scholarly journals Mite-induced Inflammation: More than Allergy

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. ar.2012.3.0025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Sánchez-Borges ◽  
Enrique Fernández-Caldas ◽  
Arnaldo Capriles-Hulett ◽  
Fernan Caballero-Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽  
Atopic Diseases ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Process ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 1 ◽  
Mite Allergy ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

Clinical observations have suggested that there is an association of atopic conditions with hypersensitivity reactions to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). This relationship has been especially present in patients allergic to mites. This study was designed to review clinical and experimental evidence linking atopy, mite allergy, and hypersensitivity to aspirin and NSAIDs and discuss the possible mechanisms explaining this association. A review of the medical literature concerning the association of atopic diseases, mite hypersensitivity, and intolerance to NSAIDs using PubMed and other relevant articles is presented. NSAID-sensitive patients are frequently atopic and allergic to mites, and patients who develop oral mite anaphylaxis (OMA) show an increased prevalence of NSAID hypersensitivity. The study of atopic, mite-sensitive patients, who experience urticaria and angioedema when exposed to NSAIDs and patients with OMA suggests an interesting interaction between atopic allergy and disorders of leukotriene synthesis or metabolism. Various mechanisms that could be involved in this interaction are presented, including genetic factors, inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1, and other effects (not related to IgE sensitization) of mite constituents on the immune system. The association of mite hypersensitivity with aspirin/NSAIDs intolerance has been confirmed and provides additional clues to various nonallergic pathways that may contribute to the acute and chronic inflammatory process observed in atopic, mite-allergic, individuals. The clinical relevance of these observations is presently under investigation.

scholarly journals Гематологічний профіль у щурів при експериментальному диклофенак-індукованому гепатиті

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 78-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.А. Gryshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Toxic Hepatitis ◽  
Diclofenac Sodium ◽  
Blood Rheology ◽  
Red Bone Marrow ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Process ◽  
Experimental Reproduction ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Experimental Toxic Hepatitis

<p>Sodium diclophenac belongs to a group of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which is indicated for inflammatory, degenerative and traumatic lesions system of the skeleton, muscles and connectives tissues. The features of changes in hematological (above all, morphological) indices in Wistar line rats for experimental reproduction of toxic hepatitis at oral introduction of diclofenac sodium in a dose of 12.5 mg / kg of body weight (once a day, within 14 days) were investigated. This rats demonstrated the development of chronic inflammatory process in liver that was characterized by reactive leukocytosis (an increase in the number of leukocytes by a factor of 3), neutrophil right shift, monocytopenia (a decrease in the number of monocytes by a factor of 2.6) together with compensatory lymphocytosis, high values of ESR (by a factor of 5.5), and thymol test (by a factor of 2.9). However, erythrocytopenia<em> </em>(a decrease in the number of erythrocytes by 44 %) – which is a sign of anemia development – was revealed in animals under the experimental toxic hepatitis. Besides it, the hemoglobin content was in the range of normal values that was an evidence of a compensatory role of red bone marrow in the maintaining homeostasis of the respiratory function of blood. There were no changes in blood rheology that was indicated by definite stability of the hematocrit value in sick animals. We registered the development of chronic inflammatory process and anemia in rats caused by experimental reproduction of toxic liver damage by oral introduction of sodium diclofenac. </p>

scholarly journals Impact of genetic and non-genetic factors on hepatic CYP2C9 expression and activity in Hungarian subjects

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferenc Fekete ◽  
Katalin Mangó ◽  
Máté Déri ◽  
Evelyn Incze ◽  
Annamária Minus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Enzymes ◽  
Acid Therapy ◽  
Cyp2c9 Genotype ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cyp2c9 Activity

AbstractCYP2C9, one of the most abundant hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes, is involved in metabolism of 15–20% of clinically important drugs (warfarin, sulfonylureas, phenytoin, non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs). To avoid adverse events and/or impaired drug-response, CYP2C9 pharmacogenetic testing is recommended. The impact of CYP2C9 polymorphic alleles (CYP2C9*2, CYP2C9*3) and phenoconverting non-genetic factors on CYP2C9 function and expression was investigated in liver tissues from Caucasian subjects (N = 164). The presence of CYP2C9*3 allele was associated with CYP2C9 functional impairment, and CYP2C9*2 influenced tolbutamide 4′-hydroxylase activity only in subjects with two polymorphic alleles, whereas the contribution of CYP2C8*3 was not confirmed. In addition to CYP2C9 genetic polymorphisms, non-genetic factors (co-medication with CYP2C9-specific inhibitors/inducers and non-specific factors including amoxicillin + clavulanic acid therapy or chronic alcohol consumption) contributed to the prediction of hepatic CYP2C9 activity; however, a CYP2C9 genotype–phenotype mismatch still existed in 32.6% of the subjects. Substantial variability in CYP2C9 mRNA levels, irrespective of CYP2C9 genotype, was demonstrated; however, CYP2C9 induction and non-specific non-genetic factors potentially resulting in liver injury appeared to modify CYP2C9 expression. In conclusion, complex implementation of CYP2C9 genotype and non-genetic factors for the most accurate estimation of hepatic CYP2C9 activity may improve efficiency and safety of medication with CYP2C9 substrate drugs in clinical practice.

The role of celecoxib as a potential inhibitor in the treatment of inflammatory diseases - a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiane Viana Cruz ◽  
Joaquín María Campos Rosa ◽  
Njogu Mark Kimani ◽  
Silvana Giuliatti ◽  
Cleydson Breno Rodrigues dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Potential Inhibitor ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 1 ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Cox 2 Inhibitors

: This article presents a simplified view of celecoxib as a potential inhibitor in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. The enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) has, predominantly, two isoforms called cyclooxygenase 1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). The former plays a constitutive role that is related to homeostatic effects in renal and platelets, while the latter is mainly responsible for induction of inflammatory effects. Since COX-2 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, it has been signaled as a target for the planning of anti-inflammatory intermediates. Many inhibitors developed and planned for COX-2 inhibition have presented side effects to humans, mainly in the gastrointestinal and/or cardiovascular tract. Therefore, it is necessary to design new potential COX-2 inhibitors, which are relatively safe and without side effects. To this end, of the generation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from “coxibs”, celecoxib is the only potent selective COX-2 inhibitor that is still commercially available. Thus, the compound celecoxib became a commercial prototype inhibitor for the development of anti-inflammatory agents for COX-2 enzyme. In this review, we provide highlights where such inhibition should provide a structural basis for the design of promising new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) which act as COX-2 inhibitors with lesser side effects on the human body.

FIRST TIME EXPERIENCE OF COLD ATMOSPHERIC PLASMA USE IN MICROBIAL ECZEMA TREATMENT IN A 3-YEAR-OLD CHILD

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-295
Author(s):  
V.N. Korotkiy ◽  
◽  
M.I. Shemshuk ◽  
A.G. Rumyantsev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Cold Atmospheric Plasma ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Process ◽  
Time Experience ◽  
First Time

Microbial eczema (ME) is a chronic inflammatory process prone to recurrence, the treatment of which is associated with a number of difficulties due to the ever increasing antibiotic resistance of the microorganisms that cause it. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), like ultraviolet irradiation, has a pronounced bactericidal effect, but unlike the latter, it does not have undesirable effects on healthy cells. The article presents a clinical observation of the successful use of CAP in the treatment of severe ME in a 3-year-old child.

scholarly journals A case report of anaphylaxis to chlorhexidine during urinary catheterisation

2012 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. e159-e160 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Noel ◽  
A Temple ◽  
GJA Laycock
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgery ◽  
Medical Literature ◽  
Chlorhexidine Gluconate ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reactions ◽  
Cell Surfaces ◽  
Urethral Catheterisation ◽  
Bacteriostatic Agent ◽  
Hand Antisepsis ◽  
Urinary Catheterisation

Chlorhexidine gluconate is a chemical antiseptic that is effective against Gram positive and negative bacteria and on certain viruses and fungi. A bacteriocidal and bacteriostatic agent, this cationic drug is absorbed on to negatively charged cell surfaces of organisms, disrupting the cell membrane, which results in increased permeability. Its use is mainly topical as a surgical hand antisepsis, site preparation/cleansing and for pre-genitourinary procedures such as urethral catheterisation. Like any drug, caution should be employed with its use as hypersensitivity reactions are being documented increasingly in the medical literature. In the following case, we present a patient who was catheterised with the chlorhexidine containing Instillagel® (CliniMed, High Wycombe, UK), prior to undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery.

scholarly journals Neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease and therapeutic evidence of anti-inflammatory drugs

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 616-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taysa Bervian Bassani ◽  
Maria A.B.F. Vital ◽  
Laryssa K. Rauh
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Progressive Degeneration ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease affecting approximately 1.6% of the population over 60 years old. The cardinal motor symptoms are the result of progressive degeneration of substantia nigra pars compacta dopaminergic neurons which are involved in the fine motor control. Currently, there is no cure for this pathology and the cause of the neurodegeneration remains unknown. Several studies suggest the involvement of neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of PD as well as a protective effect of anti-inflammatory drugs both in animal models and epidemiological studies, although there are controversial reports. In this review, we address evidences of involvement of inflammatory process and possible therapeutic usefulness of anti-inflammatory drugs in PD.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF MICROBIOCENOSIS OF NOSE MUCOUS MEMBRANE DURING ATOPIC AND POLYPOUS RHINOSINUSITIS

2017 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
O. A. Kolenchukova ◽  
S. V. Smirnova ◽  
A. M. Lazareva
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Atopic Diseases ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Persistence Properties ◽  
Opportunistic Bacteria ◽  
Clinical Methods ◽  
Extended Range

Aim. Study of microbiocenosis of nose mucous membrane during allergic rhinosinusitis. Materials and methods. Patients with polypous (PRS) and atopic (ARS) rhinosinusitis were examined, as well as a control group. Standard general clinical methods taking differential diagnostics of atopic diseases and rhinitis into consideration were used for the PRS and ARS diagnosis. Results. Microbial content during different forms of rhinosinusitis has varying directionality that is determined by different pathogenetic mechanisms. ARS microflora has a significantly extended range and was characterized by an increase of concentration of opportunistic microorganisms not characteristic for normoflora. Microbial composition for PRS was significantly depleted by a lack of certain permanent members of microflora, whereas the quantity of opportunistic bacteria was significantly above normal. Conclusion. Disturbance of microbiocenosis in patients with allergic rhinosinusitis was detected, more pronounced in the PRS group. Staphylococcus strains isolated from patients with ARS and PRS possess pathogenic properties in equal ratios, wherein the percentage of strains in ARS group that have persistence properties is higher than in other studied groups. This could give evidence regarding their role in development of inflammatory process on the nose mucous membrane.

scholarly journals Experimental research on the origin of adhesions in the abdominal cavity after operations

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 504-507
Author(s):  
N. Aleksenko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Abdominal Wound ◽  
Middle Line ◽  
Clinical Observations

Fusion of intestines and omentum after surgery, mainly with an abdominal wound, is a frequent phenomenon, proven by a number of clinical observations during repeated operations in the same subjects. Meanwhile, the question of the reasons for such a phenomenon, despite attempts to experimentally resolve it (Snger, Dembowski, Kelterborn), remains open to this day. According to the opinion of the last mentioned authors, the main cause of adhesions in the abdominal cavity after operations is infection, the accretion of the omentum to the middle line is caused by the release of air and the local inflammatory process; further - sloughing of the epithelium and scars of the peritoneum in uncomplicated cases do not give adhesions, ligatures in the abdominal cavity for the most part also do not cause adhesions, but show a tendency to encapsulate.

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