher than the genotypic ones. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was observed for seed yield per plant, pods per plant, 100-seed weight and dry weight per plant, which indicates that selection could be effective for these traits. Considerable heritability was observed in pod length, seeds per pod and days to flowering. The results showed that seed yield per plant had positive and significant relation with branches per plant and pods per plant. Number of pods per plant were positively correlated with branches per plant but negatively correlated with plant height and days to first flowering. Weight of 100-seed had significant and positive correlation with days to first flowering, dry weight per plant and pod length but had negative correlation with pods per plant and seeds per pod. Days to first flowering, pod length, pods per plant, dry weight per plant had direct effect on yield. Therefore, days to first flowering, pods per plant, pod length, branches per plant and dry weight per plant are found the important characters which could be used in selection for yield.

scholarly journals Estimation of genetic parameters and selection of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] RILS F5 derived from single seed descent

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranggi Rahimul Insan ◽  
Desta Wirnas ◽  
Trikoesoemaningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Single Seed Descent ◽  
Single Seed ◽  
Augmented Design ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Panicle Weight

The purpose of this study was to obtain information about genetic parameters of agronomic characters ofsorghum lines developed by Single Seed Descent as information for yield improvement through selection. Theresearch was conducted from July to October 2014 in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia with an altitude of ± 240 mabove sea level and a temperature of 27°C. The genetic materials used consisted of 201 RILs F5, and Numbu,Samurai-1, and Samurai-2 (national varieties), and a mutant B69 as check varieties. The experimental designused was augmented design. The results showed that the RILs F5 significantly different in the characters of seedfilling period, plant height, leaf number, panicle length, circumference panicle, panicle weight, and grain weightpanicle-1. High broad sense heritability values and broad genetic diversity were observed in the character of theseed filling period, plant height, leaf number, panicle length, circumference panicle, panicle weight and grainweight panicle-1. There were RILs F5 which have higher yield than the two parents and are uniform with lowerwithin line variance. Selection was conducted based on grain weight panicle-1 increased 35.3% yield, but at thesame time increased plant height by 5%. Simultaneous selection by grain weight panicle-1 and plant heightincreased yield by 21% and reduced plant height by -6.9%. This gives the opportunity to obtain shorter highyielding varieties.

scholarly journals Comparison of Genetic Gains of Agronomical Traits from Different Selection Methods in Soybean

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-288
Author(s):  
Thuy Hang Thi Vu ◽  
Hoa Dinh Vu ◽  
Tuyet Cham Thi Le ◽  
Tuan Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Thi Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Growth Duration ◽  
Node Number ◽  
Genetic Gains ◽  
Agronomical Traits ◽  
100 Seed Weight

This study aimed to compare the genetic gains of two different selection methods for agronomic traits in soybean. A population from the cross of VI045032 x 4904 (LSB10) was advanced using the bulk method and modified bulk method to the F6 generation. Measured traits were growth duration, plant height, height of the first pod node, number of pods per plant, the percentage of 3-seeded pods, 100-seed weight, individual yield, and yield. Both methods were equally efficient and could be used for segregating and the stabilizing phase of progenies/populations of soybean crosses. However, the bulk method appeared to be more efficient for the improvement of yield-related traits while the modified bulk method was more efficient for the improvement of morphological traits.  

scholarly journals Evaluation and identification of promising advanced breeding lines for quality and yield traits in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-286
Author(s):  
Praveen Kona ◽  
M.K. Mahatma ◽  
K. Gangadhara ◽  
B.C. Ajay ◽  
Narendra Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Augmented Design

Kernel size coupled with the nutritional quality will determine the worth of groundnut for direct consumption or export. Focusing on this objective one hundred and fifty advanced breeding lines (ABLs) in both Spanish and Virginia botanical varieties were evaluated with four checks under Augmented Design during Kharif, 2018 at ICAR- Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat. Significant difference was observed for days to 50% flowering, hundred pod weight (g), hundred kernel weight (g), sound mature kernel (%), shelling percent, pod weight per plant (g), and protein percent. Pod yield per plant (g) registered highest estimates of GCV and PCV. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for 100 pod weight (g), 100 kernel weight (g), sound mature kernel percentage and pod yield per plant (g) traits which indicates a significant role of additive gene action for inheritance of these traits which may be exploited through simple selection methods. Eleven genotypes viz., PBS 19013, PBS 19015, PBS 19018, PBS 29079 B, PBS 29082, PBS 29124, PBS 29167, PBS 29196, PBS 29197, PBS 29212 and PBS 29219 had good confectionery quality traits viz., large seed size (HKW: >55 g; KL: >1.5cm and KW: >0.7cm), high protein (>30%), high total soluble sugar (>5 %), moderate oil (42- 48%), uniform pod size and shape, high pod yield per plant (> 10g) and good shelling percentage (>60%). These promising genotypes can directly be released as a variety after testing in multi-location AICRP-G trials or can be used in hybridization programmes as donor parents for improving confectionery qualities in groundnut.

AVALIAÇÃO DE LINHAGENS S3 DE MILHO EM CRUZAMENTO TOPCROSS EM DOIS ESPAÇAMENTOS ENTRE LINHAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 328
Author(s):  
ANDRÉ GABRIEL ◽  
MARCOS VENTURA FARIA ◽  
MARCELO CRUZ MENDES ◽  
EMANUEL GAVA ◽  
WELTON LUIZ ZALUSKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Line Spacing ◽  
Topcross Hybrids

 RESUMO – A utilização de híbridos comerciais é uma opção para gerar populações-base para obter novas linhagens superiores. Portanto, objetivou-se com a pesquisa selecionar linhagens S3 superiores para produtividade de grãos, avaliadas em dois espaçamentos, para ser avançadas no processo de endogamia. Para isso, foram avaliados 75 híbridos topcrosses juntamente com seis híbridos comerciais (DKB245 PRO2, P30F53 H, P30B39 H, AS1572, DKB315 PRO e SG6030 PRO). Foi utilizado o delineamento látice triplo 9x9 para avaliação de florescimento masculino (FM), altura de planta (AP), altura de espiga (AE), prolificidade (PR) e produtividade de grãos (PG). Houve diferença significativa entre genótipos para todas as características avaliadas, interação genótipo x espaçamento para a PG e AE. Não foi constatada diferença significativa para espaçamento entre linhas. Os híbridos topcrosses TC102-05, TC102-06, TC102-15, TC102-16, TC102-17, TC102-21 e TC102-24 se destacaram nos dois espaçamentos entre linhas, aliando características de produtividade de grãos, estatura e ciclo precoce, cujas respectivas linhagens deverão ser avançadas no processo de endogamia.Palavras-chave: Zea mays L., testador, linhagens parcialmente endogâmicas. EVALUATION OF S3 MAIZE LINES TOPCROSSED IN TWO ROW SPACINGS ABSTRACT – The use of commercial hybrids is an option to generate base populations for obtaining new superior lines. The objective of this study was to select S3 lines superior for grain yield, evaluated in two row spacings, to be advanced in the process of inbreeding. For this, 75 topcross hybrids were evaluated along with six commercial hybrids (DKB245 PRO2, P30F53 H, P30B39 H, AS1572, DKB315 PRO and SG6030 PRO). The 9x9 triple lattice design was used.to evaluate the agronomic traits of male flowering (MF), plant height (PH), ear heigth (EH), prolificacy (PR) and grain yield (GY). There was a significant difference between genotype for all traits evaluated, interaction genotype x spacing for EH and GY. No significant difference was observed for line spacing. The topcross hybrids TC102- 05, TC102-06, TC102-15, TC102-16, TC102-17, TC102-21 and TC102-24 were superior in the two row spacings, combining the characters of grain yield, stature and early cycle, whose lines should be advanced in the process of endogamy.Keywords: Zea mays L., tester, partially inbred lines.

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