scholarly journals ANALISIS ASAM AMINO PENSTIMULASI SEKRESI INSULIN DALAM BIJI KECIPIR, BIJI ASAM, DAN BIJI KELOR DENGAN HPLC

Jurnal Kimia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dita Rizkiyanti ◽  
Ni Made Suaniti ◽  
Ketut Ratnayani
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Winged Bean ◽  
Specific Amino Acid ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Limited Protein ◽  
Potential Content

Seeds are a source of high protein when compared with other parts of the plant. Compared to soy bean, the use of winged bean seeds, tamarind seeds, moringa seeds as protein sources are still very limited. Protein composed of several amino acids bond together to form a polypeptide. Some amino acids have been investigated to act as stimulating insulin secretion, namely, arginine, alanine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, and lysine. The aim of this study was to determine the potential content of amino acids stimulating the secretion of insulin in winged bean seeds, tamarind seeds, and moringa seeds. Based on the total content of amino acids in each seeds, the results showed that moringa seeds have the highest levels of total amino acids stimulating insulin secretion (16.4%), followed by winged bean seeds (16.2%), and tamarind seeds (12.1%). But if seen by the levels of each amino acid, the winged bean seeds on average had the highest amino acid content. The highest levels of arginine, alanine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, and leucine were found in winged bean seeds, while only one specific amino acid i.e. lysine was found to be the highest level on moringa seeds. It can be concluded that the most potential seeds as a source of amino acids stimulating insulin was the winged bean seeds, that will be useful in the prevention or treatment of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF VEGETATIVE ORGANS DACTYLORHIZA MACULATA (L.) SOÓ (ORCHIDACEAE)

2019 ◽  
pp. 135-143
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Nikolaevich Sechin ◽  
Oleg Anatolyevich Marakaev ◽  
Gavriil Borisovich Gavrilov
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Storage Organs

Amino acid composition of aboveground and underground vegetative organs of Dactylorhiza maculata (L.) Soó (Orchidaceae), one of the representatives of the tuberoid species of orchids growing under the natural conditions of the center of European Russia, was detected using the method of zone capillary electrophoresis. The presence of 15 amino acids in the plant material, nine of them are «essential» (lysine, phenylalanine, histidine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, valine, threonine, tryptophan) was established. The highest total amino acid content is characteristic of the leaves, the smallest for the old (wintered) caulorrhizous tuberoids. Among the identified amino acids in the plant material of D. maculata, the maximum total content is of leucine, the minimum are of tryptophan and methionine. The vegetative organs are also rich in alanine, arginine, valine and phenylalanine. The total content of amino acids in young caulorrhizous tuberoids is 38% higher than that in old storage organs. These differences are most pronounced for arginine, which is probably due to the spare function of this amino acid, containing more than 30% nitrogen. The got data indicate the promise of further studies of the amino acid composition of D. maculata and can characterize this species as a source of medicinal valuable substances with a broad spectrum of pharmacological activity.

Free amino acids of sunflower hypocotyl tissue during crown gall tumor development

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Behki ◽  
S. M. Lesley
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Free Proline ◽  
Total Free Amino Acids ◽  
Hypocotyl Tissue

The concentration of each free amino acid present in hypocotyl tissue of sunflower seedlings was determined during the period following both sterile wounding and inoculation with either tumorigenic (strain 1025) or non-tumorigenic (strain IIBNV6) Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The concentration of the total free amino acids of hypocotyl tissue reached a maximum 68 hours after infection with strain 1025 and this level was 50% greater than that found in plants treated with strain IIBNV6. The total content of free basic amino acids increased to a peak value at 20 hours after infection by strain 1025 and this represented 1.4 to 3 times the level found in strain IIBNV6 inoculated seedlings at 20 hours.The amount of free proline decreased with time and it was essentially absent 164 hours after infection with strain 1025. At 2 months the concentration of free proline in the tumor tissue was greatly increased with 75% of the total free amino acids accounted for as proline.The free amino acid content of strain 1025 growing in either the presence or absence of an extract from wounded seedlings was measured and the results indicated no significant relationship between the plant and bacterial systems with regard to their free amino acid pools.

scholarly journals COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF SOYBEAN AND SUNFLOWER PROCESSING PRODUCTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Н. P. Ryvak ◽  
G. I. Boyko ◽  
R. O. Ryvak
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Sunflower Meal

The literature review of the article presents the characteristics of the protein value of plant feed materials, in particular, of soybean and sunflower processing products, depending on the production technology. Their amino acid composition ideally meets the needs of young animals and poultry due to the high content of essential amino acids. The section «Materials and methods» presents methods for determining: crude protein by the Kjeldahl method, soluble protein in 0.2% potassium hydroxide, Barnstein protein, falsification of protein products with inorganic nitrogen, as well as characteristics of methods for determining the content of essential and non-essential amino acids, incl. sulfur-containing, using the system of capillary electrophoresis «Drops-105M». As a result of the research it was found that of the total number of analyzed samples of soybean meal in terms of protein content, 30.8% of products did not meet the declared values of producers and were in the range of 37.4 - 40.8%, in terms of protein solubility were in the range of 75 - 78%, which meets the norms of feeding.In addition, 5.0% of the total number of samples analyzed, were falsified after Bard alcohol, falsification of inorganic nitrogen was not found. The use of low-protein raw materials for the production of sunflower meal and cake was reflected in their protein content and ranged from 26.3 to 33.7%. Fermented soybean product and toasted soybean meal are characterized by a higher total content of essential amino acids in the protein, which was 26.3% and 27.2%, respectively, compared with full-fat expanded soybean expanded, where this figure was at 20.25%, and prevailed other analyzed products by methionine, threonine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, proline, alanine etc. The analyzed sample of sunflower meal, produced by a special technology is equivalent in total amino acid content in the studied soy products. Its content of methionine was 1.5 and 2.1 times higher, compared with toasted soybean meal and full-fat soybean, respectively. Also, the content of threonine, glycine, cystine, tryptophan, aspartic and glutamic acids in the sample of sunflower meal prevailed the content of the same amino acids in soybean products. Thus, the comprehensive assessment of plant protein components makes it possible to control not only the quantitative content of protein and amino acids, but also provides a detailed assessment of feeding.

scholarly journals Analysis of amino acids content in the plant components of the antidiabetic herbal mixture by GC-MS

Pharmacia ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Alona Savych ◽  
Svitlana Marchyshyn ◽  
Liudmila Mosula ◽  
Oksana Bilyk ◽  
Ihor Humeniuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Herbal Mixture ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Plant Components

Medicinal plants and their combinations due to the wide range of biologically active substances can influence on various links of the pathogenetic mechanism of development of DM type 2 and its complications. One of such combinations is an antidiabetic herbal mixture (Urticae folia, Rosae fructus, Myrtilli folia, Menthae folia and Taraxaci radices) with established hypoglycaemic, hypolipidemic, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, pancreatoprotective activity in previous pharmacological studies in vivo and in vitro and defined phytochemical composition. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify and establish the content of amino acids in the plant components of antidiabetic herbal mixture. The amino acids were separated by GC-MS method with pre-column derivatization. The calibration curves of twenty CRS of amino acids were linear (R2 > 0.98) over the range of 1–100 µg/mL, the LODs and the LOQs were in the range of 0.01–0.07 µg/mL and 0.02–0.20 µg/mL, respectively. The results of analysis showed that the predominant essential amino acid was L-proline in Taraxaci radices, Urticae folia, Rosae fructus and Menthae folia, its total content was 101.46 mg/g, 25.31 mg/g, 23.04 mg/g and 19.30 mg/g, respectively. In addition, it was established total content of essential amino acid – L-leucine that can stimulate insulin secretion in β-cells of the pancreas. Its total content was 58.51 mg/g in Taraxaci radices, 9.58 mg/g in Myrtilli folia, 4.68 mg/g in Rosae fructus, 2.99 mg/g in Urticae folia and 0.79 mg/g in Menthae folia. Chromatographic examination also revealed L-phenylalanine, an essential amino acid important for antidiabetic therapy that can increase insulin secretion, stimulate proliferation and neogenesis of β-cells of the pancreas and reduce insulin resistance. Its total content was 13.42 mg/g in Myrtilli folia, 2.23 mg/g in Rosae fructus, 1.478 mg/g in Urticae folia, 1.46 mg/g in Taraxaci radices and 0.52 mg/g in Menthae folia. This phytochemical study shows, which plant material forms the amino acid composition and content in the finished herbal mixture and due to which biologically active substances the antidiabetic activity of this phytocomposition is manifested.

Screening of amino acid constituents from date palm fruits

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 4972
Author(s):  
Lata Birlangi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
Social Part

The date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is one of mankind’s oldest cultivated plants. The fruit of the date palm is an important crop of the hot arid and semi-arid regions of the world. It has always played a genuine economic and social part in the lives of the people of these areas. The present objective in examining the amino acid content of different varieties of date palm fruits from Middle-East region; is to determine whether its protein could effectively supplement the nutritional value and it is also aimed in finding which variety is rich in number of amino acids. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of eight essential amino acids and five non-essential amino acids in the date fruits. Among all the date fruit varieties taken as samples for the study, Dabbas cultivar of United Arab Emirates found to exhibit eight types of amino acids which includes five as non-essential ones. Total of thirteen amino acids were detected in the seven date cultivars. Determination of amino acid can serve as a guide to the possible nutritional value.

scholarly journals Putative imbalanced amino acid metabolism in rainbow trout long term fed a plant-based diet as revealed by 1H-NMR metabolomics

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Deborde ◽  
Blandine Madji Hounoum ◽  
Annick Moing ◽  
Mickaël Maucourt ◽  
Daniel Jacob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Metabolomic Analysis ◽  
Nmr Metabolomics ◽  
H Nmr

Abstract The long-term effect of a plant (P)-based diet was assessed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) metabolomics in rainbow trout fed a marine fish meal (FM)–fish oil (FO) diet (M), a P-based diet and a control commercial-like diet (C) starting with the first feeding. Growth performances were not heavily altered by long-term feeding on the P-based diet. An 1H-NMR metabolomic analysis of the feed revealed significantly different soluble chemical compound profiles between the diets. A set of soluble chemical compounds was found to be specific either to the P-based diet or to the M diet. Pterin, a biomarker of plant feedstuffs, was identified both in the P-based diet and in the plasma of fish fed the P-based diet. 1H-NMR metabolomic analysis on fish plasma and liver and muscle tissues at 6 and 48 h post feeding revealed significantly different profiles between the P-based diet and the M diet, while the C diet showed intermediate results. A higher amino acid content was found in the plasma of fish fed the P-based diet compared with the M diet after 48 h, suggesting either a delayed delivery of the amino acids or a lower amino acid utilisation in the P-based diet. This was associated with an accumulation of essential amino acids and the depletion of glutamine in the muscle, together with an accumulation of choline in the liver. Combined with an anticipated absorption of methionine and lysine supplemented in free form, the present results suggest an imbalanced essential amino acid supply for protein metabolism in the muscle and for specific functions of the liver.

Evaluation of seed amino acid content and its correlation network analysis in wild soybean (Glycine soja) germplasm in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Awatsaya Chotekajorn ◽  
Takuyu Hashiguchi ◽  
Masatsugu Hashiguchi ◽  
Hidenori Tanaka ◽  
Ryo Akashi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Glycine Soja ◽  
Wild Soybean ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Free Amino Acid Content

AbstractWild soybean (Glycine soja) is a valuable genetic resource for soybean improvement. Seed composition profiles provide beneficial information for the effective conservation and utilization of wild soybeans. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the variation in free amino acid abundance in the seeds of wild soybean germplasm collected in Japan. The free amino acid content in the seeds from 316 accessions of wild soybean ranged from 0.965 to 5.987 mg/g seed dry weight (DW), representing a 6.2-fold difference. Three amino acids had the highest coefficient of variation (CV): asparagine (1.15), histidine (0.95) and glutamine (0.94). Arginine (0.775 mg/g DW) was the predominant amino acid in wild soybean seeds, whereas the least abundant seed amino acid was glutamine (0.008 mg/g DW). A correlation network revealed significant positive relationships among most amino acids. Wild soybean seeds from different regions of origin had significantly different levels of several amino acids. In addition, a significant correlation between latitude and longitude of the collection sites and the total free amino acid content of seeds was observed. Our study reports diverse phenotypic data on the free amino acid content in seeds of wild soybean resources collected from throughout Japan. This information will be useful in conservation programmes for Japanese wild soybean and for the selection of accessions with favourable characteristics in future legume crop improvement efforts.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and nutritional quality of short-ripened rennet cheeses produced by traditional methods

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 5971-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
PRZEMYSŁAW KNYSZ ◽  
MICHAŁ GONDEK ◽  
RENATA PYZ-ŁUKASIK ◽  
MONIKA ZIOMEK ◽  
ŁUKASZ DROZD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Dairy Starter Cultures ◽  
Limiting Amino Acids

The aim of the study was to determine the variability in the chemical composition and nutritive value parameters of smoked and unsmoked short-ripened rennet cheeses and unsmoked long-ripened rennet cheeses produced by traditional methods. The raw material for the production of short-ripened cheeses was pasteurized cows’ milk obtained from a dairy, whereas the long-ripened cheeses were manufactured from raw cows’ milk obtained from the producer’s farm. All three varieties of cheese examined were produced with commercial dairy starter cultures. The material for the study was collected in winter, directly at the producers’ retail outlets in southern and eastern Poland. The basic chemical composition was determined according to the Polish Standards, whereas the amino acid profiles of proteins from the cheeses were determined by ion-exchange chromatography. The result analysis revealed significant differences between the different varieties of cheese in terms of their water content, ranging from 32.2% to 42.1%, as well as protein content, which varied from 25.6% to 31.6%. Fat levels ranged between 22.2% and 24%, whereas total ash content amounted to 5.1-5.8%. The significantly highest salt content was found in unsmoked short-ripened cheeses. In all three cheese varieties, the total exogenous amino acid content was comparable, ranging from 46.17 g to 47.36 g/100 g protein, and that of endogenous amino acids varied from 52 g to 53 g/100 g protein. The biological value of proteins was determined by calculating to the chemical score (CS), as described by Mitchell and Block, and the essential amino acid index (EAAI), as described by Oser. A comparison of the results with the standard chicken egg white proteins showed that the limiting amino acids for all varieties of cheese were methionine and cysteine. On the other hand, a comparison with the FAO/WHO-suggested pattern of amino acid requirements (1991) for all age groups over 1 year of age showed that the limiting amino acids were methionine and cysteine in smoked and unsmoked short-ripened cheeses, and treonine in long-ripened cheeses. Considering the chemical indices, such as CS and EAAI, it may be concluded that the traditional rennet cheeses produced in southern and eastern Poland have a favourable amino acid composition of proteins and a high nutritive value..

Comparative Analysis of Amino Acid Composition in Antarctic Krill and White Shrimp

2014 ◽  
Vol 941-944 ◽  
pp. 1114-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Jun Li ◽  
Shun Sheng Chen ◽  
Wei Qiang Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Antarctic Krill ◽  
Total Content ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Chemical Score ◽  
Amino Acid Score ◽  
Limiting Amino Acid

The purpose of this experiment is to evaluate the nutritional value of amino acids and its commercial value in the fish processing sector in Antarctic krill with cross-referenced in the white shrimp. For determination of the composition of 17 amino acids in the two shrimp muscle, free amino acids were measured using sulfosalicylic acid method, hydrolysed amino acid using hydrochloric acid hydrolysis.17 kinds of hydrolysed amino acids are measured in the muscle of Antarctic krill and White shrimp, which total content is 513.59±18.56mg/g and 537.61±16.8mg/g respectively.16 kinds of free amino acids are measured, which total content is 616.88±44.61mg/100g and 1276±75.67mg/100g respectively, while cysteine is not found. According to amino acid score (AAS), chemical score (CS), the limiting amino acid of Antarctic krill and White shrimp is valine and methionine + cysteine. The umani amino acids accounted for 27.76% of free amino acids and 35.69% of hydrolysed amino acids in Antarctic krill, while White shrimp is 41.08% and 31.52% respectively. The amino acids in Antarctic krill, TAV of which is greater than 1, include glutamic acid, alanine, lysine and arginine.

scholarly journals 24-Epibrassinolide Restores the Synthesis of Proteins and Amino Acids in Brassica juncea L. Leaves Under Imidacloprid Stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anket Sharma ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Ashwani Kumar Thukral ◽  
Renu Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Total Proteins ◽  
Amino Acid Contents

Abstract Pesticides are applied to protect crops from a variety of insect pests but their application cause toxicity to plants that results, among others, in reduction of protein as well as amino acid contents. The present study is aimed at observing the effect of seed pre-soaking with 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) on the protein and amino acid content in the leaves of Brassica juncea L. grown in soil that is amended with pesticide im-idacloprid (IMI). Soil amendment with IMI resulted in a decrease in the contents in leaves of total proteins and 21 amino acids studied. Seed soaking with 100 nM of EBL resulted in the recovery of total protein as well as amino acid contents in leaves, when compared with plants grown in only IMI amended soils.

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