scholarly journals PENYEBAB CHANGE ORDER PADA PROYEK KONSTRUKSI GEDUNG BERTINGKAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 511
Author(s):  
Adi Ananias Ardine ◽  
Hendrik Sulistio
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Change Orders ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
High Rise ◽  
High Rise Building ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Change Order

The number of high rise building construction projects in Jabodetabek area continues to grow. The main reason is increasing population of the region, so that development in the vertical direction becomes a solution. There are three important criteria in every construction project, namely cost, quality, and time. These criteria must be agreed upon and regulated in the form of a contract. Based on prior research, change orders cannot be avoided in every construction project. Change order can give complex impact and able to harm related parties. To minimize and anticipate the occurrence of change orders, it is necessary to know the factors that can cause changes in a contract. The factors that have been determined from the results of the literature study are compiled into a questionnaire to find out the main causes of change orders. The questionnaire was distributed to owners, contractors and consultants in high rise building projects in Jabodetabek area. PLS-SEM is used as a method for analyzing data in this study with the help of the smartPLS 3.0 program. From the results of the analysis carried out, obtained two factors that have a significant influence on the change order, namely construction factors and administrative factors.  ABSTRAKJumlah proyek konstruksi gedung bertingkat di wilayah Jabodetabek terus bertumbuh. Alasan utama karena kondisi wilayah yang semakin padat, sehingga pengembangan pembangunan ke arah vertikal menjadi solusi. Terdapat tiga kriteria penting yang menjadi fokus dalam setiap proyek konstruksi, yaitu biaya, mutu, dan waktu. Kriteria-kriteria tersebut harus disepakati dan diatur oleh pihak-pihak yang terlibat sesuai dengan ketentuan peraturan yang berlaku dalam bentuk kontrak. Berdasarkan penelitian terdahulu, perubahan atau change order merupakan hal yang umum dan tidak dapat dihindari dalam setiap proyek konstruksi. Change order memberikan dampak yang kompleks, sehingga sangat berpengaruh terhadap kinerja suatu proyek konstruksi dan dapat merugikan pihak-pihak yang terlibat di dalamnya. Untuk meminimalisir serta mengantisipasi terjadinya change order, maka perlu untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang dapat menyebabkan perubahan dalam suatu kontrak pada proyek konstruksi gedung bertingkat. Faktor-faktor yang sudah ditentukan dari hasil studi literatur disusun menjadi sebuah kuesioner untuk mengetahui penyebab utama dari change order. Penyebaran kuesioner tersebut dilakukan terhadap owner, kontraktor, dan konsultan pada proyek gedung bertingkat di wilayah Jabodetabek. PLS-SEM digunakan sebagai metode untuk menganalisis data pada penelitian ini dengan bantuan program smartPLS 3.0. Dari hasil analisis yang dilakukan, didapat dua faktor yang memiliki nilai pengaruh signifikan terhadap change order, yaitu faktor konstruksi dan faktor administrasi.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Construction Failure Factors to Stakeholder Coordinating Performance in the Finishing Phase of High-Rise Building Projects

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Viet T. Nguyen ◽  
Sy T. Do ◽  
Nhat M. Vo ◽  
Thu A. Nguyen ◽  
Son V. H. Pham
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Project Planning ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
High Rise ◽  
High Rise Building ◽  
Building Project ◽  
Construction Works ◽  
Failure Factors

A poorly coordinated performance among stakeholders in the finishing phase can impair the performance of a high-rise building project. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze construction failure factors (CFFs) to stakeholder coordinating performance (SCP) in the finishing phase of high-rise building projects and to uncover their underlying relationships. CFFs to SCP in construction projects, especially in the finishing phase of high-rise building projects, have not yet been discovered. The study identified 30 CFFs to the SCP and ranked them according to the perspective of the stakeholders, including owners/consultants and contractors/subcontractors. Additionally, four factors of the CFFs, namely, traditional adversarial relationship, poor project planning and organization, incompetent parties, and delays of parties toward construction works were extracted by the factor analysis method. This study fills the gap in knowledge related to the coordination performance in construction projects. The findings could help stakeholders to enhance their coordinating performance in high-rise building projects.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI RISIKO CHANGE ORDER PROYEK KONSTRUKSI JALAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 225
Author(s):  
Mega Waty ◽  
Hendrik Sulistio
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Intermediate Frequency ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Construction Work ◽  
Change Orders ◽  
Change Order ◽  
The Cost

A Change Order is a written and legal work order that changes the scope of the original contract, with compensation that has been agreed upon by the owner and the contractor. Changes can be in the form of adding or reducing the scope of work, changing materials, or changing schedules. Change Order causes the cost of contract items to swell, planning errors and negligence as well as changes in scope that can be reduced by sharpening planning results. The scope of research on road construction in Indonesia, especially in DKI Jakarta and Banten provinces. This study aims to determine the identification of change orders in road construction projects. Data obtained from real data on road construction projects from 2013-2018 on 16 road construction project packages in the form of road construction project addendum contracts. Based on the addendum contract, added work, less work, addition of new items and removal of work items are determined. The identification of change order risk is seen from three aspects, namely the addition and reduction of work items, the removal of items and the addition of new items and the wishes of the owner, thereby increasing the cost of the change order contract. This study found 732 changes in construction work items. Risk identification is obtained from the frequency of changes above 35% which is an intermediate frequency that tends to increase the occurrence of change orders. The results of risk identification were obtained for 31 construction work items, the highest percentage was for Thermoplastic Road Marking work, followed by 30 other construction work items. Keywords: risk identification; change orders; road construction projects  AbstrakChange Order adalah perintah kerja tertulis dan sah  yang mengubah lingkup kontrak semula, dengan kompensasi  yang sudah disetujui oleh pemilik dan  kontraktor.  Perubahan dapat berupa penambahan atau pengurangan lingkup pekerjaan, perubahan material, atau perubahan jadwal. Change Order menyebabkan biaya  item kontrak membengkak, kesalahan perencanaan dan kelalaian serta perubahan ruang lingkup yang dapat dikurangi dengan mempertajam hasil perencanaan.. Lingkup penelitian pada konstruksi jalan di Indonesia khususnya  provinsi DKI Jakarta dan Banten. Penelitian  bertujuan untuk  mengetahui  identifikasi change order proyek konstruksi jalan. Data didapat dari data riil proyek konstruksi jalan dari tahun 2013- 2018 pada 16 paket proyek konstruksi jalan berupa kontrak addendum proyek konstruksi jalan. Berdasarkan kontrak addendum maka ditentukan pekerjaan tambah, pekerjaan kurang, penambahan item baru dan penghilangan item pekerjaan. Identifikasi risiko change order dilihat dari tiga aspek yakni penambahan dan pengurangan item pekerjaan, penghilangan item dan penambahan item baru dan keinginan dari pihak owner sehingga meningkatkan biaya kontrak change order.  Penelitian ini mendapatkan 732 perubahan  item pekerjaan konstruksi.  Identifikasi risiko didapat dari  frekuensi perubahan diatas 35% yang merupakan frekuensi menengah yang cenderung meningkatkan terjadinya change order. Hasil identifikasi risiko didapat pada  31 item pekerjaan konstruksi, yang tertinggi persentase pada pekerjaan  Marka Jalan Termoplastik, diikuti 30 item pekerjaan konstruksi lainnya.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF CHANGE ORDER IMPACT FACTORS ON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT PERFORMANCE USING ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP)

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
Murat Gunduz ◽  
Khaled Omar Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Analytic Hierarchy Process ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Project Performance ◽  
Important Change ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Change Orders ◽  
Change Order ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Complexity is very high in construction project and constrained by money and time. Change orders are commonly required during the execution of construction projects. They may increase, omit or adjust tasks in the project. Change orders affect the performance of construction job because they disturb current jobs and affect their schedule. The motive behind this study is to outline a complete assessment on change orders impacts. A review on past studies was performed to capture change order factors that affect project performance. Literature review and interviews with the industry professionals were used to finalize the factors into 16 critical factors. A questionnaire was distributed to industry specialists to capture the effect of these 16 factors on project performance. Complete answers of 102 surveys were received. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Relative Important Index (RII) were utilized to analyze the responses. This study differs from other past studies by studying change order impact factors on three different change order types namely additional, omission and substitutional works. The most important change orders impacts factors as per the analysis outcomes are increased project management efforts, increased project re-planning, loss of efficiency due to work interruption, increased reworks/demolition works and delay of payments. This paper would help construction professionals to recognize change order impacts and would assist them in taking proactive actions to limit these impacts.

scholarly journals The cost of implementing OHSMS regulation on high-rise building projects

2019 ◽  
Vol 270 ◽  
pp. 05007
Author(s):  
Reini D. Wirahadikusumah ◽  
Felix Adhiwira
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Cost Allocation ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
High Rise ◽  
High Rise Building ◽  
The Cost

In 2014, the Ministry of Public Works and Housing have published regulation that require the full implementation of Occupational Safety and Health Management System or short as OHSMS (known as SMK3 in Indonesia) in all phases of construction projects. The so called PerMenPUPR 5/2014 imposed an allocation of cost specific for OHSMS in the owner’s estimate, which was later updated as PerMenPUPR 2/2018 for minor adjustments in the regulation. This regulation was supported with guidelines for project managers on estimating the cost allocation for OHSMS. However, the initiative to address safety issues more comprehensively has been ineffective. The directive has not been seriously implemented by stakeholders on public projects. Thus, to help convince all stakeholders, more quantitative evidence on the costs for implementing OHSMS is pursued. This study is to determine the percentage of costs allocated by contractors for the procurement of OHSMS components. Data were collected from surveys to eight construction sites of high-rise building projects in Jakarta and Bandung. Based on interviews, questionnaires, and supporting documents from each case study, the cost of implementing the regulation was simulated and estimated. The cost allocation ranges from 2.01% to 3.70% of the contract value. The most significant components of the costs were related to OSH personnel (44.10%), insurance and licensing (35.2%), and OSH induction and promotion (5.82%).

scholarly journals ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENYEBAB KETERLAMBATAN WAKTU PADA PEKERJAAN BASEMENT GEDUNG BERTINGKAT SEMI TOP-DOWN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1335
Author(s):  
Joshua Wangsadiputra ◽  
Jane Sekarsari
Keyword(s):  
Construction Project ◽  
Test Reliability ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Building Projects ◽  
Productivity Level ◽  
High Rise ◽  
High Rise Building ◽  
Importance Index ◽  
Building Project

Time delays in construction project will be very detrimental for both the provider and user of construction service because it can cause a conflict which leads to time demand and additional cost. The timeliness in construction of basement is one of the important aspect to gain a success at construction project, remembering basement is an early phase of development at high-rise building project. The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that can cause time delay in high-rise building semi top-down basement work. The research method used in this study is quantitative and descriptive approach with questionnaire distribution to some high-rise building projects with semi top-down basement. With the help of SPSS software, next step is to analyzing the data in the form of a validity test, reliability test, normality test, and Relative Importance Index (RII) test. The result of this study shows 5 factors that cause the most influence the delay of semi top-down basement work based on the importance ranking is variation and changes of order by owner, low productivity level of labors, leak on the diaphragm wall, repeated changes rebar layout due to space that too narrow, and material delivery delays. ABSTRAKKeterlambatan waktu pada pelaksanaan proyek akan sangat merugikan para pelaku jasa konstruksi karena dapat menyebabkan konflik yang berujung terjadinya tuntutan waktu dan biaya tambahan. Ketepatan waktu pada pekerjaan basement merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam kelancaran suatu proyek konstruksi, mengingat basement merupakan salah satu pembangunan tahap awal pada proyek gedung bertingkat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi keterlambatan waktu pada pekerjaan basement semi-top down. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada studi ini adalah pendekatan secara deskriptif kuantitatif dengan penyebaran kuesioner kepada beberapa proyek gedung bertingkat dengan basement semi top-down. Selanjutnya, dilakukan pengolahan data dengan bantuan software SPSS berupa uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji normalitas, dan Relative Importance Index (RII). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, terdapat 5 faktor yang paling mempengaruhi keterlambatan pekerjaan basement semi top-down menurut tingkat pengaruhnya yaitu perubahan perintah kerja dan variasi dari owner, produktivitas pekerja lapangan yang rendah, terjadi kebocoran pada Dinding Penahan Tanah (DPT), pengaturan tata letak penyimpanan tulangan yang berulang-ulang akibat lahan yang terlalu sempit, dan pengiriman material yang terlambat.

scholarly journals PENGARUH CHANGE ORDER TERHADAP BIAYA, MUTU, DAN WAKTU PADA PROYEK KONSTRUKSI GEDUNG BERTINGKAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1349
Author(s):  
Hendy Eka Putra ◽  
Hendrik Sulistio
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Change Orders ◽  
Project Completion ◽  
Work Volume ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Change Order ◽  
Storey Building

The implementation of the construction project caused miscommunication, this made the contract became a reference during implementation. In the implementation of construction projects, there are often changes that not according to contract, for example: work volume changes, specifications changes, type or method of work changes, schedules changes , design changes, and others. These changes are commonly known as change orders. There are several things that cause a change order, for example: incompletable contract, design does not fit in the field, unsupportive weather, and others. This research is to determine the effect of change order in the aspects of cost, quality, and time in multi-storey building construction projects. Researchers used data from the responses of respondents consisting of contractors, consultants, and owners. The questionnaire made proposes several aspects of change orders and their effects on cost, quality, and time. Analysis of research data was carried out with the help of the SmartPLS 3.0 application program. The influence of change orders on costs is the lack of costs due to the addition of work items, while on quality is the quality decrease due to additional work volume, and on time is the delay in project completion due to changes in completed work.ABSTRAKPelaksanaan proyek konstruksi menyebabkan terjadi perbedaan pendapat yang disebabkan oleh pihak yang terlibat, hal ini membuat kontrak menjadi sangat penting dan menjadi acuan selama pelaksanaan. Pada pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi sering terjadi perubahan-perubahan yang akhirnya tidak sesuai dengan kontrak sebelumnya contohnya seperti: perubahan volume pekerjaan, perubahan spesifikasi, perubahan jenis atau metode pekerjaan, perubahan jadwal, perubahan design, dan lain-lain. Perubahan ini umum sekali terjadi dalam proyek konstruksi dan lebih sering dikenal sebagai change order.  Ada beberapa hal yang menyebabkan perlunya dilakukan change order, misalnya: kontrak yang dibuat tidak lengkap, design yang ada tidak sesuai dengan kondisi lapangan, cuaca yang tidak mendukung, dan lain-lain. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui besar pengaruh change order dalam aspek biaya, mutu, dan waktu dalam proyek konstruksi gedung bertingkat. Peneliti menggunakan data dari hasil tanggapan responden yang terdiri dari kontraktor, konsultan, dan pemilik. Kuesioner yang dibuat mengajukan beberapa aspek mengenai change order serta pengaruhnya terhadap biaya, mutu, dan waktu. Analisis data penelitian dilakukan dengan bantuan program aplikasi SmartPLS 3.0. Pengaruh change order terhadap biaya adalah kurangnya biaya akibat penambahan item pekerjaan, sedangkan terhadap mutu adalah menurunnya kualitas bangunan akibat penambahan volume pekerjaan, dan terhadap waktu adalah terjadinya keterlambatan penyelesaian proyek akibat perubahan pekerjaan yang telah selesai.

A dynamic Modelling of Labor Productivity Impacts Arising from Change Orders in Road Projects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zain Ghazi Al-Kofahi ◽  
Amirsaman Mahdavian ◽  
Amr Oloufa
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Productivity Loss ◽  
Dynamic Modelling ◽  
Change Orders ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Road Projects ◽  
Change Order ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sd Model

It is vital to investigate the system dynamics (SD) between the change orders and labor productivity to identify the causes of the productivity loss of the construction projects. Most productivity loss studies were financed from the contractor’s part and rely on the contractor’s data. This research highlighted the problem of productivity loss resulting from issuance of a change order by utilizing a previously developed SD model. It conducted a sensitivity analysis to evaluate the impact of overtime, overmanning, temperature and learning on the behavior of the SD model quantifying change orders' impact on labor productivity. Based on the results, SD provides more reliable results comparing with the measured mile analysis (MMA) approach for the compensation request, considering the leading factors affecting the productivity loss other than the change order. The model developed in this study can accept or reject the responsibility of a change order for occurrence of productivity loss.

scholarly journals Analysis of administrative barriers in the industry of the high-rise construction in Russian Federation

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 03010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Zaychenko ◽  
Alexandra Borremans ◽  
Svetlana Gutman
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Construction Project ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Low Level ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Administrative Procedures

The article describes the concept and types of administrative barriers encountered in various areas of the enterprise. The particularities of the Russian high-rise construction industry are described and a comparative analysis of administrative barriers in this sector is performed. The main stages and administrative procedures when the developers implement investment and construction projects in the field of high-rise construction are determined. The regulatory and legal framework for the implementation of investment and project activities in the high-rise construction industry has been studied and conclusions have been drawn on its low level of precision in the issue of the formation of competitive and efficient high-rise construction markets. The average number of administrative procedures for the implementation of the investment and construction project in the field of high-rise construction is determined. The factors preventing the reduction of administrative barriers in the high-rise construction industry are revealed.

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