scholarly journals ANALISIS ATP-WTP PENUMPANG KERETA REL LISTRIK LINTAS BOGOR-JAKARTA KOTA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Jeffry Nathanael ◽  
Dewi Linggasari ◽  
Hokbyan Angkat
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Ability To Pay ◽  
The Individual

The determination of Kereta Rel Listrik (KRL) rates needs to consider the value of Ability to Pay (ATP) and Willingness to Pay (WTP) of service users to spend a certain amount of money for the services they get. The purpose of this research was to determine the value of the Ability to Pay (ATP) and Willingness to Pay (WTP) of KRL service users across Bogor-Jakarta Kota. The method of collecting research data online is by giving questionnaires to respondents who use KRL cross Bogor-Jakarta Kota. The research data obtained were then analyzed and information was obtained about the individual characteristics of the respondent, the characteristics of the respondent's trip, the amount of ATP value, and the amount of the WTP value. Based on the analysis results on the existing tariff of Rp. 3,000, - obtained the value of ATP and WTP is Rp. 3,770, - and Rp. 3,974, -. This shows that the tariff is smaller than ATP, smaller than WTP, so that the current rate is still affordable for users. The 100% condition for ATP and WTP sensitivity is a condition where the increased tariff is proportional to the service received. ABSTRAKPenetapan tarif Kereta Rel Listrik (KRL) perlu mempertimbangkan antara nilai Ability to Pay (ATP) dan Willingness to Pay (WTP) pengguna jasa untuk mengeluarkan sejumlah uang demi pelayanan jasa yang didapatkannya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui besaran nilai Ability to Pay (ATP) dan Willingness to Pay (WTP) pengguna jasa KRL lintas Bogor-Jakarta Kota. Metode pengumpulan data penelitian secara online dengan cara memberikan kuesioner kepada responden yang menggunakan KRL lintas Bogor-Jakarta Kota. Data penelitian yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dan didapatkan informasi mengenai karakteristik individu responden, karakteristik perjalanan responden, besaran nilai ATP, dan besaran nilai WTP. Berdasarkan hasil analisis pada tarif eksisting sebesar Rp. 3.000,- didapat besaran nilai ATP dan WTP adalah Rp. 3.770,- dan Rp. 3.974,-. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tarif tersebut lebih kecil dari ATP lebih kecil dari WTP sehingga tarif yang diberikan saat ini masih dapat terjangkau bagi pengguna. Kondisi 100% pada sensitivitas ATP dan WTP merupakan kondisi dimana tarif yang ditingkatkan sebanding dengan pelayanan yang diterima.

scholarly journals ANALISIS ATP-WTP TERHADAP TARIF KRL LINTAS TANAH ABANG-RANGKASBITUNG (STUDI KASUS: STASIUN JURANG MANGU)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 597
Author(s):  
Felix Casey Ignatius ◽  
Dewi Linggasari ◽  
Hokbyan Angkat
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Green Line ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Ability To Pay ◽  
Collection Methods

Determination of public transport fares needs to be compared to the value of the Ability to Pay (ATP) and Willingness to Pay (WTP) of Kereta Rel Listrik (KRL) service users to pay a sum of money for the services received. The purpose of this study is to analyze the amount of ATP and WTP value of Green Line KRL services’ users, especially those through the Jurang Mangu Station. Primary research data collection methods through surveys with online questionnaire to respondents who have used the Green Line KRL. The research data obtained will be processed and analyzed to obtain the results of respondents’ characteristics, ATP values, and WTP values. The analysis results on the existing tariffs of KRL Green Line with a base rate of Rp. 3.000,- shows the value of ATP and WTP of Rp. 5.057,- and Rp. 4.825,-. The ATP and WTP values respectively for those going through the Jurang Mangu Station are Rp. 5.167,- and Rp. 4.875,-. The results of this study indicate that the ATP value is lower when compared to the WTP value, but this ATP value is greater than the existing tariff. This data shows that the current tariff is proportional to the service received.ABSTRAKPenetapan tarif angkutan umum perlu dibandingkan nilai Ability to Pay (ATP) dan Willingness to Pay (WTP) pengguna jasa Kereta Rel Listrik (KRL) untuk membayar sejumlah uang demi pelayanan jasa yang diterima. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis besaran nilai ATP dan WTP pengguna jasa KRL pada lintas Green Line khususnya yang melalui Stasiun Jurang Mangu. Metode pengumpulan data penelitian secara primer melalui survei dengan panduan kuesioner secara online kepada responden yang pernah menggunakan KRL Green Line. Data penelitian yang diperoleh akan diolah dan dianalisis untuk mendapatkan hasil karakteristik responden, nilai ATP, dan nilai WTP. Hasil analisis pada tarif eksisting KRL Green Line dengan tingkat tarif dasar Rp. 3.000,- didapat nilai ATP dan WTP masing-masing adalah Rp. 5.057,- dan Rp. 4.825,-. Nilai ATP dan WTP untuk yang melalui Stasiun Jurang Mangu masing-masing adalah Rp. 5.167,- dan Rp. 4.875,-. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai ATP lebih rendah jika dibandingkan dengan nilai WTP, tetapi nilai ATP ini lebih besar daripada tarif eksisting. Data ini menunjukkan bahwa tarif yang berlaku saat ini sebanding dengan pelayanan yang diterima.

scholarly journals ANALISIS ATP-WTP PENUMPANG KERETA BANDARA LINTAS MANGGARAI-SOEKARNO HATTA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Calvin Viryananda ◽  
Dewi Linggasari ◽  
Hokbyan Angkat
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Ability To Pay

In determining public transport rates, it is necessary to compare the value of Ability to Pay (ATP) and Willingness to Pay (WTP) for Soekarno-Hatta Airport Train service users to pay a sum of money to pay for the services and facilities they receive. The purpose of this research is to analyze the value of ATP and WTP of Soekarno-Hatta Airport Train service users. The method of collecting research data online is to all respondents of the Soekarno-Hatta Airport Train who have used this service. The research data obtained were then processed and analyzed to obtain the results of the characteristics of the respondents, the ATP value, and the WTP value. The results of the analysis on the existing tariff at the BNI City / Manggarai Station are Rp. 70,000, - the ATP and WTP values are Rp. 75,260, - and Rp. 63,887, -. The ATP and WTP values for Duri Station are Rp. 75,260, - and Rp. 64,424, -. The results of this study indicate that the ATP value is greater than the WTP and the WTP value is smaller than the existing tariff. This data shows that the prevailing tariffs are not commensurate with the services received.ABSTRAKDalam menentukan tarif angkutan umum perlu dibandingkan nilai Ability to Pay (ATP) dan Willingness to Pay (WTP) pengguna jasa Kereta Bandara Soekarno Hatta untuk membayar sejumlah uang untuk membayar jasa dan fasilitas yang diterimanya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis besaran nilai ATP dan WTP pengguna jasa Kereta Bandara Soekarno-Hatta. Metode pengumpulan data penelitian secara online kepada seluruh responden Kereta Bandara Soekarno-Hatta yang pernah menggunakan jasa tersebut. Data penelitian yang diperoleh kemudian diolah dan dianalisis untuk mendapatkan hasil karakteristik responden, nilai ATP, dan nilai WTP. Hasil analisis pada tarif eksisting pada Stasiun BNI City/Manggarai sebesar Rp.70.000,- didapat nilai ATP dan WTP masing-masing adalah Rp. 75.260,- dan Rp. 63.887,-. Nilai ATP dan WTP untuk Stasiun Duri masing-masing adalah Rp. 75.260,- dan Rp. 64.424,-. Dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai ATP lebih besar dibandingan WTP dan nilai WTP lebih kecil dibandingan tarif eksisting. Data ini menunjukkan bahwa tarif yang berlaku saat ini tidak sepadan dengan pelayanan yang diterima.

scholarly journals Facilitating User Involvement in Activation Programmes: When Carers and Clerks Meet Pawns and Queens

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNE BRITT DJUVE ◽  
HANNE C. KAVLI
Keyword(s):  
Human Factor ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
User Involvement ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
User Influence ◽  
The Individual

AbstractUser involvement has become an explicit goal within social service provision. Even so, the term remains ambiguous, and its implementation troublesome. Implementation theory lists a number of factors influencing bureaucratic behaviour; in this paper we investigate the ‘human factor’. Our ambition is to provide a framework for analysis of user influence in activation programmes that includes the individual characteristics of both service users and service providers. Building on theoretical insights from the literature on activation and agency, we develop a framework that distinguishes between two ideal types of service users: Pawns and Queens, and two types of service providers: care-oriented Carers and rule-oriented Clerks. This framework is then applied to identify key challenges for the interaction between users and caseworkers in two challenging situations: when service users express little or no agency and when they express agency that is incompatible with the overall goals of the programme. We find that Carers show pronounced reluctance to overrule the choices made by service users even when they have conflicting views – and tend to postpone decisions when they interact with Pawns. Clerks tend to overrule the decisions of Queens when they have conflicting views, and to make decisions on behalf of Pawns. The analysis draws on data collected from 126 qualitative interviews with service providers and participants in the Norwegian Introductory Programme for immigrants and a survey of 320 caseworkers.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Motivational Readiness for Professional Self-determination in Adolescents in Specific Social Situations of Development

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.S. Aron
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Motivational Readiness ◽  
Professional Self ◽  
The Individual

We present the results of investigation of the motivational component of psychological readiness for professional self-determination in adolescents in specific social situations of development. It was assumed that in a particular deficit social situation of development under the influence of negative social context the formation of motivational readiness for professional self-determination is hindered. We revealed significant differences in the level of development of motivational readiness for professional self-determination of pupils of the school for children with behavioral problems, pupils of boarding school for orphans and pupils of regular secondary school. It is shown that the motivational sphere of adolescents with deviant behavior and adolescents without parental care is characterized by focus on the failure avoidance, predominance of external motives of choice of profession, lack of awareness of their values and motives. The obtained results can serve as a basis for the development of technologies of psychological and pedagogical support of professional self-determination of teenagers with consideration of their age and development and of the individual characteristics due to the aggravation of social situation of development.

An Algorithm for the Rational Choice of Sodium Profile during Hemodialysis

1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 659-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ursino ◽  
L. Colì ◽  
V. Dalmastri ◽  
F. Volpe ◽  
G. La Manna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Dialysis Session ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Dialysate Sodium

The incidence of intradialytic disequilibrium syndrome and symptomatic hypotension has increased significantly among dialysis patients over the last ten years. Profiled hemodialysis (PHD) is a new technique, based on the intradialytic modulation of dialysate sodium concentration, which aspires to reduce to previous imbalances. This paper presents a new algorithm for the determination of a rational dialysate sodium profile during PHD. A mathematical model of solute kinetics, monocompartmental for sodium and bicompartmental for urea is used. The algorithm allows the sodium profile to be elaborated a priori before each dialysis session, respecting the individual sodium mass removal and weight gain. A procedure allowing the adjustment of the method to the individual characteristics, on the basis of routine measurements performed before each session is also presented. The method was validated during seven dialysis sessions. Comparison between data measured in vivo and those predicted by the model showed standard deviations corresponding to the range of laboratory measurement errors: 1.50 mEq/L for sodium and 0.87 mmol/L for urea. In vivo implementation of PHD by our algorithm allows one to remove an amount of sodium close to that established a priori on the basis of patient's need.

scholarly journals Optimization of structural brickwork laying joints in concrete blocks

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-134
Author(s):  
M. V. S. CAVALCANTI ◽  
A. M. X. FRANCISCO ◽  
D. M. RODRIGUES ◽  
D. G. SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Axial Compression ◽  
Behavioral Model ◽  
Masonry Structure ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Statistical Analyses ◽  
Analytical Relation ◽  
Joint Thickness ◽  
Concrete Blocks ◽  
The Individual

Abstract One of the challenges in the investigation of structural masonry is the correlation between the thickness of the laying joints and the global resistance of the masonry. Many authors developed experimental correlations in the attempt to establish an analytical relation between the joint thickness and the resistance of the masonry. All these projects indicate that there are many parameters and considerations to be analyzed in the understanding this relation and in understanding the collapse of the masonry as a whole. Thus, in an attempt to contribute with this field of study, the present paper investigates the influence of the thickness of the mortar laying joint in the resistance of the masonry structure. With the objective of experimentally establishing a relation between the joint thickness and the resistance of the masonry, rupture trials were held to the axial compression of three block prisms laid with five series of thicknesses: 8mm, 12.5mm, 10mm, 15mm and 20mm. The physical and mechanic description of all the components that made up the masonry were done separately, complying with the regulations. Through a simplified statistical analyses, presented at the end of this study, values of resistance of each series of prisms associated to a specific thickness for the laying joint are shown. Through the comparison of the specific results of the analyzed specimen, we arrived at the suggestion of a better performance joint and it was also possible to establish a behavioral tendency, through the comparison of results, helping in the understanding of how the block-joint set behave monolithically from the determination of the individual characteristics of each element. Which is one of the keys that will permit the constructions of a behavioral model capable of assisting structural analysts in their structural masonry dimensioning techniques.

scholarly journals Analisis Perbedaan Individual dan Implikasi dalam Proses Pembelajaran

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1317
Author(s):  
Firmansyah Firmansyah
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Learning Objectives ◽  
Classroom Research ◽  
Classroom Teachers ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Individual

This study discusses several aspects of differences in general for each individual which includes, among others, differences in aspects: biological, psychological, intelligence, gender, ethnicity, and so on, as well as their implications in the learning process in the classroom. This research is library research, which aims to collect information related to individual differences and their implications in the learning process in the classroom. Research data collection was carried out using documentation techniques. The data analysis used inductive analysis. Based on the data analysis that has been done, it can be concluded that the individual characteristics of each lie in the biological (physiological) aspect, as well as the psychological aspect. These two aspects form a certain behavior in humans that makes them different from other humans. In addressing these differences, in the learning process in the classroom, teachers should be creative in managing the learning process in the classroom so that learning objectives can be achieved optimally.

scholarly journals A SINGLE-BAMPLE METHOD FOR ESTIMATING RESISTANCE OF PARTS

2018 ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
A.G. Kibakov ◽  
Yu.M. Khomyak
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Resistance ◽  
Endurance Limit ◽  
Fatigue Curve ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Fractographic Analysis ◽  
Approximate Estimate ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Weibull Equation

The determination of the individual characteristics of the fatigue resistance of the objects is proposed using fractographic analysis of their fractures, which gives an approximate estimate of the voltage corres-ponding to one cycle and allows one to construct an oblique portion of the fatigue curve from the test of one object and calculate the endurance limit from the Weibull equation.

scholarly journals Refractive Errors in Children with Retinoblastoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
S. V. Saakyan ◽  
A. Iu. Tsygankov ◽  
S. S. Tadevosyan ◽  
A. A. Makarova ◽  
L. V. Kogoleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Tumor Localization ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
Total Cohort ◽  
Tumor Lesion ◽  
Bilateral Retinoblastoma ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Healthy Eyes

Purpose. Analysis of refractive errors’ frequency in children with retinoblastoma.Patients and Methods. A retrospective study included 57 children with retinoblastoma (31 male and 26 female) who received treatment in 2013–2017. The criteria for patient selection was the presence of mono- or bilateral retinoblastoma, as well as autorefractometry of both eyes before treatment. In all cases, the study was performed with cycloplegia. The parameters studied included gender, age at the time of the initial examination, visual acuity, spherical and cylindrical component of refraction, the axis of the cylinder.Results. Bilateral retinoblastoma was determined in 34 children (59.6 %), the average age of the patients was 18.0 ± 2.6 months. Monolateral retinoblastoma was detected in 23 patients (40.4 %), the average age at the time of check-up was 26.2 ± 3.1 months. In total, anisometropia of more than 2.0 diopters was detected in 14 patients (24.6 %), of which with monolateral RB in 6 patients (26.1 %) and in bilateral patients in 8 (23.5 %). In 26 cases (45.6 %) anisometropia was determined from 1.0 to 2.0 diopters, of which 41.1 % (n = 14) with bilateral lesion and 52.1 % (n = 12) with monolateral. The frequency of hyperopia over 3.0 diopters in the total cohort was 25.2 %, myopia 3.3 %. Significant differences (p = 0.025) were obtained by comparing the frequency of astigmatism determination of more than 1.0 D (39.6 % in the total cohort versus 13.0 % for healthy eyes). When analyzing the frequency of ametropia depending on age, a trend was observed (0.05 < p < 0.1) to reduce the frequency of hypermetropia and increase the frequency of astigmatism. Additionally, an analysis of the astigmatism’s frequency depending on the tumor localization was made. Patients with central or paracentral localization of the tumor lesion amounted to 69.4 % (n = 25), and from the peripheral — 30.6 % (n = 11) (p = 0.002).Conclusions. In this paper, we analyzed the frequency and nature of refractive errors in children with monolateral and bilateral retinoblastoma. The identified risk factors may affect the development of refractive amblyopia in children with retinoblastoma in more adulthood, which requires the development of an individual approach to the correction of refractive disorders taking into account the localization of tumor foci, the nature of the lesion and the individual characteristics of patients.

ANALISA TARIF ANGKUTAN UMUM BERDASARKAN BIAYA OPERASIONAL KENDARAAN, ATP DAN WTP

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sekar Arum ◽  
Samin .
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Ability To Pay ◽  
The Public ◽  
City Bus ◽  
The City

ANALISA TARIF ANGKUTAN UMUM BERDASARKAN  BIAYA OPERASIONAL KENDARAAN, ATP  DAN WTPAnalysis of Public Transport Rates Based Vehicle Operating Costs , And WTP ATPSekar Arum1 & Samin21,2Jurusan Sipil Fakultas Teknik Sipil Universitas Muhammadiyah MalangAlamat Korespondensi : Jl. Raya Tlogomas No.246, Malang (0341) 464318Email : 1)[email protected] determination of trasportation tariff needs a wise manangement and policy because for able to bridge the passengers’ interest as the consumers and the public trasportation operator. NUANSA INDAH city bus a public trasportation servers the strategic areas which is expected to represent the publick trasportation passengers particularly city bus in kab. Paser. Data is collected by distribute questionnaire to passngers of NUANSA INDAH city bus and also interview whit NUANSA INDAH bus operators, output of data analysus is to find out amount of vehicle Oprational Cost (BOK) by NUANSA INDAH and to find out the passengers’ ability to pay and willingness to pay the city bus tariff. The result of research shows tariff based on BOK is 14.140,4, based on ability to pay (ATP) on wekday is Rp. 22.500 for public category and Rp 12.500 for public category and Rp  22.500 for student category. The value of Willingness To Pay (WTP) on weekday is Rp 22.291,9 for public category and is Rp. 22.656,25 for student category. WTP on weekend season is Rp. 23.100,172 for public category and Rp. Rp. 19.192,30 for student category.Keywords : tariff, vehicle Oprational Cost (BOK), ability to pay (ATP), (WTP).AbstrakPenentuan besaran tarif angkutan membutuhkan penanganan dan kebijakan yang arif, Data di dapat dengan penyebaran kuisioner kepada pengguna angkutan bus PO. NUANSA INDAH dan juga wawancara dengan pengelola bus PO. NUANSA INDAH kemudian data di analisis, hasil data analisis untuk memenuhi besarnya biaya oprasional kendaraan (BOK) yang di keluarkan oleh oprator PO. NUANSA INDAH dan mengetahui daya beli penumpang dari kemampuan (ability) dan kemauan (willingeness) untuk membayar tarif bus kota. Hasil analisis dan menunjukan tarif berdasarkan BOK Rp. 14.140,4, berdasarkan Ability To Pay (ATP) pada hari kerja sebesar Rp. 22.500 untuk kategori umum dan Rp. 12.500 untuk kategori pelajar pada hari libur sebesar Rp. 22.500 untuk kategori umum dan Rp. 12.500 untuk kategori pelajar. Besarnya nilai Willingness To Pay (WTP) pada hari kerja sebesar Rp. 22.291,9 untuk kategori umum dan Rp 22.656,25 untuk kategori pelajar hari libur sebesar Rp. 23.100,172 untuk kategori umum dan Rp. 19.192,30 untuk kategori pelajar. Kata kunci : tarif Biaya Oprasional Kendaraan BOK, ATP dan WTP

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