scholarly journals GENE ACTION AND SOME GENETIC PARAMETERS FOR GRAIN YIELD, ITS COMPONENTS AND GROWTH TRAITS OF CORN IN FULL DIALLEL CROSS

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Salih Hadi Farhood AL- Salim ◽  
Dheya P. Yousif ◽  
Mahdi S. M. Alzrgani ◽  
Abbas Lateef Abdulrahman
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Fixed Model ◽  
Female Flowering

The objective of this study was to quantify gene action and some genetic parameters for grain yield, its components and other traits of six varietal hybrids and its parents (AM-145 (A), AM-153 (B) and AM-200 (C) obtained from Ministry of Agriculture, Iraq). All hybrids and their parental entries in full diallel cross were tested at Al-Gharraf suburb, 25 Km north of Al-Nasyria City, Iraq during fall 2013 in RCBD with three replications according to Griffing's fixed model, method for grain yield, its components and other agronomic traits. Gene action, general and specific combining abilities and broad and narrow sense heritability were estimated. Results showed significant differences among entries for almost all traits except ears/plant, and kernels weight. In addition to GCA and SCA significant variances, GCA variances were more important than SCA variances for all traits except ears/plant, which resulting the more importance of the additive genetic effects. SCA variances suggesting the importance the effects of non-additive effects for ears/plant which demonstrating entries could produce prolificacy plants. Additive genetic variances reflect its importance for all traits except female flowering and grain yield/plant. In general, the dominance degree average for all traits except grain yield/plant showed the over dominant effect and the narrow sense heritability ranged between 0.44-0.64 for female flowering and grain yield, respectively. Grain yield/plant ranged between 97.54- 68.44 g for B x A and C x B, respectively. Cytoplasmic heredity revealed its importance studying for all traits and 2GCA/SCA estimates ranged between 1.86 and 35.9 for ears/plant and female flowering, respectively. 

scholarly journals Genetic characterization of the 28 maize landraces in Paraná State

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Regina Silvestrin Rovaris ◽  
Pedro Mário de Araújo ◽  
Deoclécio Domingos Garbuglio ◽  
Cleber Vinicius Guiaretta de Azevedo ◽  
Cássio Egídio Cavenaghi Prete
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Fixed Model ◽  
Maize Landraces ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Female Flowering

The characterization of maize landraces is extremely important in breeding programs for use of these genotypes as sources of genetic variability. The objective of this study was to quantitatively characterize 28 populations of maize landraces from the state of Paraná using the estimates of the effects of varieties and heterosis parents and the general combining ability, thereby assessing the main agronomic traits. In the crop of 2008/09, 56 inter-varietal hybrids, obtained through a topcross, 28 populations of maize landraces and three check varieties were evaluated for female flowering (FF), plant height (PH), ear height (EH) and grain mass (GY). The treatments were evaluated in a randomized block design, with two replications, at three Paraná State locations: the Experimental Center of the Agronomic Institute of Paraná in Londrina (IAPAR) and the experimental units of Pato Branco and Ponta Grossa. The data were submitted to an analysis of variance, considering a fixed model for genotypes and a random model for environments; the averages grouped by the Scott-Knott test, along with intersections of topcrosses, were analyzed according to a readapted model proposed by Oliveira et al. (1997). According to estimates of the parental effects, the GI 133 population showed the most promising estimates for all characteristics. The GI 088 and GI 173 populations stood out with promising estimates of the effects of heterosis. The conclusion is that the populations GI 133 and GI 173 may be indicated for recurrent selection programs or participation in obtaining composites.

scholarly journals Heterosis in crosses among white grain maize populations with high quality protein

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcio Costa Rodrigues ◽  
Lázaro José Chaves ◽  
Cleso Antônio Patto Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Normal Equation ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Maize Populations ◽  
High Quality Protein ◽  
Female Flowering ◽  
White Grain

The objective of this work was to investigate heterosis and its components in 16 white grain maize populations presenting high quality protein. These populations were divided according to grain type in order to establish different heterosis groups. The crosses were carried out according to a partial diallel cross design among flint and dent populations. Seven agronomic traits were evaluated in three environments while four leaf diseases and incidence of corn stunt were evaluated in one. Least square procedure was applied to the normal equation X'Xbeta = X'Y, to estimate the model effects and their respective sum of squares. Among the heterosis components, in diallel analysis, significance for average heterosis in grain yield, number of days to female flowering and to all evaluated diseases was detected. Specific heterosis was significant for days to female flowering and resistance to Puccinia polysora. Results concerned to grain yield trait indicate that populations with superior performance in dent group, no matter what flint population group is used in crosses, tend to generate superior intervarietal hybrids. In decreasing order of preference, the dent type populations CMS 476, ZQP/B 103 and ZQP/B 101 and the flint type CMS 461, CMS 460, ZQP/B 104 and ZQP/B 102 are recommended to form composites.

scholarly journals Combining ability and heritability of selected rice varieties for grain yield, its components and grain quality characters

Genetika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 559-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehrzad Allahgholipour ◽  
Ezatollah Farshdfar ◽  
Babak Rabiei
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Gelatinization Temperature ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Additive Gene

This study was conducted to determine the combining ability and heritability of rice grain yield, its components and some grain quality traits such as amylose content (AC), gelatinization temperature (GT), gel consistency (GC) and head rice recovery (HRR). The study was commenced by crossing the selected rice varieties based on a full diallel mating design. The F1 was harvested at the end of the season. In the following season, the crossed, reciprocal and parental lines were planted in randomly complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance indicated that genotypes were significantly different for all traits. The diallel analysis by Griffing`s method showed highly significant differences for GCA for number of panicles per plant (PN), amylose content, gelatinization temperature and head rice recovery. Highly significant differences were also observed for both SCA and REC for all evaluated characters. The results showed that the grain yield (GY), number of filled grains (FGN), 100-grain weight (HGW) and GC were controlled by non-additive gene action, while the inheritance of PN, AC, GT and HRR were largely controlled by additive gene effects, although non- additive genetic components and reciprocal effect were also involved, which suggest that a selection process could be done in the early generations. The two improved lines (RI18442-1 and RI18430-46) were found to be good general combiners for GY and FGN, while the best combiners for PN was Tarom Mohali and IR50 and for HGW was RI18430-46. The best combinations for GY were RI18430-46 ? IR50, Tarom Mohali ? RI18447-2 and Daylamani ? RI18430-46. The good hybrids were Tarom Mohali ? IR50, Line23 ? RI18447-2 and Line23 ? Backcross line for AC. Narrow sense heritability showed that the GY and GC had the lowest values while the other traits had either moderate or high heritability, which indicates selection in the early generations could be done to fix the favorable genes. In present study, narrow sense heritability was high for AC and moderate for GT, PN and HRR.

scholarly journals Evaluating Genetic Parameters and Combining Ability of Starch Viscosity Parameters in Rice Cultivars (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 665
Author(s):  
Alireza Haghighi Hasanalideh ◽  
Mehrzad Allahgholipour ◽  
Ezatollah Farshadfar
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Breeding Methods ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Diallel Mating Design ◽  
Additive Gene

This study was undertaken to assess the combining ability of 6 rice varieties, for viscosity parameters and determining gene action controlling Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA) characters. F2 progenies derived from a 6×6 half diallel mating design with their parents were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Rice Research Institute of Iran (RRII) in 2015. The diallel analysis by Griffing`s method indicated the involvement of additive and non-additive gene actions controlling RVA traits. For traits PV and FV RI18447-2 and IR50 were the best combiners for increasing and decreasing, respectively. Deylamani and IR50 were the best combiners for increasing and decreasing BV, respectively. Beside, due to more portion of non-additive gene action in controlling trait SV, The Gilaneh × RI18430-46, and Deylamani × RI18430-46 crosses were the best for increasing and decreasing SV, respectively. The high estimates of broad sense heritability and narrow sense heritability for BV and FV, indicated the importance of additive effects in expression of these traits. Therefore, selection base breeding methods will be useful to improve these traits and selection in the early generations could be done to fix the favourable genes. Low estimate of narrow sense heritability for SV revealed that non-additive gene effects play important role in controlling setback viscosity. So, hybrid base breeding methods will be useful to improve this trait.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF HERITABILITY IN DIFFERENT CHARACTERS OF LETTUCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 514-526
Author(s):  
ALISSON HENRIQUE GAMA DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
GABRIEL MASCARENHAS MACIEL ◽  
ANA CAROLINA SILVA SIQUIEROLI ◽  
JOSÉ MAGNO QUEIROZ LUZ ◽  
ERNANI CLARETE DA SILVA
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Gene Interactions ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Additive Variance ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Number Of Genes ◽  
Number Of Leaves

ABSTRACT The lack of knowledge of the genetic parameters and the type of gene action results in difficulties to obtain varieties that combine agronomic and functional characteristics. The objective of this study was to determine the type of gene action associated with the contents of chlorophyll and agronomic characteristics in lettuce populations. The research was conducted at the Experimental Station of Vegetables, Monte Carmelo, Brazil. To perform the crosses and obtain the generations P1, P2, F1, F2, Bc1 and Bc2 the genotypes UFU-Albina#2, UFU-Albina#3, UFU-Lisa124#2#1, UFU-Crespa199#1#1 and UFU-Lisa217#5#2 were used as parents. The generations were evaluated for three characteristics: number of leaves, plant diameter and chlorophyll content. The parameters: genetic, phenotypic, environmental and additive variance, the dominance in F2, heritability in the broad and narrow-sense, the average degree of dominance based on averages, number of genes, the measure of the dominance deviations, additive effects and all interactions of ‘additive x additive’, ‘additive x dominant’ and ‘dominant x dominant’ type, were evaluated. Chlorophyll content was the most influenced by the environment. Plant diameter had the highest narrow-sense heritability for the cross UFU-Lisa-124#2#1 x UFU-Albina#3 (82.1%). The number of genes for the number of leaves varied from inconclusive to a minimum of 9 genes. The gene interactions for number of leaves were of overdominance type, while for plant diameter and for chlorophyll content the gene interactions were of partial dominance. The characteristics are suggested as being of polygenic or oligogenic nature.

scholarly journals GENE ACTION OF AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
P. S. Biswas ◽  
M. Enamul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Gene Action ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Days To Heading

Six parent diallel cross without reciprocal was studied to investigate the genetic behavior of different agronomic traits in rice. The analysis of Wr-Vr graph showed that panicle length, thousand grain weight and grain yield per plant did not follow the additive-dominance model indicating epistatic gene action responsible for the expression of these traits. All other traits under the study were conditioned by overdominance gene action except grains per panicle, which was controlled by partial dominance. The Yr? – (Vr + Wr)? graph revealed random distribution of dominant and recessive gene in expressing different traits in different parent, while correlation between parental mean and parental order of dominance indicated increasing effect of dominant gene for all the traits except days to heading and % spikelet sterility.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v20i2.17033

Estimation of genetic parameters and combining ability analysis in blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Thamodharan ◽  
A. Ramalingam ◽  
S. Geetha
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
Combining Ability Analysis ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Pod Length

An experiment was carried out in blackgram using line x tester mating design to estimate the gca effect of parents (six lines and five testers) and sca effect of 30 hybrids for yield and its traits. Estimates of gca and sca variances, degree of dominance, predictability ratio and narrow sense heritability revealed that only three trais viz., pods per plant, seeds per pod and single plant yield were controlled by additive gene action and hence showed high narrow sense heritability. Magnitude of non-additive gene action was higher than the additive gene action for traits like plant height, days to 50% flowering, cluster per plant, 100 seed weight, days to maturity, branches per plant and pod length. Three parents ‘MDU1, ADT3 and LBG-752 were the best combiners and three crosses ‘MDU1 x VBN (Bg) 6, LBG-752 x VBN (Bg) 6, LBG-752 x Mash-114 showed high per se performance and significant positive sca for yield. For exploiting both additive and non-additive gene action recurrent selection to be followed to improve yield in blackgram.

Inheritance of seed protein and seed oil content in early maturing soybean

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 603-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne L. McKendry ◽  
Peter B. E. McVetty ◽  
Harvey D. Voldeng
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Additive Gene Action ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Additive Gene

The inheritance of seed protein, seed oil, and the sum of protein and oil was investigated in two early maturing soybean crosses, 'Maple Presto' × 'Sioux' and 'Maple Presto' × X446-2-1, in 2 years (1981 and 1982) at one location (Winnipeg). Analyses of variance of the parental performance over years indicated that the parents differed significantly for all three traits studied and that genotype by year interactions were effectively zero. Generation means analysis indicated that gene action for seed protein was primarily additive, with partial dominance for low protein. Seed oil was also conditioned primarily by additive gene action. Partial dominance was not consistently detected over years and therefore was of minor importance. Additive × additive epistatic effects for seed oil were also detected but were not consistent over years. The sum of seed protein and oil was conditioned solely by additive gene action. Variance analyses indicated a predominance of additive genetic variance for all three traits. Dominance variance was also detected for both seed protein and the sum of protein and oil. Broad sense heritability for the F2 generation ranged from 76 to 83% for seed protein and from 68 to 86% for the sum of protein and oil, while narrow sense heritability ranged from 34 to 72% for seed protein and from 39 to 65% for the sum of protein and oil. Narrow sense heritability values equalled broad sense values for seed oil and ranged from 58 to 68%. Heritability was also estimated from standard unit parent – progeny regression analyses and values for all three traits were found to approach the variance analyses estimated broad sense heritabilities. Comparisons with the results of late maturing soybean crosses are made and implications of the results obtained in this study on early maturing soybean breeding programs are discussed.Key words: Glycine max, heritability, 00 and 000 maturity groups, breeding strategies.

scholarly journals Estimates of Heritability and Genetic Advance for Yield Components of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) under Drought Stress Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
A. Sheidu ◽  
T. M. Igyuve ◽  
A. E. Ochigbo
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Parental Mating ◽  
Pod Number

The study was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farms, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria. Five Cowpea genotypes (FUAMPEA-1, IT99K-573-1-1, SAMPEA-16, SAMPEA-8, BIU LOCAL) were crossed and advanced to F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 populations using bi-parental mating design. The six generations were evaluated in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Significant test of the mean performances among the entries showed significant differences among the generations for the characters studied. Wide ranges of narrow sense heritability (18 to 79%), broad sense heritability (21 to 92%) and genetic advance (5.7 to 24.1%) were obtained for characters studied. Broad and narrow sense heritability as well as genetic advance was moderate to high for most of the characters studied such as days to 50% flowering, plant height, days to pod maturity, number of seeds per pod, number of pods per plant, hundred seed weight, root length and grain yield for the three sets of cowpea crosses. The results also revealed the possibility of exploitation for grain yield and drought tolerance in the crosses studied.

scholarly journals Gene action and heritability in bi-parental crosses of sunflower

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-315
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ali Abdelsatar ◽  
Tamer Hassan Ali Hassan
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Degree Of Dominance ◽  
North Sinai ◽  
Selection Of

A field experiment was conducted in the contrasting locations of Kafr-El-Hamam/Sharkia and Al-Arish/North Sinai agricultural research stations of the Agricultural Research Center in Egypt. We estimated the additive and dominance genetic variances, as well as heritability in the broad and narrow senses for sunflower yield and its attributes in the cross L350 x L355 using North Carolina Design-III. The magnitude of the additive variances for all studied traits at both locations in proportion to the phenotypic variances was larger than the dominance variances. The average degree of dominance was greater than the unit, as also confirmed by the high narrow-sense heritability for most of the studied traits. The genetic improvement may be achieved through the selection of genotypes with larger head diameter and heavier seed weight which also showed moderate to high values of narrow-sense heritability. Thirty-two sunflower backcrosses were grouped into eight distinct clusters/groups by canonical analysis.

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