Factors Affecting the Relationship between the Soil Exchangeable K and the Growth Responses of Radish Seedlings to K Fertilizer

Subject. The working time of workers at any stage of economic development is a value reflecting the level of labor productivity. Any progress in productivity contributes to changes in the volume of labor costs and the number of employed. Depending on the relationship between the total volume of labor costs and the number of employed, the duration of working time per one worker may change (it may increase, decrease, or remain unchanged). Objectives. The study aims to confirm the importance of such a macroeconomic indicator as the number of employed in varying working hours. Methods. The study rests on the comparative analysis of countries with developed economies based on some indicators like dynamics of the working time fund, dynamics of the number of employed, average number of hours worked during the year per employee, etc. The analyzed timespan is 25 years (from 1991 to 2016). Results. The comparative analysis revealed that in the non-production sphere and the economy as a whole the macroeconomic determinants correlate so that the length of working time per worker reduces. When considering the analysis results for the manufacturing sector, no single trend was identified. Conclusions. One of the key factors affecting the change in working hours is the number of employed. The relationship between the working time fund and the number of employed directly determines the dynamics of working time per worker.

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The Mediating Effect of Marital Intimacy on the Relationship between Spouse-Related Stress and Prenatal Depression in Pregnant Couples: An Actor–Partner Interdependent Model Test

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18020487 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 487

Author(s):

Miyoung Lee ◽

Yeon-Suk Kim ◽

Mi-Kyoung Lee

Keyword(s):

Mediating Effect ◽

Prenatal Depression ◽

Mediating Effects ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Marital Intimacy ◽

Paternal Factors ◽

Two Cities ◽

Related Stress ◽

The Relationship ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Prenatal depression is an important factor in predicting postpartum depression. Most studies have assessed factors affecting prenatal depression by focusing on pregnant wives. However, the emotional and psychological aspects of both expectant parents need to be considered. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of spouse-related stress in expectant couples on prenatal depression and investigate the mediating effects of marital intimacy on this relationship. A total of 120 expectant couples from two cities in Korea at more than 15 weeks of completed pregnancy participated in the study. Using a structured questionnaire, we assessed the general characteristics of the participants, spouse-related stress, prenatal depression, and marital intimacy. The results revealed that four actor effects and one partner effect were significant. Marital intimacy and prenatal depression among expectant parents were affected by spouse-related stress. Moreover, spouse-related stress in the husbands completely mediated marital intimacy in pregnant wives, demonstrating partner effects on prenatal depression in pregnant wives. Therefore, it was observed that paternal factors affect prenatal depression in pregnant wives. This warrants the inclusion of husbands in marital interventions and strategies to improve marital intimacy in pregnant wives.

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Comparison of the sensitivity of Western blotting between PVDF and NC membranes

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-91521-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yufang Xiang ◽

Yuanyuan Zheng ◽

Shaobo Liu ◽

Gang Liu ◽

Zhi Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Western Blotting ◽

Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽

Staining Intensity ◽

Detection Sensitivity ◽

Key Factors ◽

Post Translational Modifications ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Molecular Weights ◽

Direct Blue ◽

The Relationship

AbstractWestern blotting (WB) is one of the most widely used techniques to identify proteins as well as post translational modifications of proteins. The selection of electroblotted membrane is one of the key factors affecting the detection sensitivity of the protein which is transferred from gel to membrane in WB. The most common used membranes are polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and nitrocellulose (NC) membranes. Which membrane of these two is more suitable for WB has not been reported so far. Here, by incubating proteins which were transferred to PVDF or NC membranes with a series of antibodies and different types of lectins, we investigated the relationship between the binding ability of these two membranes to proteins or glycoproteins and the molecular weight of the target protein. The antibody re-probed ability of the two membranes was also explored. Moreover, we verified the above results by directly incubating proteins having different molecular weights onto PVDF or NC membranes. Bound proteins were stained with direct blue-71, and the staining intensity was quantitated by scanning and densitometry.

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The Influence of Pre-Procedural Imaging and Cystic Duct Cholangiography on Endoscopic Transpapillary Gallbladder Drainage in Acute Cholecystitis

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11071286 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1286

Author(s):

Junya Sato ◽

Kazunari Nakahara ◽

Yosuke Michikawa ◽

Ryo Morita ◽

Keigo Suetani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Acute Cholecystitis ◽

Cystic Duct ◽

Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography ◽

Procedure Time ◽

Technical Success ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Gallbladder Drainage ◽

Procedural Evaluation ◽

The Relationship

Endoscopic transpapillary gallbladder drainage (ETGBD) for acute cholecystitis is challenging. We evaluated the influence of pre-procedural imaging and cystic duct cholangiography on ETGBD. Patients who underwent ETGBD for acute cholecystitis were retrospectively examined. The rate of gallbladder contrast on cholangiography, the accuracy of cystic duct direction and location by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), and the relationship between pre-procedural imaging and the technical success of ETGBD were investigated. A total of 145 patients were enrolled in this study. Gallbladder contrast on cholangiography was observed in 29 patients. The accuracy of cystic duct direction and location (proximal or distal, right or left, and cranial or caudal) by CT were, respectively, 79%, 60%, and 58% by CT and 68%, 55%, and 58% by MRCP. Patients showing gallbladder contrast on cholangiography underwent ETGBD with a significantly shorter procedure time and a lower rate of cystic duct injury. No other factors affecting procedure time, technical success, and cystic duct injury were identified. Pre-procedural evaluation of cystic duct direction and location by CT or MRCP was difficult in patients with acute cholecystitis. Patients who showed gallbladder contrast on cholangiography showed a shorter procedure time and a lower rate of cystic duct injury.

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Stimulation of mitochondrial calcium ion efflux by thiol-specific reagents and by thyroxine. The relationship to adenosine diphosphate retention and to mitochondrial permeability

Biochemical Journal ◽

10.1042/bj1820455 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 182 (2) ◽

pp. 455-464 ◽

Cited By ~ 75

Author(s):

E J Harris ◽

M Al-Shaikhaly ◽

H Baum

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Calcium Ion ◽

Adenine Nucleotides ◽

Adenosine Diphosphate ◽

Ruthenium Red ◽

Reduced Form ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Ph Values ◽

Rat Heart Mitochondria ◽

The Relationship

Respiring rat heart mitochondria were loaded with Ca2+ and then treated with Ruthenium Red. The factors affecting the subsequent Ca2+-efflux were studied. Addition of rotenone or antimycin led to a decline of efflux except at pH values above 7.2, provided the load was less than about 80 nmol per mg of protein. Oligomycin reversed the effect of the respiratory inhibitors. Independently of respiration, efflux was stimulated by the uncoupler trifluoromethyltetrachlorbenzimadazole, by mersalyl and by thyroid hormones. The stimulated efflux could be diminished by ADP, with Mg2+ as cofactor if efflux was rapid. With respiration in progress, efflux could be stimulated by N-ethylmaleimide and 5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoate). The effects of mersalyl and of thyroid hormones could be diminished with dithiothreitol. In the absence of stimulating agents, the Ca2+ efflux was proportional to the load up to some critical amount, this critical amount was decreased by the agents. Thyroxine and mersalyl caused not only loss of Ca2+, but also simultaneous, but not necessarily proportional, loss of internal adenine nucleotides. Both efflux rates were kept at a low value by bongkrekic acid added before the stimulating agent. It is concluded that Ca2+ efflux is a measure of a permeability controlled by the binding of ADP (an Mg2+) to the inner membrane, and that this in turn depends on the maintenance of certain thiol gropus in a reduced form by a reaction that uses NADH and ATP and the energy-linked transhydrogenase.

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Entrenchment in status positions and the adoption of new norm-deviant organizational practices: Evidence from the Japanese banking industry, 1983–2005

Organization Studies ◽

10.1177/0170840620910952 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 017084062091095

Author(s):

Jesper Edman ◽

Alex Makarevich

Keyword(s):

Banking Industry ◽

Original Data ◽

Organizational Practices ◽

Organizational Status ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Practice Adoption ◽

Status Mobility ◽

The Relationship ◽

Organizational Age ◽

Middle Status

We examine the effect of status entrenchment on the adoption of new norm-deviant organizational practices. Identifying organizational age and status mobility as factors affecting entrenchment, we extend the middle-status conformity theory by explicating how entrenchment moderates the relationship between status and adoption. Using original data from the Japanese loan syndication market, we show that young and new-in-status banks have a lower propensity to follow status-based adoption behavior than actors entrenched in the same status positions. We discuss implication of these results for the understanding of new practice adoption and organizational status effects.

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Factors affecting the organizational performance of manufacturing firms

International Journal of Engineering Business Management ◽

10.1177/1847979017712628 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 184797901771262 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ahmad Adnan Al-Tit

Keyword(s):

Organizational Performance ◽

Measurement Instrument ◽

Manufacturing Firms ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Values And Beliefs ◽

The Individual ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Numerous studies have been conducted to explore the individual effects of organizational culture (OC) and supply chain management (SCM) practices on organizational performance (OP) in different settings. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of OC and SCM on OP. The sample of the study consisted of 93 manufacturing firms in Jordan. Data were collected from employees and managers from different divisions using a reliable and valid measurement instrument. The findings confirm that both OC and SCM practices significantly predict OP. The current study is significant in reliably testing the relationship between SCM practices and OP; however, it is necessary to consider cultural assumptions, values and beliefs as the impact of OC on OP is greater than the impact of SCM practices. Based on the results, future studies should consider the moderating and mediating role of OC on the relationship between SCM practices and OP.

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