scholarly journals Attitudes, Perceptions, Knowledge and Communication Interventions for Alcohol Exposed Pregnancies in Africa: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Apophia Agiresaasi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Communication Interventions

Information available reveals that there are low levels of adequate knowledge on specific dangers of drinking during pregnancy among women. The subject of effectiveness of communication interventions for alcohol exposed pregnancies has been grossly understudied.

Islamic Banking in Nigeria: Issues and Prospects

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuruddeen Abba Abdullahi
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Banking And Finance ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
Developmental Opportunities ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Nigerian Banking

The Nigerian banking reform precipitated the adoption of Islamic banking and finance in 2009 as additional door to banking mechanism in the country. However, the implementation of the Islamic banking or non-interest banking has generated a lot of debate, specifically because its foundations are based on Islamic religion. This paper briefly reviews the concept, the challenges and prospects of Islamic banking in Nigeria. The paper relies on the secondary sources by reviewing and analysing various works on the subject. A reflection on the size of its population and the developmental opportunities indicates that Nigeria has the prospect of becoming the hub centre of Islamic finance in Africa. Yet there are numerous challenges to the development of the Islamic banking system in the country, including misrepresentation of the system, lack of linkages and investment institutions, lack of adequate knowledge, as well as shroud business ethos and corruption, which is endemic in the country. The paper recommends the need for greater public awareness about Islamic banking and creation of enabling environment (i.e. the legal, accounting and taxation systems) for the working of Islamic financial system.   

scholarly journals Health as a Key Driver of Climate Change Communication. A Scoping Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shukrullah Ahmadi ◽  
Stefanie Schütte ◽  
Niamh Herlihy ◽  
Mathieu Hemono ◽  
Antoine Flahault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Climate Change Communication ◽  
Change Communication ◽  
The Subject

The negative implications of climate change for human health are now well-established. Yet these have not been fully considered into climate change communication strategies. Research suggests that reorienting climate change communication with a health frame could be a useful communication strategy. We conducted a long-term and broad overview of existing scientific literature in order to summarize the state of research activity in this area, by extent and by nature. The methodology is based on a scoping review of scientific articles published on climate change communication and health between 1990 and mid-2016 indexed in the PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science databases. The screened citations were reviewed for inclusion and data were extracted and coded in order to conduct quantitative (e.g. frequencies) and qualitative (i.e. content analysis) analyses.Out of 2,866 identified published papers, only 24 articles were eligible for analyses. The main themes identified were effective communication of climate change (n=10, 41.7%), the role of health professionals (n=10, 41.7%) and the perception of climate change (n=4, 16.7%). We identified a large proportion of secondary research articles (n= 15, 62.5%) including reviews (n=5, 20.8%) and opinion articles (n=10, 41.7%). A significant share - 37.57% (n=9) - of the identified articles were classified as original research articles, suggesting that the number of publications in this area - particularly original research - has not grown rapidly.This scoping review identified several themes including effective communication of climate change, the role of health professionals, and the perception of climate change in the selected articles on the subject. The research literature on the communication of climate change and health is relatively recent and emerging: the first articles on the subject were published from 2008 onward only.

scholarly journals Semantic Types of Subjects and Objects of the Verb LIE in American Corpus (COCA)

TEKNOSASTIK ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Elvi Citraresmana
Keyword(s):  
Social Group ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Human Group ◽  
Department Of State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Phrasal Verb ◽  
Semantic Types

This research discusses semantic types of subjects and objects of the verb lie and the phenomena of the usage of verb in American Corpus (COCA) from 1990 to 2012. This research describes the subjects who told lies frequently and the objects who received the lies from the subjects and what topics American usually had when they lied. The verb lie has two meanings, they are ‘not telling the truth’ and ‘to recline or lie down’. In this research, the verb lie refers to the meaning of ‘not telling the truth’. The corpus does not divide between those two meanings, so the writer collected and divided them manually. After that, the prospective ones were categorized based on frequency (F) in the highest, moderate, and low levels to be analyzed using descriptive-empirical method which is based on the speakers’ experiences. This was done to analyze and formulate the semantic types of the subjects of the verb ‘lie’ and the semantic types of the objects of the phrasal verb ‘lie to’ and ‘lie about’ during the period of 1990 until 2012. The theories are based on the corpus linguistics theory suggested by Firth (1957), Jones and Sinclair (1974), Sinclair et al. (2004), Cowie (1981, 1994) and Cowie et al. (1993), Stubbs (2002), Nesselhauf (2004),  McEnery and Hardie (2001, 2012). For the semantic types, this research refers to the theory of Sinclair (1991), Stubbs (2001), Dixon (2005), McEnery and Hardie (2012), and Hanks (1987, 2013). Lindquist (2009) inspired by Palmer (1933) proposes the adjacent collocation. The book published by Bureau of International Information Programs. U.S. Department of State (2005) was used in order to analyze the correlation between the phenomena of telling lies in America. The results of analysis show that the semantic types of the subjects are the subject as human, human group, human institution, and social group. The semantic types of the objects of phrasal verb of ‘lie to’ are institution, social group, and social human, human, human group. The semantic types of the objects of phrasal verb ‘lie about’ are social event, human action, human activity, and various things.Keywords: Adjacent collocation, corpus linguistics, frequency, semantic type

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE OF CARDIOLOGISTS RELATED TO PROPHYLAXIS OF RHEUMATIC FEVER IN SALVADOR- BA

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Rocha ◽  
Vitor Ruffini ◽  
Renata Martins ◽  
Alice Casé ◽  
Renan Coutinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Patient Adherence ◽  
Primary Prophylaxis ◽  
Benzathine Penicillin ◽  
Accuracy Rate ◽  
The Past ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Poor Patient ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Treatment And Diagnosis

Objective: Describe and analyze the knowledge of cardiologists on the prophylaxis of Rheumatic Fever (RF). Method: Application of questionnaire to cardiologists and cardiology residents March/2012 to December/2014. Results: The questionnaire was answered by 52 cardiologists 37 (71.8 %) specialists and 15 (28.9 %) cardiology residents. The average time for the formation of the group was 19.28 (±10.16) years, 39 (75 %) work in outpatient SUS, 34 (65%) in private practice. Of these 26 (50%) reported not having followed any cases of acute RF in the last year and 9 (17.3%) said they had not accompanied chronic RF cases last year. Among the 35 respondents (67.3%) report that they attended to most cases in the past and 37 (71.2 %) believe that there has been a decline in the disease. Although the majority, 47 (90.4 %) have knowledge about the last guideline of treatment and diagnosis of RF, the accuracy rate of all therapeutic options used in primary prophylaxis of these patients was 5 (9.6%) and secondary 7 (13.4 %), however 49 (94.2 %) made reference to benzathine penicillin as an option. Conclusions: The current study identified that, although RF is still an important clinical condition in our environment, the physicians interviewed did not show adequate knowledge on the subject, which could be related to poor patient adherence to RF prophylaxis. Greater attention should be devoted to continuing education on RF, which is a disease often neglected. 

scholarly journals Perception of residents in relation to Arborization in the municipality of Ibateguara, Alagoas, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1477-1485
Author(s):  
Maria José de Holanda Leite ◽  
Thamyres Valeriano Teixeira ◽  
Arrysson Cardoso da Silva ◽  
Cosme Ângelo da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Environmental Education ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Air Purification ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Structured Questionnaire ◽  
Solar Rays

The improvement of quality of life in urban environments can occur through afforestation, which contributes to air purification, improvement of the city's climate by retaining soil and air moisture, by generating shadow, preventing solar rays from affecting directly on people. The aim of this research was to evaluate the positive and negative environmental impacts of urban arborization through the report of residents of the municipality of Ibateguara-AL. Thus, a semi-structured questionnaire was applied with fifteen questions about Arborization, Totaling 50 completed questionnaires. Through the results obtained, it was possible to observe that the residents, have empirical knowledge on the subject, where arborization is associated only with trees and shade, yet do not possess adequate knowledge about all the benefits of afforestation For its maintenance. These data reinforce the need for planning the afforestation of the municipality, with the implementation of an environmental education project, seeking to raise awareness of the population of its importance.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude, perception, and preventative practices towards COVID-19 in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249853
Author(s):  
Ugochinyere Ijeoma Nwagbara ◽  
Emmanuella Chinonso Osual ◽  
Rumbidzai Chireshe ◽  
Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa ◽  
Balsam Qubais Saeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
World Health ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Sub Saharan

Background Knowledge, attitudes, perception, and preventative practices regarding coronavirus- 2019 (COVID-19) are crucial in its prevention and control. Several studies have noted that the majority of people in sub-Saharan African are noncompliant with proposed health and safety measures recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and respective country health departments. In most sub-Saharan African countries, noncompliance is attributable to ignorance and misinformation, thereby raising questions about people’s knowledge, attitudes, perception, and practices towards COVID-19 in these settings. This situation is particularly of concern for governments and public health experts. Thus, this scoping review is aimed at mapping evidence on the knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, and preventive practices (KAP) towards COVID-19 in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Methods Systematic searches of relevant articles were performed using databases such as the EBSCOhost, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, the WHO library and grey literature. Arksey and O’Malley’s framework guided the study. The risk of bias for included primary studies was assessed using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (MMAT). NVIVO version 10 was used to analyse the data and a thematic content analysis was used to present the review’s narrative account. Results A total of 3037 eligible studies were identified after the database search. Only 28 studies met the inclusion criteria after full article screening and were included for data extraction. Studies included populations from the following SSA countries: Ethiopia, Nigeria, Cameroon, Uganda, Rwanda, Ghana, Democratic Republic of Congo, Sudan, and Sierra Leone. All the included studies showed evidence of knowledge related to COVID-19. Eleven studies showed that participants had a positive attitude towards COVID-19, and fifteen studies showed that participants had good practices towards COVID-19. Conclusions Most of the participants had adequate knowledge related to COVID-19. Despite adequate knowledge, the attitude was not always positive, thereby necessitating further education to convey the importance of forming a positive attitude and continuous preventive practice towards reducing contraction and transmission of COVID‐19.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitudes about human papillomavirus and vaccination

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Mendonça Carneiro da Silva ◽  
Izabele Maria Barbosa Silva ◽  
Iris Nayara da Conceição Souza Interaminense ◽  
Francisca Márcia Pereira Linhares ◽  
Solange Queiroga Serrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Knowledge And Attitudes ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Public Elementary Schools ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Objective: Uncover knowledge and attitudes of girls, mothers, teachers and health professionals about human papillomavirus and vaccination. Method: A qualitative study carried out by means of focus groups in public elementary schools and health units of Sanitary District IV from Recife-PE, Brazil, between June and July 2015. The sample was six schoolchildren, ten adolescents, nine mothers, ten teachers, thirteen health professionals and seven community health agents. Speeches were analyzed with the technique of Discourse of Collective Subject (DSC), using the Qualiquantisoft, version 1.3c software. Results: Four categories emerged from the DSC: controversial understanding of HPV; transmissibility of HPV virus; adequate knowledge about the vaccine; and education in health. Final considerations: Different levels of knowledge - doubts and misconceptions - about the subject were unveiled. However, attitudes were favorable to adhesion to immunization. Realities that need to be problematized in the educational practice of nurses.

The medical response to burn disasters in Europe: A scoping review

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Miguel Relvas, MMed ◽  
Ana Pinto de Oliveira, PhD Candidate
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Mass Casualty ◽  
Mass Casualties ◽  
Medical Databases ◽  
Medical Response ◽  
Major Burn ◽  
Literature Search Strategy ◽  
Unique Approach ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Year 2000

Introduction: A burn disaster is defined by a mass casualty involving a large number of severely burned victims. Several countries have been confronted with these mass casualties and have developed national burn practice guidelines. This study presents a comprehensive review of the literature related to the benefits and conditions required for the introduction of a burn plan and identify successful strategies in Europe to apply in Portugal.Methods: This study uses a scoping review approach, following the “five stages framework” suggested by Arksey and O’Malley (2005). A literature search strategy was designed to identify the relevant publications from three medical databases (PubMed/ Medline, ScienceDirect, Scopus). Studies meeting our inclusion criteria were analyzed in detail. Data analysis included a descriptive summary and a thematic analysis.Results: The research revealed that since 2000, 67 articles have been published on the subject. Of these 67 articles, only eight refer to burn plans in Europe. The papers which were included and reviewed were descriptive studies (N = 2), research paper (N = 2), reviews (N = 3), and an editorial (N = 1). Countries with published articles were Switzerland, Sweden, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom.Conclusions: The research has shown a gap in the planning for major burn disasters in Europe. Although it is a very specific issue, and many times the approach to major disasters is carried out in a generalist way, the truth is that a burn disaster entails particularities that justify its unique approach. Since year 2000, only eight articles have been published in Europe and there are few publications showing intervention plans already tested and validated on the ground. In Portugal, there were no articles published that approaches this problem, making the rational of this work.

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