scholarly journals Bill C-31: Limited Access to Refugee Determination and Protection

Refuge ◽  
2001 ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Michael Bossin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
Refugee Protection ◽  
Refugee Claimants ◽  
Determination System ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
New System

This article deals with the effect of the proposed Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (Bill C-31) on access to Canada’s refugee determination system and its pre-removal risk-assessment procedures. The author examines public statements about government plans for increased overseas interdiction of refugee claimants, provisions that expand the definition of persons ineligible to have their claims heard by the Immigration and Refugee Board (particularly those concerning “serious criminality”), and the proposed new system for pre-removal risk assessment. His conclusion is that, should these proposals come into effect, fewer people will have access to refugee and other protection in Canada.

scholarly journals Interpreting the other other : assessing refugee claims based on sexual orientation in an anti-refugee climate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn J Dicks
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Personal Narratives ◽  
Multiple Identities ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Refugee Claimants ◽  
Determination System ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Fair Assessment

This paper investigates some of the challenges in the Canadian refugee determination system facing the fair assessment of refugee claims based on sexual orientation. Relying on the United Nation's Convention definition of refugee, Canada interprets the section "membership of a particular social group," to apply to individuals fearing persecution due to their sexual orientation. This paper reveals the complex nature of refugee determination in cases based on sexual orientation and how decision-makers' Eurocentric conceptions of sexuality, race, gender and nationality, as well as a general anti-refugee climate impede the neutrality of assessment. Relying on personal narratives of those involved with the refugee assessment process, such as past refugee claimants and refugee lawyers, this study reveals the complexity of problems that are inherent in the IRB. Incorporating a critical race perspective allows us to see the damaging effects of Eurocentrism when evaluating multiple identities, such as racialized sexual minorities.

scholarly journals Interpreting the other other : assessing refugee claims based on sexual orientation in an anti-refugee climate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawn J Dicks
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Personal Narratives ◽  
Multiple Identities ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Refugee Claimants ◽  
Determination System ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Fair Assessment

This paper investigates some of the challenges in the Canadian refugee determination system facing the fair assessment of refugee claims based on sexual orientation. Relying on the United Nation's Convention definition of refugee, Canada interprets the section "membership of a particular social group," to apply to individuals fearing persecution due to their sexual orientation. This paper reveals the complex nature of refugee determination in cases based on sexual orientation and how decision-makers' Eurocentric conceptions of sexuality, race, gender and nationality, as well as a general anti-refugee climate impede the neutrality of assessment. Relying on personal narratives of those involved with the refugee assessment process, such as past refugee claimants and refugee lawyers, this study reveals the complexity of problems that are inherent in the IRB. Incorporating a critical race perspective allows us to see the damaging effects of Eurocentrism when evaluating multiple identities, such as racialized sexual minorities.

Letter to the Editor: Craniopharyngiomas in the elderly: the crucial influence of tumor topography on surgical risk assessment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Pascual ◽  
Ruth Prieto
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Surgical Risk ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Weighted Sequences ◽  
Tumor Topography

Classifying CPs within the overly vague, uninformative category “suprasellar” prevents gaining any true insight regarding the risks associated with the surgical procedure employed. Routine MRI obtained with conventional T1- and T2-weighted sequences along the midsagittal and coronal trans-infundibular planes allow an accurate and reliable preoperative definition of CP topography. CPs developing primarily within the infundibulum and/or tuberal region of the hypothalamus, as well as those wholly located within the 3V, should be distinguished preoperatively from those lesions originally expanding beneath the 3V floor (3VF), the true suprasellar tumors. Among adult patients, about 40% of CPs correspond to infundibulo-tuberal tumors expanding primarily within the 3VF, above an intact pituitary gland and stalk. This subgroup of CPs shows strong adherences to the surrounding hypothalamus, as they are embedded within a wide band of reactive gliotic tissue, usually infiltrated by microscopic finger-like solid cords of tumor tissue. In elderly patients, a significant proportion of CPs correspond to papillary tumors developing above an intact 3VF, usually showing small pedicle-like or sessile-like attachments to the infundibulum. With the current diagnostic MRI workup routinely employed for CPs, it is possible, for the majority of lesions, to preoperatively differentiate these topographical variants and predict the type of CP-hypothalamus relationship that will be found during surgery.

scholarly journals Definitions and Concepts for Quantitative Rockfall Hazard and Risk Analysis

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Didier Hantz ◽  
Jordi Corominas ◽  
Giovanni B. Crosta ◽  
Michel Jaboyedoff
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Failure Probability ◽  
Rockfall Hazard ◽  
Process Failure ◽  
Failure Propagation ◽  
Element At Risk ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
Hazard And Risk Assessment ◽  
Definition Of

There is an increasing need for quantitative rockfall hazard and risk assessment that requires a precise definition of the terms and concepts used for this particular type of landslide. This paper suggests using terms that appear to be the most logic and explicit as possible and describes methods to derive some of the main hazards and risk descriptors. The terms and concepts presented concern the rockfall process (failure, propagation, fragmentation, modelling) and the hazard and risk descriptors, distinguishing the cases of localized and diffuse hazards. For a localized hazard, the failure probability of the considered rock compartment in a given period of time has to be assessed, and the probability for a given element at risk to be impacted with a given energy must be derived combining the failure probability, the reach probability, and the exposure of the element. For a diffuse hazard that is characterized by a failure frequency, the number of rockfalls reaching the element at risk per unit of time and with a given energy (passage frequency) can be derived. This frequency is relevant for risk assessment when the element at risk can be damaged several times. If it is not replaced, the probability that it is impacted by at least one rockfall is more relevant.

Parent fiduciary breach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Flannigan
Keyword(s):  
Family Relations ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
Parent Status ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Social Definition

Abstract Parents who serve as trustees, and solicitors who draft trusts that involve family relations, may need to address whether parents are free to entertain conflicts and benefits that may be attributable to parent status. I discuss in broad terms the kinds of conflicts and benefits that normally should not be objectionable. The definitive consideration is the social definition of when parent access is a limited access.

scholarly journals An Approach to Sustainability Risk Assessment in Industrial Assets

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 6538
Author(s):  
Fco. Javier García-Gómez ◽  
Víctor Fco. Rosales-Prieto ◽  
Alberto Sánchez-Lite ◽  
José Luis Fuentes-Bargues ◽  
Cristina González-Gaya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
The People ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
Identification Analysis ◽  
A Company ◽  
Industrial Company

Asset management, as a global process through which value is added to a company, is a managerial model that involves major changes in strategies, technologies, and resources; risk management; and a change in the attitude of the people involved. The growing commitment of companies to sustainability results in them applying this approach to all their activities. For this reason, it is relevant to develop sustainability risk assessment procedures in industrial assets. This paper presents a methodological framework for the inclusion of sustainability aspects in the risk management of industrial assets. This approach presents a procedure to provide general criteria, methodology, and essential mandatory requirements to be adopted for the identification, analysis, and evaluation of sustainability aspects, impacts, and risks related to assets owned and managed by an industrial company. The proposed procedure is based on ISO 55,000 and ISO 31,000 standards and was developed following three steps: a preliminary study, identification of sustainability aspects and sustainability risks/opportunities, and impact assessment and residual risks management. Our results could serve as a model that facilitates the improvement of sustainability analysis risks in industrial assets and could be used as a basis for future developments in the application of the standards to optimize management of these assets.

International Telecommunication Union

1957 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 538-538
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Consultative Committee ◽  
Sufficient Time ◽  
International Telecommunication Union ◽  
International Telecommunication ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
New System

The eighth plenary assembly of the International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR) was held in Warsaw from August 9 to September 13, 1956, under the chairmanship of Professor Pawel Szulkin (Poland). The assembly elected with an absolute majority Dr. E. Metzler (Switzerland) as Director. The assembly considered a report which dealt with the activities of the fourteen established study groups as well as proposals to reorganize the study groups. The Warsaw decisions modifying procedures experimentally for the future were the outcome of proposals by the Organization and Finance Committees, the CCIR Secretariat and of discussions of the problem in the plenary assembly. The study groups were to remain the same in number and the allocation of work was in general the same, though it was felt desirable to give a more precise definition of their terms of reference. Among the resolutions adopted by the assembly, a number dealt with the length, content and quantity of documents submitted to the chairmen of the study groups, emphasizing that these should be as short as possible, as few as possible and that they should contain only the minimum indispensable mathematical formulae or numerical and experimental data. The new system was also expected to improve the position of distant countries which had so far experienced great difficulty in receiving preliminary documentation in sufficient time before plenary assemblies. The Technical Assistance Committee recommended the creation of a joint CCIR-International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT) committee to consider the ways and means whereby technical assistance was at present granted and to make suggestions for improvements, as far as telecommunication was concerned, to the ITU Administrative Council.

‘Irishness’, the 1937 Constitution, and Citizenship: A Gender and Ethnicity View

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronit Lentin
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Feminist Studies ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
Limited Access ◽  
Central Factor ◽  
Irish Women ◽  
Narrow Definition ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Definition Of

This paper argues that ‘Irishness’ has not been sufficiently problematised in relation to gender and ethnicity in discussions of Irish national identity, nor has the term ‘Irish women’ been ethnically problematised. Sociological and feminist analyses of the access by women to citizenship of the Republic of Ireland have been similarly unproblematised. This paper interrogates some discourses of Irish national identity, including the 1937 Constitution, in which difference is constructed in religious, not ethnic terms, and in which women are constructed as ‘naturally’ domestic. Ireland's bourgeois nationalism privileged property owning and denigrated nomadism, thus excluding Irish Travellers from definitions of ‘Irishness’. The paper then seeks to problematise T.H. Marshall's definition of citizenship as ‘membership in a community’ from a gender and ethnicity viewpoint and argues that sociological and feminist studies of the gendered nature of citizenship in Ireland do not address access to citizenship by Traveller and other racialized women which this paper examines in brief. It does so in the context of the intersection between racism and nationalism, and argues that the racism implied in the narrow definition of ‘Irishness’ is a central factor in the limited access by minority Irish women to aspects of citizenship. It also argues that racism not only interfaces with other forms of exclusion such as class and gender, but also broadens our understanding of the very nature of Irish national identity.

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