EFEK PENULARAN COVID-19 BAGI USAHA MIKRO KECIL (UMK) PERSPEKTIF UNDANG-UNDANG CIPTA KERJA

Pagebluk corona resulted in a critical health condition of the public and disrupted the economy of the archipelago. The impact of the corona pagebluk in Indonesia; business sector, especially the Micro Small Business (UMK) sector. Some MSE actors have difficulty paying debts and employee salaries and even fire their employees, funding difficulties so that they are constrained in buying raw materials, declining buyers, closed access so that distribution and production are hampered. Micro and Small Enterprises (UMK) are the most important pillars in the Indonesian economy. The large number of Indonesian MSEs is related to all the obstacles in the field, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. The normative legal method is used in this study, the focus is on 'secondary data' covering primary; secondary; tertiary legal materials. Qualitative approach with descriptive research nature. The government's efforts to raise the MSE class for a long-term strategy through the CK Law. A legal entity business unit makes it easier for MSEs to run their business. This makes it easier for MSEs to get capital assistance from banks. With the help of definite capital, it will be easier for his business to develop. In order to survive and develop, MSEs make several legal efforts, register their businesses, obtain halal permits and certificates, register brands, make cooperation agreements with relevant agencies, form or join MSE organizations. MSEs as the biggest supporter of the economy must receive special attention from the Indonesian government, so that they can become masters in their own country. All matters relating to government policies in tackling COVID-19 must consider the economic aspect, so as to avoid a deep downturn in MSEs actors. Pagebluk corona mengakibatkan kegentingan kondisi sehat khalayak dan mengacaukan perekonomian nusantara. Imbas pagebluk corona di Indonesia; bidang bisnis, terutama sektor Usaha Mikro Kecil (UMK). Beberapa pelaku UMK mengalami kesulitan membayar hutang dan gaji karyawan bahkan memecat karyawannya, kesulitan pendanaan sehingga terkendala dalam membeli bahan baku, menurunnya pembeli, tertutupnya akses sehingga penyaluran dan produksi terhambat. Usaha Mikro Kecil (UMK) merupakan pilar terpenting dalam perekonomian Indonesia. Banyaknya UMK Indonesia berkaitan dengan segala hambatan di lapangan, terutama dimasa pandemi covid-19. Menggunakan metode hukum normatif, fokusnya “data sekunder” meliputi “bahan hukum primer;sekunder;tersier”. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan sifat penelitian deskriptif. Upaya pemerintah untuk menaikkan kelas UMK untuk strategi jangka panjang melalui UU CK. Unit usaha berbadan hukum memudahkan UMK menjalankan usahanya. Sehingga memudahkan UMK mendapat bantuan modal dari bank. Dengan bantuan permodalan yang pasti maka usahanya akan lebih mudah berkembang. Agar dapat survive dan berkembang UMK melakukan beberapa upaya hukum, mendaftarkan usahanya, mendapatkan perijinan dan sertifikat halal, mendaftarkan merek, membuat perjanjian kesepakatan kerjasama dengan instansi terkait, membentuk atau bergabung dalam organisasi UMK. UMK sebagai pendukung perekonomian terbesar harus mendapat perhatian khusus dari pemerintah Indonesia, sehingga bisa menjadi tuan di negerinya sendiri. Segala hal yang berhubungan dengan kebijaksanaan pemerintah dalam menanggulangi cov-19 harus mempertimbangkan segi ekonomi, sehingga menghindari keterpurukan mendalam pelaku UMK.

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The Development of Digital in the Covid-19 Pandemic

10.31219/osf.io/djrn6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Digna R. Nahak

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Small And Medium Enterprises ◽

Asian Development Bank ◽

Small Enterprises ◽

Domestic Economy ◽

Development Bank ◽

Micro And Small Enterprises ◽

Medium Enterprises ◽

Almost All ◽

The Impact

The global Covid-19 pandemic that has plagued all countries of the world has affect all sectors of people's lives. In Indonesia, almost all sectors experience impacts, especially the economic ecosystem which has been become the focus of society. Furthermore, the Covid-19 pandemic has made the slowdown in the economic sector in Indonesia with its various derivatives. The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector which is part of the most important sector of the economy is very important feel. This is what worried by all parties, because it has made the MSME sector experienced a significant decline. Moreover, currently many MSMEs are experiencing various problems such as: decrease in sales, capital, hampered distribution, difficulty in raw materials, decreased production and the occurrence of many layoffs for workers and hunting which later became a threat to the national economy. MSMEs as a driver of the domestic economy and a middle labor absorber face a decline in productivity which results in a decrease in profits significant. Even based on the related Asian Development Bank (ADB) survey, the impact of the pandemic on MSMEs in Indonesia, 88% of micro businesses run out of cash or savings, and more than 60% of these micro and small enterprises have reduced their workforce work.

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Pandemi COVID-19: Dampak Kesehatan, Ekonomi, & Sosial

Jurnal Litbang Media Informasi Penelitian Pengembangan dan IPTEK ◽

10.33658/jl.v17i1.249 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 17-34

Author(s):

Nurul Aeni

Keyword(s):

Supply And Demand ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Small Enterprises ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Goods And Services ◽

Poor Families ◽

Positive Growth ◽

Micro And Small Enterprises ◽

The Impact

ENGLISHCOVID-19 Pandemic started from March 2020 affected many aspects. This research aims to describe the impacts of pandemic on health, economic, and social in Pati District. It used both qualitative and quantitative approaches. It used secondary data that were obtained from relevant services and references. Then, the data were analyzed descriptively. This research resulted: (1) the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on health can be seen through the number of positive COVID-19 cases, mortality, and reduction in health service coverage. Higher positive COVID-19 cases were found in around the center of government and economic activities; (2) COVID-19 Pandemic has disturbed supply and demand of goods and services. This situation affected the decrease of economic growth. Pati’s economic structure is sustained by agriculture and manufactured that still showed positive growth. Thus, the economic slowdown caused the increase of unemployment, particularly on micro and small enterprises or household industries; (3) the impact of pandemic COVID-19 was represented by the poverty increase. Higher number of poor families was found in the areas having near-poor families and vulnerable ones. INDONESIAPandemi COVID-19 yang terjadi sejak bulan Maret 2020 memengaruhi segala aspek kehidupan. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendeskripsikan dampak pandemi dalam aspek kesehatan, ekonomi, dan kesehatan di Kabupaten Pati. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif secara bersama. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari instansi maupun referensi yang relevan. Selanjutnya data tersebut diolah secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian adalah (1) Dampak pandemi COVID-19 pada aspek kesehatan adalah jumlah kasus positif dan kematian yang cukup tinggi serta penurunan cakupan sebagian besar layanan kesehatan; kasus positif COVID-19 cukup tinggi terjadi di wilayah yang merupakan pusat pemerintahan atau dekat dengan pusat ekonomi; (2) Pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan perubahan penawaran dan permintaan barang dan jasa. Kondisi tersebut berdampak terhadap penurunan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Struktur perekonomian Kabupaten Pati ditopang oleh sektor usaha pertanian dan industri pengolahan yang masih menunjukkan pertumbuhan positif selama pandemi. Perlambatan ekonomi tersebut selanjutnya menyebabkan peningkatan pengangguran, terutama pada sektor usaha mikro dan kecil serta industri rumah tangga; (3) Dampak sosial pandemi COVID-19 di Kabupaten Pati terwakili oleh peningkatan kemiskinan, dimana peningkatan kemiskinan lebih tinggi terjadi di wilayah yang yang memiliki jumlah keluarga hampir dan rentan miskin tinggi.

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Impact of public intervention on micro and small enterprises performance in Ethiopia

International Journal of Emerging Markets ◽

10.1108/ijoem-10-2016-0259 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1108-1131 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manex Bule Yonis ◽

Tassew Woldehanna ◽

Wolday Amha

Keyword(s):

Support Programs ◽

Outcome Analysis ◽

Small Enterprises ◽

Business Practices ◽

Public Intervention ◽

Content Type ◽

The Public ◽

Micro And Small Enterprises ◽

The Impact ◽

Non Parametric

Purpose The effectiveness of any government interventions to support small firms is always a concern in achieving improvements in enterprise performances. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate thoroughly the impact of micro and small enterprises’ (MSEs’) support programs on core intermediate and final outcomes of interest. Design/methodology/approach The impact evaluation employs a non-parametric matching procedure for parametric outcome analysis using the propensity score matching (PSM) method. Aiming at a doubly robust evaluation process, the study applies parametric analyses than non-parametric permutation-based tests to investigate the causal effects of the public intervention. Findings The study reveals that the public intervention encouraged MSEs to develop innovative business practices and improve their human capital development process. Moreover, the intervention had a positive effect in expanding employment opportunities in urban areas. Contrariwise, the study shows that support beneficiaries are not at an advantage in investment intensity. The lower level of investment intensity on fixed capital resulted inefficiency among the recipients. Moreover, the intervention did not have an effect on changing the net-asset over time for the recipients. Practical implications This study implies that the support programs need to be dynamic and also targets on creating innovative high-growth MSEs. Originality/value This paper is fairly original and provides policy makers and MSE promoters/facilitators evidence-based information on the effectiveness of the support services, with looking at firm-level analysis.

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The Development of Digital MSME in the Covid-19 Pandemic

10.31219/osf.io/q7u2h ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Grace Ignacia Lukito

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Small And Medium Enterprises ◽

Asian Development Bank ◽

Small Enterprises ◽

Domestic Economy ◽

Development Bank ◽

Micro And Small Enterprises ◽

Medium Enterprises ◽

Almost All ◽

The Impact

The global Covid-19 pandemic that has plagued all countries of the world has affect allsectors of people's lives. In Indonesia, almost all sectors experience impacts, especially theeconomic ecosystem which has been become the focus of society. Furthermore, the Covid-19pandemic has made the slowdown in the economic sector in Indonesia with its variousderivatives. The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector which is part of the mostimportant sector of the economy is very important feel. This is what worried by all parties,because it has made the MSME sector experienced a significant decline. Moreover, currentlymany MSMEs are experiencing various problems such as: decrease in sales, capital, hampereddistribution, difficulty in raw materials, decreased production and the occurrence of many layoffsfor workers and hunting which later became a threat to the national economy. MSMEs as adriver of the domestic economy and a middle labor absorber face a decline in productivity whichresults in a decrease in profits significant. Even based on the related Asian Development Bank(ADB) survey, the impact of the pandemic on MSMEs in Indonesia, 88% of micro businessesrun out of cash or savings, and more than 60% of these micro and small enterprises have reducedtheir workforce work.

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The Development of Digital MSME in the Covid-19 Pandemic

10.31219/osf.io/zu3hd ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Rosari Digna

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Small And Medium Enterprises ◽

Asian Development Bank ◽

Small Enterprises ◽

Domestic Economy ◽

Development Bank ◽

Micro And Small Enterprises ◽

Medium Enterprises ◽

Almost All ◽

The Impact

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The Development of Digital in the Covid-19 Pandemic

10.31219/osf.io/p6sqg ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maria digan r nahak

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Small And Medium Enterprises ◽

Asian Development Bank ◽

Small Enterprises ◽

Domestic Economy ◽

Development Bank ◽

Micro And Small Enterprises ◽

Medium Enterprises ◽

Almost All ◽

The Impact

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Economic cost of congenital CMV in the UK

Archives of Disease in Childhood ◽

10.1136/archdischild-2018-316010 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 104 (6) ◽

pp. 559-563 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jenny Retzler ◽

Nick Hex ◽

Chris Bartlett ◽

Anne Webb ◽

Sharon Wood ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Sector ◽

Vaccine Development ◽

Cost Model ◽

Financial Burden ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Economic Cost ◽

Future Research ◽

The Public ◽

The Uk

ObjectiveCongenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is the most common infectious cause of congenital disability. It can disrupt neurodevelopment, causing lifelong impairments including sensorineural hearing loss and developmental delay. This study aimed, for the first time, to estimate the annual economic burden of managing cCMV and its sequelae in the UK.DesignThe study collated available secondary data to develop a static cost model.SettingThe model aimed to estimate costs of cCMV in the UK for the year 2016.PatientsIndividuals of all ages with cCMV.Main outcome measuresDirect (incurred by the public sector) and indirect (incurred personally or by society) costs associated with management of cCMV and its sequelae.ResultsThe model estimated that the total cost of cCMV to the UK in 2016 was £732 million (lower and upper estimates were between £495 and £942 million). Approximately 40% of the costs were directly incurred by the public sector, with the remaining 60% being indirect costs, including lost productivity. Long-term impairments caused by the virus had a higher financial burden than the acute management of cCMV.ConclusionsThe cost of cCMV is substantial, predominantly stemming from long-term impairments. Costs should be compared against investment in educational strategies and vaccine development programmes that aim to prevent virus transmission, as well as the value of introducing universal screening for cCMV to both increase detection of children who would benefit from treatment, and to build a more robust evidence base for future research.

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The Roles of Micro and Small Enterprises in Empowering Women: The Case of Jimma Town, Ethiopia

International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding ◽

10.18415/ijmmu.v6i2.697 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 139

Author(s):

Bizuayehu Daba Feyisa ◽

Kaleb Amanu Tamene

Keyword(s):

Women Entrepreneurs ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Data Gathering ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Research Approach ◽

Small Enterprises ◽

Electric Power Supply ◽

Self Confidence ◽

Micro And Small Enterprises ◽

Jimma Town

The main aim of this study was to assess the roles of Micro and Small Enterprises in Empowering Women in Jimma Town. In this study, the researchers employed purely qualitative research approach. Purposive sampling technique was employed as appropriate sampling technique to select research participants. In addition to this, the researchers also used data gathering tools such as in-depth interview and non-participant observations. The study found out that Micro and Small enterprises in Jimma Town have played significant roles in empowering some women entrepreneurs economically and socially by improving their livelihoods, enhancing their self-confidence, decision making capacity, financial autonomy, freedom of mobility and also boosting their social-interactions. The study also found out that women entrepreneurs have been facing serious challenges against their business such as lack of appropriate working and selling places, market linkages, loan, and shortages of raw materials and frequent interruptions of electric power supply. So, the researchers recommended that all concerned government institutions shall try their level best to address such problems to advance women’s empowerment through micro and small enterprises to the best level.

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Biological Tools to Deal with Pollution : Selected Advances and Novel Perspectives

International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) ◽

10.11591/ijphs.v3i1.4675 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 57

Author(s):

Abdelaziz Ghanemi ◽

Besma Boubertakh

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

The Other ◽

Environment And Public Health ◽

The Public ◽

Other Hand ◽

Metabolic Properties ◽

Living Organisms ◽

The Impact

Pollution represents a problem common to economy and public health. Indeed, the public health, because of the divers’ type of pollutions, is facing divers challenges for which urgent solutions are required.The biology provides approaches not only to deal with the pollution, but also to obtain economic benefits. Some living organisms have particular metabolisms that allow them to assimilate and metabolite the polluting agents and thus reduce the impact they have on both environment and public health. On the other hand, the metabolic properties of specific organisms make the polluting elements raw materials to synthesize other elements that are benefits for economy and non-toxic for the ecology and the biohealth. Yet, other options such as the regulations and laws are required to improve the efficiency of these approaches.

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Implikasi Penerapan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2016 Tentang Pengampunan Pajak (Tax Amnesty) Dalam Meningkatkan Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak

Hukum dan Masyarakat Madani ◽

10.26623/humani.v7i1.1019 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Agus Saiful Abib ◽

Efi Yulistyowati ◽

Amri Panahatan Sihotang

Keyword(s):

Secondary Data ◽

Fiscal Year ◽

Tax Revenue ◽

Short Term ◽

Descriptive Research ◽

Tax Amnesty ◽

The Government ◽

To Come ◽

National Tax

Tahun 2016, pemerintah mengeluarkan kembali kebijakan Tax Amnesty yang dituangkan dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2016 tentang Pengampunan Pajak. Pengampunan Pajak (Tax Amnesty) ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan penerimaan pajak dalam jangka pendek melalui pembayaran uang tebusan, meningkatkan penerimaan pajak dalam jangka panjang melalui perluasan basis data pemajakan, meningkatkan kepatuhan Wajib Pajak, transisi ke sistem perpajakan baru yang lebih kuat dan adil, dan mendorong rekonsiliasi perpajakan nasional. Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut, untuk mengetahui apakah program Tax Amnesty Indonesia Tahun 2016 berhasil atau tidak, khususnya dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan wajib pajak, maka perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang : “Implikasi Penerapan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2016 tentang Pengampunan Pajak (Tax Amnesty) dalam Meningkatkan Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak”. Adapun permasalahan yang akan dibahas adalah bagaimana implikasi penerapan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2016 tentang Pengampunan Pajak (Tax Amnesty) dalam meningkatkan kepatuhan Wajib Pajak ? Berdasarkan implikasi tersebut, maka bagaimana sebaiknya pengaturan perpajakan yang akan datang ? Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut jenis penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif yang akan dikaji dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, spesifikasi penelitiannya diskriptif analitis, data yang dipergunakan data sekunder, yang dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implikasi penerapan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2016 tentang Pengampunan Pajak (Tax Amnesty) dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan Wajib Pajak, dan berdasarkan implikasi tersebut SE Dirjen Pajak No. SE - 06/PJ/2017 seharusnya tidak hanya untuk tahun pajak 2017 saja, tetapi juga untuk tahun-tahun yang akan datang. Di samping itu perlu ada peraturan yang mengatur tentang pengawasan terhadap pelaksanaan hak Wajib Pajak.<pre>In 2016, the government re-issue the Tax Amnesty policy as outlined in Law Number 11 Year 2016 on Tax Amnesty. The Tax Amnesty is expected to increase tax revenue in the short term through ransom payments, increase tax revenues over the long term through the expansion of taxation databases, increase taxpayer compliance, transition to a stronger and more just tax system, and encourage national tax reconciliation. In relation to this matter, to find out whether the program of Tax Amnesty Indonesia Year 2016 succeed or not, especially in increasing taxpayer compliance, it is necessary to do research on: "Implications Implementation of Law Number 11 Year 2016 on Tax Amnesty in Improving Taxpayer Compliance ". The problem to be discussed is how the implications of the implementation of Law Number 11 Year 2016 on Tax Amendment (Tax Amnesty) in improving taxpayer compliance? Based on these implications, then how should the taxation arrangements to come? Based on the problem, this type of research is normative juridical which will be studied with the approach of legislation, the analytical descriptive research specification, the data used secondary data, which analyzed qualitatively. The result of the research shows that the implication of the implementation of Law Number 11 Year 2016 on Tax Amnesty can improve Taxpayer compliance, and based on the implication of SE Dirjen Pajak No. SE - 06 / PJ / 2017 should not only be for the fiscal year 2017 alone, but also for the years to come. In addition, there should be a regulation that regulates the supervision of the implementation of taxpayers' rights.</pre>

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