scholarly journals Devenir emprendedora. Anversos y reversos de las experiencias de emprendimiento y trabajo de cuidados en mujeres de Valparaíso.

Author(s):  
Mirla Utreras Tapia

Progresivamente el emprendimiento ha adquirido cada vez mayor relevancia como estrategia para la superación de la pobreza de las mujeres. No obstante, en términos comparativos, las experiencias de emprendimiento de las mujeres se caracterizan por desigualdades de género respecto de las experiencias de emprendimiento de los hombres, las cuales se relacionan con la desigual distribución del trabajo de cuidados entre ellos/as. En virtud de la relevancia que las emprendedoras brindan al trabajo de cuidados, la presente investigación, realizada en el marco del proceso de titulación de un magíster de género (2018-2019), tiene por finalidad indagar en dichas experiencias, y su relación con sus emprendimientos, a través de la perspectiva de la economía feminista. Para ello, se utiliza un enfoque metodológico cualitativo y como técnica de recolección de datos entrevistas semi-estructuradas a emprendedoras participantes de un programa de gobierno, ejecutado por una ONG de la ciudad de Valparaíso (Chile). Entre los principales resultados del estudio cabe destacar el énfasis en la sostenibilidad de vida por parte de las emprendedoras, fisurando con ello el mandato del empresario de sí. -- Entrepreneurship has progressively acquired greater relevance as a strategy for overcoming women's poverty. However, in comparative terms, women's entrepreneurial experiences are characterized by gender inequalities with respect to men's entrepreneurial experiences, which are related to the unequal distribution of care work among them. In view of the relevance that women entrepreneurs give to care work, this research aims to investigate these experiences, in relation to their entrepreneurship, through the perspective of the feminist economy. To this end, a qualitative methodological approach is used, as well as semi-structured interviews with women entrepreneurs participating in a government program, executed by an NGO in the city of Valparaiso (Chile), as a data collection technique. Among the main results of the study is the emphasis on life sustainability by the entrepreneurs, thus cracking the mandate of the entrepreneur himself.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4382
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Salazar ◽  
Paloma González

In the current global scenario, in which mobility has been strongly impacted, it is relevant to highlight certain mobility experiences of Indigenous Latin American peoples, in which new cultural and geographical elements justify revisiting this phenomenon. In this context, the mobility of the Aymara ethnic group offers an opportunity for such a second look. Although the subject has been approached from the perspectives of internal migration processes and physical movement, as in other Latin American cases, studies have omitted some important aspects for its analysis, such as the practices, meanings, and political implications associated with mobility. Based on the new mobility paradigm, this article seeks to strengthen the perspective on mobility by researching rural-urban mobility practices and their meaning regarding the experiences of Aymara people who migrated from the rural municipality of Putre to settle in the city of Arica from the 1950s. At the same time, it is shown that these Aymara mobility practices imply spatiotemporal dynamics that are key for the construction of place, and allow for a widening of base elements that should be considered in the new mobility paradigm. This research is based on five years of ethnography, including mobile accompaniment and semi-structured interviews. This methodological approach has allowed researchers to explore how elements related to physical and symbolic mobility have constantly constructed relational spaces within the Arica and Parinacota region over time. This shows that mobility does not only refer to physical movement, but to politics, emotions, culture, and memory as well. From these results, the article examines and discusses key elements related to physical and symbolic mobility, and their implications in political and intercultural terms.


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 616-624
Author(s):  
Elsa Castrillón-Correa ◽  
Andrew Philominraj ◽  
Ranjeeva Ranjan

Purpose of the study: The objective of the study is to unveil the qualities that community actors in the city of Armenia-Quindío-Colombia have and enhance in the exercise of their community action. Methodology: The methodological approach of this research is qualitative-interpretative and cross-sectional. The investigation was carried out with eight community actors of an urban commune of the city of Armenia- Quindío-Colombia through semi-structured interviews, which focused on the meaning and significance of their community action. The interviews were conducted, and answers of the participants were analysed through a matrix in Excel. Main Findings: The study has identified that human agency is made up of Transparency and commitment, internal qualities in the subjects that allow them to act as community agents, by directing their actions towards a civic exercise and therefore as a contribution to human development. Applications of this study: The results of the study can be useful for the analysis of the performance of social actors in various contexts. The study will also be of help for the policymakers at local and national levels, to develop programs that strengthen the social skills of this group, as well as support in work where one wants to analyse the configuration of human agency. Novelty/Originality of this study: This research has examined the meaning of Community actions from the perspective of human agency. The originality of this research, when compared to the previous works on the same topic, lies in the identification of the qualities that form the agency in a population group, comprising of a widely diverse group of community actors. Besides, it also provides direction for future research in this area.


Author(s):  
Rodolfo Alfonso Torregrosa Jiménez ◽  
Norhys Torregrosa Jiménez

ABSTRACTaccess problems and dysfunctions of the judiciary, in all societies there are communal forms of conflict resolution. Community and institutional mechanisms for conflict resolution can provide the ability to handle conflict from the values, habits and customs of the communities and not from the mere formality of state justice inaccessible to the masses. Thus, the Settlement in Equity is one of the alternatives through which the popular sectors can get for themselves and through community leaders, a righteousness that is in accordance with the needs and responsibilities of the direct stakeholders of the community. Thus, the purpose of the research is to investigate the social representations (RS) of the concepts of fairness, justice and coexistence Community Ratings equity conciliation of a town in the city of Bogotá, Colombia. In addition, as we are interested in identifying the point of view of these users, ie, their opinions, attitudes and information, is that the theoretical and methodological approach used RS. So, be described by methods and with the support of the theoretical framework, the cognitive dimension of the RS user. Such representations are interpreted through formalization that conform segmenting in graphic forms (codes), the corpus of semi-structured interviews applied to users, considered as a continuation of separate occurrences among themselves, delimited by several characters. These occurrences are analyzed, both quantitatively and qualitatively.RESUMENPor problemas de acceso y disfunciones del aparato judicial, en todas las sociedades existen formas comunitarias de resolución de conflictos. Los mecanismos comunitarios e institucionales de solución de conflictos pueden brindar la posibilidad de tramitar los conflictos a partir de los valores, los usos y las costumbres de las comunidades y no desde la mera formalidad de la justicia estatal inaccesible para los sectores populares. Así, la Conciliación en Equidad es una de las alternativas a través de la cual los sectores populares pueden obtener por ellos mismos y a través de líderes comunitarios, una justicia que esté de acuerdo con las necesidades y responsabilidades de los actores directos de la comunidad. De este modo, el propósito de la investigación es indagar sobre las representaciones sociales (RS) de los conceptos de equidad, justicia comunitaria y convivencia de los usuarios de la conciliación en equidad de una Localidad en la ciudad de Bogotá-Colombia. Y como lo que interesa es identificar el punto de vista de estos usuarios, es decir, sus opiniones, actitudes e información, es que se usa el enfoque teórico-metodológico de las RS. Así, se describirá, a través de métodos y con el apoyo de los referentes teóricos, la dimensión cognitiva de las RS de los usuarios. Dichas representaciones son interpretadas a través de formalizaciones que se conforman segmentando en formas gráficas (códigos), el corpus de entrevistas semi-dirigidas aplicadas a los usuarios, considerado como una continuación de ocurrencias separadas, entre sí, mediante varios caracteres delimitados. Estas ocurrencias son analizadas, tanto desde el punto de vista cuantitativo como cualitativo.


2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-179
Author(s):  
Gabriela Bervian ◽  
Marta Cocco Da Costa ◽  
Ethel Bastos Da Silva ◽  
Jaqueline Arboit ◽  
Fernanda Honnef

Introducción: La violencia contra las mujeres tanto en áreas rurales como urbanas requiere para su enfrentamiento la articulación de diferentes sectores, a través de una red de atención.Objetivo: Conocer las concepciones de profesionales de la red de atención acerca de la violencia contra las mujeres rurales.Método: Investigación cualitativa, realizada con 26 profesionales de la red de atención a las mujeres rurales en situación de violencia en cuatro municipios de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. La generación de datos ocurrió a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas, siendo analizadas por el análisis de contenido temático.Resultados: Los profesionales relacionaban la violencia contra las mujeres rurales a aspectos culturales, generacionales y heterogeneidades de género, que naturalizan la violencia. Indicaban los distintos tipos de violencia vivenciados, desde la violencia física, psicológica, moral, sexual, dependencia, privación de libertad hasta las jornadas de trabajo intensas.Conclusiones: Los hallazgos refuerzan las desigualdades de género que perpetúan la subyugación y sumisión de las mujeres rurales. Introduction: Violence against women in both rural and urban areas requires the coordination of different sectors through a network of care. Objective: To know the conceptions of professionals of the care network about violence against rural women. Method: Qualitative research carried out with 26 professionals from the network of care to rural women in situations of violence in four cities of Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Data were generated semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the thematic content analysis. Results: Professionals related violence against rural women to cultural, generational and gender heterogeneities, which makes violence natural. They pointed to the different types of violence experienced, either physical, psychological, moral, and sexual violence, dependence, deprivation of liberty and intense work hours. Conclusions: The findings reinforce the gender inequalities that perpetuate the subjugation and submission of rural women. Introdução: A violência contra mulheres tanto em áreas rurais quanto urbanas requer para seu enfrentamento a articulação de diferentes setores, por meio de uma rede de atendimento. Objetivo: Conhecer as concepções de profissionais da rede de atendimento acerca da violência contra mulheres rurais. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, realizada com 26 profissionais da rede de atendimento às mulheres rurais em situação de violência em quatro municípios do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A geração de dados ocorreu através de entrevistas semiestruturadas, sendo analisadas pela análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: Os profissionais relacionavam a violência contra as mulheres rurais a aspectos culturais, geracionais e heterogeneidades de gênero, que naturalizam a violência. Apontavam os diferentes tipos de violência vivenciados, desde a violência física, psicológica, moral, sexual, dependência, privação de liberdade até as jornadas de trabalho intensas. Conclusões: Os achados reforçam as desigualdades de gênero que perpetuam a subjugação e submissão das mulheres rurais.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (42) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Vissoh Ahotondji Sylvain

Les villes accueillent souvent des évènements qui, de par leur nature et les manifestations qu’ils engendrent, marquent la trame urbaine et contribuent au développement local. Le but de la présente recherche est d’analyser l’inscription territoriale de la « fête du 15 août », le plus important évènement qu’accueille, chaque année, la ville de Savalou. L’approche méthodologique adoptée combine les recherches documentaires notamment sur la thématique ville et évènement, les enquêtes de terrain à travers l’observation participante des manifestations des éditions 2019 et 2021 de la fête du 15 août, les entretiens semi directifs avec les autorités communales et les questionnaires avec les promoteurs de réceptifs hôteliers, de restaurants ainsi que quelques forains et visiteurs urbains. Au total, 173 personnes ont été interrogées dans le cadre de cette recherche. Ces personnes ont été retenues par la méthode de choix raisonné. Les méthodes d’analyse de contenu et de statistiques descriptives ont permis de traiter les données et informations recueillies et le modèle SWOT ou FFOM (Forces, Faiblesses, Opportunités et Menaces) a été utilisé pour analyser les résultats obtenus. Il ressort des analyses que cinq (05) manifestations clés sont organisées dans le cadre de la « fête du 15 août » : il s’agit du rituel d’autorisation de la consommation des nouvelles ignames, la Grande Foire Artisanale de Savalou (GFAS), l’élection de Miss Savalou (la plus belle fille de la Commune de Savalou), la finale de la coupe de football de la commune et les concerts. Au plan spatial, l’évènement se déroule en plusieurs lieux à savoir le palais royal, la paroisse de l’église catholique, la maison des jeunes, le stade omnisport de la ville, la place Soha et le site de la foire. Il n’existe pas une structure officielle qui assure le portage de l’évènement ; chaque manifestation est organisée par un acteur donné sans qu’aucune coordination ne soit mise en place. Par ailleurs, très peu de recettes sont collectées par la mairie à l’occasion de cet évènement. On en déduit que l’évènement profite financièrement plus aux acteurs privés qu’à la municipalité.   Cities often host events which, by their nature and the events they generate, mark the urban fabric and contribute to local development. The aim of this research is to analyze the territorial inscription of the "feast of August 15", the most important event hosted each year by the city of Savalou. The methodological approach adopted combines documentary research, in particular on the city and event theme, field surveys through the participant observation of the events of the 2019 and 2021 editions of the August 15 festival, semi-structured interviews with the municipal authorities and questionnaires with the promoters of hotel receptives, restaurants as well as a few fairgrounds and urban visitors. A total of 173 people were interviewed for this research. These people were selected by the reasoned choice method. The methods of content analysis and descriptive statistics were used to process the data and information collected and the SWOT or SWOT model (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) was used to analyze the results obtained. It emerges from the analyzes that five (05) key events are organized within the framework of the “feast of August 15”: it is about the ritual of authorization of the consumption of new yams, the Great Artisanal Fair of Savalou (GFAS) , the election of Miss Savalou (the most beautiful girl in the Municipality of Savalou), the final of the municipal football cup and the concerts. Spatially, the event takes place in several locations, namely the Royal Palace, the parish of the Catholic Church, the youth center, the city's sports stadium, Soha Square and the site of the fair. There is no official structure that ensures the portering of the event; each event is organized by a given actor without any coordination being put in place. In addition, very little revenue is collected by the town hall during this event. We deduce that the event financially benefits private actors more than the municipality.


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Allen ◽  
Özlem Ögtem-Young

Purpose This study aims to investigate the impact of the Brexit referendum on feelings of belonging and home among secondary migrant Somali families in the city of Birmingham. Here, the Brexit referendum is understood through the analytical framework of the politics of belonging in that it functioned as a political mechanism that demarcated who was able to belong and who was not. Design/methodology/approach This research was qualitatively designed, comprising 25 in-depth, semi-structured interviews that used a whole family methodological approach. In doing so, this paper considers how the referendum challenged notions of citizenship as well as community and individual identities. Findings For the families engaged, they experienced the referendum as a mechanism that immediately conveyed notions of “otherness” and “foreign-ness” onto them, thereby creating anxiety, uncertainty and instability. This paper argues that the emotional components of belonging were also challenged to the extent that feelings of security, safety and “home” became rendered meaningless through the disempowering impact of the referendum via the removal of autonomy and choice in the bonds that exist between people and places. Originality/value This paper generates new knowledge about the impact of the Brexit referendum. As “one-off” event, this research provides new insights into the political, social and cultural impacts of the vote. It considers a minority group that is seen to be hard to reach and thereby under-researched.


Author(s):  
Fabiola Benitez Quintero

<p><strong>Resumen</strong></p><p>La educación universitaria, el acceso al campo laboral y la formación en feminismo y género se han considerado como condiciones fundamentales que han dado lugar a la emancipación femenina. Por ello, la presente investigación tuvo como objeto analizar la experiencia de las mujeres académicas- feministas de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid por medio de cinco entrevistas con docentes investigadoras que laboran en dicha institución. Se encontró que aún persisten las problemáticas de las desigualdades de género; y aunque actualmente han encontrado mecanismos para invisibilizarse; las principales complicaciones continúan recayendo en la falta de apoyo institucional para sobrellevar la doble jornada de trabajo, la inequitativa repartición de los puestos directivos y el acoso laboral con base en la condición de género.</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>University education, access to the labor field and training in feminism and gender have been considered as fundamental conditions that have led to female emancipation. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to analyze the experience of academic-feminists women of the Complutense University of Madrid throughout five interviews with professors-researchers who work in this institution. We have found that problems of gender inequalities persist; and although currently they have found mechanisms to make themselves invisible; the main complications still fall in the lack of institutional support to cope with the double shift, the unequal distribution of managerial positions and harassment based on gender.</p>


Author(s):  
María del Rosario Fátima Robles ◽  
María Guadalupe Durazo Bringas ◽  
Natalia Guadalupe Romero Vivar

Se examina la actividad económica de las mujeres empresarias en la ciudad de Hermosillo, Sonora para identificar las necesidades y habilidades en que las mujeres empresarias se apoyan para tener éxito en esta actividad. Para el logro de los objetivos se realizó una encuesta que se aplicó a mujeres empresarias del sector formal en Hermosillo, Sonora. Se concluye que el estudio de las empresarias hasta la fecha, ha sido guiado por las teorías androcéntricas y han sido poco valoradas características personales que las mujeres poseen, las cuales es necesario integrar con el fin de construir una figura del actor empresario-empresaria, más completa. AbstractIt examines the economic activity of women entrepreneurs in the city of Hermosillo, Sonora to identify the needs and skills on which women entrepreneurs rely to succeed in this activity. For the achievement of the objectives, a survey was carried out that was applied to women entrepreneurs of the formal sector in Hermosillo, Sonora. It is concluded that the study of entrepreneurs to date, has been guided by androcentric theories and have been little valued personal characteristics that women possess, which it is necessary to integrate in order to build a figure of the actor entrepreneur-entrepreneur, more complete.


Author(s):  
Gisela M. Bianchi Pernasilici ◽  
Yolanda González-Rábago ◽  
Gioia Piras

Introducción: En la actualidad la realización de las tareas de cuidado desempeña un papel significativo en el desarrollo de los proyectos migratorios. Así, el objetivo de este artículo es analizar el rol de las abuelas cuidadoras en los países de origen de la migración, que se quedan a cargo de sus nietos y nietas tras la emigración de los progenitores a España, haciendo hincapié en las estrategias de afrontamiento emocional y operativo de la transnacionalización del cuidado.Método: A través de entrevistas semi-estructuradas se analizan las percepciones que las abuelas tienen sobre su situación actual para detectar cuáles son las posibles consecuencias de la transnacionalización de los cuidados en los países de origen de la migración.Resultados: Por una parte se evidencia el papel significativo que juegan las abuelas en la reorganización del cuidado a causa de la emigración y, por otra, se ponen de manifiesto los aspectos subjetivos, experimentados por las entrevistadas, relativos a las transformaciones de las tareas y responsabilidades del cuidado en el seno de sus hogares tras la emigración de uno de sus miembros a España.Discusión o Conclusión: Se destaca, por una parte, el protagonismo de las mujeres en general, y en este caso de las abuelas, en la responsabilidad del cuidado de las personas dependientes y, por otra, la aparición de sentimientos y valoraciones ambivalentes sobre sus propias situaciones. Introduction: In nowadays global context, the care work plays an important role to understand migrations flows. The aim of this article is to analyse the role of grandmothers in a high mobility context, who are taking care for their grandchildren, after their parents´ emigration to Spain. Our focus will be on the strategies developed by them in order to face emotionally and functionally to the transnationalization of caring.Method: We analyzed the grandmothers´ perception of their own situation through semi-structured interviews, and we detected some consequences of the transnationalization of care in the migration’s origin countries.Results: The empirical material shows, on the one hand, the important role of grandmothers within the reorganization of care after the emigration and, on the other hand, the subjective aspects, experienced by interviewees, concerning the transformations of tasks and responsibilities of care in their homes because of the emigration of one of its members to Spain.Discussion or Conclusion: In this article we highlight, first, the role of women in general, and in this case of grandmothers, regarding care responsibilities and, second, the appearance of ambivalent feelings about their own situations.


2021 ◽  
pp. 251484862110494
Author(s):  
Lauren E Van Patter

Recent efforts within geography to deconstruct anthropocentric readings of the urban and explore the city as ‘multispecies’ or ‘more-than-human’ face substantial methodological challenges. This paper contributes an empirical case study of human-coyote urban cohabitations in the Greater Toronto Area, Canada, using a ‘hybrid’ methodological approach to individual animal geographies. It builds on dialogues surrounding animals’ geographies that centre individual animal lifeworlds and experiences, exploring coyotes as subjects and actors who participate in the co-creation of shared urban worlds. A methodological approach based on collaboration and storying recounts the tales of two coyotes – Urban10 and Blondie – and their kin whose stories are gleaned by weaving together diverse social and ecological research tools, including: participant observation with Coyote Watch Canada, document review, semi-structured interviews, GPS collar data, field investigations, ethological observations, and trail cameras. The discussion details implications in terms of cynanthropy – ‘becoming-canid’ as methodology, delving into coyote lifeworlds using hybrid tools – as well as synanthropy – coyote synurbization and more-than-human urban belongings. Dwelling with Urban10 and Blondie in cynanthropic exploration makes visible opportunities for multispecies researchers to generate knowledge collaboratively with other-than-humans. Findings surrounding synanthropy highlight the practices involved in adapting to and participating, ecologically and socially, in life in the multispecies city. Overall, this paper advances efforts aimed at developing innovative and experimental hybrid methodologies for animal geographies, and theoretical discussions around re-storying the more-than-human city towards livable multispecies futures.


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