In silico identification of cis-Regulatory elements and their functional annotations from assembled ESTs of Artemisia annua L. involved in abiotic stress signaling

Salt stress is a common side-effect in plants impacted on plant growth, metabolism and productivity. A. annua L. is one of the well-known antimalarial plants, biosynthesized artemisinin in its leaf, now introduced in all-over the world. In this article, we have analyzed the A. annua L. ESTs under salt stress and predicted cis-regulatory elements, roles in abiotic stress signaling. Further, the predicted abiotic stress responsive factors were analyzed in order to their function annotations as compare to the genome of Arabidopsis thaliana. 11 EST-contigs assembled from 127 were 29 signals elements were identified by CAP3 program. In order to evaluate accuracy of the identified factors, gene ontology functions were performed. GOBP analysis enriched the genes (85.71%) as the response to abiotic signaling. The co-expression analysis was revealed by gene investigators and String 10.0, these factors-oriented genes had at least 0.40 correlations and 0.7 mutual connection. In projected PPI network, the recognized factors belong to plant hormone signaling and diterpene pathways. These factors (ABF1, APX CCC1, CPK6, JAZ1, MYC2) introduced as candidate genes responsive factors could be overexpressed in A. annua L. plants either alone or in a shuttle may led the good metabolism and higher artemisinin content.

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An ecological implication of glandular trichome-sequestered artemisinin: as a sink of biotic/abiotic stress-triggered singlet oxygen

10.7287/peerj.preprints.827v1 ◽

2015 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jiang He ◽

Qian Gao ◽

Tao Liao ◽

Qing-Ping Zeng

Keyword(s):

Abiotic Stress ◽

Singlet Oxygen ◽

Artemisia Annua ◽

Glandular Trichome ◽

Stress Signaling ◽

Ecological Implication ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Ecological Implications ◽

Dihydroartemisinic Acid ◽

Artemisinin Biosynthesis

Artemisinin is accumulated in wormwood (Artemisia annua) with uncertain ecological implications. Here, we suggest that artemisinin is generated in response to biotic/abiotic stress, during which dihydroartemisinic acid, a direct artemisinin precursor, quenches singlet oxygen (1O2), one kind of reactive oxygen species. Evidence supporting artemisinin as a sink of 1O2 emerges from that volatile isoprenoids protect plants from biotic/abiotic stress; biotic/abiotic stress induces artemisinin biosynthesis; and stress signaling pathways are involved in the biosynthesis of volatile isoprenoids among plants as well as the biosynthesis of artemisinin in A. annua. In this review, we address the ecological implication of glandular trichome-sequestered artemisinin as a sink sink of biotic/abiotic stress-triggered 1O2 , and also summarize the cumulating data on the transcriptomic and metabolic profiling of stress-enhanced artemisinin production upon eliciting 1O2 omission from chloroplasts and initiating retrograde 1O2 signaling from chloroplasts to nuclei.

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Functional Characterization of GhACX3 Gene Reveals Its Significant Role in Enhancing Drought and Salt Stress Tolerance in Cotton

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.658755 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Margaret L. Shiraku ◽

Richard Odongo Magwanga ◽

Xiaoyan Cai ◽

Joy Nyangasi Kirungu ◽

Yanchao Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Abiotic Stress ◽

Gene Family ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Critical Role ◽

Functional Characterization ◽

Regulatory Elements ◽

Gene Family Evolution ◽

Tetraploid Cotton ◽

Drought And Salt Stress

The acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 3 (ACX3) gene involved in the β-oxidation pathway plays a critical role in plant growth and development as well as stress response. Earlier on, studies focused primarily on the role of β-oxidation limited to fatty acid breakdown. However, ACX3 peroxisomal β-oxidation pathways result in a downstream cascade of events that act as a transduction of biochemical and physiological responses to stress. A role that is yet to be studied extensively. In this study, we identified 20, 18, 22, 23, 20, 11, and 9 proteins in Gossypium hirsutum, G. barbadense, G. tomentosum, G. mustelinum, G. darwinii, G. arboretum, and G. raimondii genomes, respectively. The tetraploid cotton genome had protein ranging between 18 and 22, while diploids had between 9 and 11. After analyzing the gene family evolution or selection pressure, we found that this gene family undergoes purely segmental duplication both in diploids and tetraploids. W-Box (WRKY-binding site), ABRE, CAAT–Box, TATA-box, MYB, MBS, LTR, TGACG, and CGTCA-motif are abiotic stress cis-regulatory elements identified in this gene family. All these are the binding sites for abiotic stress transcription factors, indicating that this gene is essential. Genes found in G. hirsutum showed a clear response to drought and salinity stress, with higher expression under drought and salt stress, particularly in the leaf and root, according to expression analysis. We selected Gh_DO1GO186, one of the highly expressed genes, for functional characterization. We functionally characterized the GhACX3 gene through overexpression and virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). Overexpression of this gene enhanced tolerance under stress, which was exhibited by the germination assay. The overexpressed seed growth rate was faster relative to control under drought and salt stress conditions. The survival rate was also higher in overexpressed plants relative to control plants under stress. In contrast, the silencing of the GhACX3 gene in cotton plants resulted in plants showing the stress susceptibility phenotype and reduced root length compared to control. Biochemical analysis also demonstrated that GhACX3-silenced plants experienced oxidative stress while the overexpressed plants did not. This study has revealed the importance of the ACX3 family during stress tolerance and can breed stress-resilient cultivar.

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Genome-Wide Identification of LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN (LBD) Transcription Factors and Screening of Salt Stress Candidates of Rosa rugosa Thunb

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10100992 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 992

Author(s):

Jianwen Wang ◽

Weijie Zhang ◽

Yufei Cheng ◽

Liguo Feng

Keyword(s):

Transcription Factors ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Abiotic Stress ◽

Gene Family ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Wild Plant ◽

Stress Signaling ◽

Rosa Rugosa ◽

Lateral Organ ◽

Organ Boundaries

LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN (LBD) transcription factors are regulators of lateral organ morphogenesis, boundary establishment, and secondary metabolism in plants. The responsive role of LBD gene family in plant abiotic stress is emerging, whereas its salt stress responsive mechanism in Rosa spp. is still unclear. The wild plant of Rosa rugosa Thunb., which exhibits strong salt tolerance to stress, is an ideal material to explore the salt-responsive LBD genes. In our study, we identified 41 RrLBD genes based on the R. rugosa genome. According to phylogenetic analysis, all RrLBD genes were categorized into Classes I and II with conserved domains and motifs. The cis-acting element prediction revealed that the promoter regions of most RrLBD genes contain defense and stress responsiveness and plant hormone response elements. Gene expression patterns under salt stress indicated that RrLBD12c, RrLBD25, RrLBD39, and RrLBD40 may be potential regulators of salt stress signaling. Our analysis provides useful information on the evolution and development of RrLBD gene family and indicates that the candidate RrLBD genes are involved in salt stress signaling, laying a foundation for the exploration of the mechanism of LBD genes in regulating abiotic stress.

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Allelic Variants of CRISPR/Cas9 Induced Mutation in an Inositol Trisphosphate 5/6 Kinase Gene Manifest Different Phenotypes in Barley

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9020195 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 195 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vlčko ◽

Ohnoutková

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Abiotic Stress ◽

Deletion Mutant ◽

Inositol Phosphate ◽

Inositol Trisphosphate ◽

Insertion Mutant ◽

Stress Signaling ◽

Kinase Gene ◽

Mutant Lines

Inositol trisphosphate 5/6 kinases (ITPK) constitute a small group of enzymes participating in the sequential phosphorylation of inositol phosphate to inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6), which is a major storage form of phosphate in cereal grains. The development of lines with reduced IP6 content could enhance phosphate and mineral bioavailability. Moreover, plant ITPKs participate in abiotic stress signaling. To elucidate the role of HvITPK1 in IP6 synthesis and stress signaling, a barley itpk1 mutant was created using programmable nuclease Cas9. Homozygous single bp insertion and deletion mutant lines were obtained. The mutants contained altered levels of phosphate in the mature grains, ranging from 65% to 174% of the wild type (WT) content. Homozygous mutant lines were tested for their response to salinity during germination. Interestingly, insertion mutant lines revealed a higher tolerance to salinity stress than deletion mutants. Mature embryos of an insertion mutant itpk1-2 and deletion mutant itpk1-33 were cultivated in vitro on MS medium supplemented with NaCl at 50, 100, and 200 mM. While both mutants grew less well than WT on no or low salt concentrations, the itpk1-2 mutant was affected less than the WT and itpk33 when grown on the highest NaCl concentration. The expression of all ITPKs was induced in roots in response to salt stress. In shoots, the differential effect of high salt on IPTK expression in the two iptk1 mutants was consistent with their different sensitivities to salt stress. The results extend the evidence for the involvement of ITPK genes in phosphate storage and abiotic stress signaling.

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Genome-wide identification and characterization of NF-Y gene family in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

10.21203/rs.2.11389/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Qian Wan ◽

Lu Luo ◽

Xiurong Zhang ◽

Yuying Lv ◽

Suqing Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Abiotic Stress ◽

Stress Response ◽

Gene Duplication ◽

Gene Family ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Functional Characterization ◽

Regulatory Elements ◽

Salt Stress Response

Abstract Background Nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) gene family consists of NF-YA, NF-YB and NF-YC subfamilies. Many members of NF-Y family have been involved in plant development processes, phytohormone signaling and tolerance to stresses in Arabidopsis and other plant species. However, little attention has been given in peanut. Results A total of 33 AhNF-Y genes (AhNF-Ys) were identified and distributed on 16 chromosomes. A phylogenetic analysis indicated that NF-Y genes prossessed highly conservatism in different plants. Gene duplication analyze indicated that only segmental duplication were detected. The abiotic stress-related regulatory elements analysis showed that AhNF-Ys, except for AhNF-YB6, contained at least one abiotic stress response element. With RNA-seq data, the tissue/organ-specific expression and differential expression profiling under salt stress were analyzed, indicating that six selected AhNF-Y gene may play potential roles in the regulation of salt stress response. qRT-PCR results suggested that these AhNF-Y genes also responded to osmotic, ABA (Abscisic Acid) and SA (Salicylic acid) stresses. Conclusions In this study, thirty three AhNF-Y genes were identified in cultivated peanut and the phylogeny, gene structures, motif composition, chromosomal location, gene duplication, stress-related regulatory elements, and expression patterns were also examined. These results may contribute to functional characterization of AhNF-Y genes in further research.

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An ecological implication of glandular trichome-sequestered artemisinin: as a sink of biotic/abiotic stress-triggered singlet oxygen

10.7287/peerj.preprints.827 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Jiang He ◽

Qian Gao ◽

Tao Liao ◽

Qing-Ping Zeng

Keyword(s):

Abiotic Stress ◽

Singlet Oxygen ◽

Artemisia Annua ◽

Glandular Trichome ◽

Stress Signaling ◽

Ecological Implication ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Ecological Implications ◽

Dihydroartemisinic Acid ◽

Artemisinin Biosynthesis

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The maize hexokinase gene ZmHXK7 confers salt resistance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants

10.1101/2021.04.26.441367 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Qianqian Liu ◽

Zengyuan Tian ◽

Yuqi Guo

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Abiotic Stress ◽

Gene Family ◽

Transgenic Arabidopsis ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Regulatory Elements ◽

Salt Resistance ◽

Pcr Analysis ◽

Plant Expression Vector ◽

Localization Analysis

AbstractThe hexokinase (HXK) gene family, whose members play vital roles in sugar induction signals and glycolysis in organisms, is widely found in plants. Although some hexokinase genes have been studied in maize, a systematic report of the gene family and its role in plant resistance is lacking. In this study, 10 hexokinase genes were systematically identified in maize based on the maize genome-wide database. Phylogenetic analysis divides the maize HXK protein family into four clusters. Prediction of cis-regulatory elements showed that a number of elements responding to abiotic stress exist in the promoter of hexokinase genes. The expression profile of these genes, originated from B73, showed that different members of hexokinase genes are highly expressed in roots and leaves of maize under salt or drought stress, which is similar to that of Mo17.The coding sequence of ZmHXK7 gene, isolated from maize B73, was constructed into plant expression vector pMDC45 and then transformed into athxk3 (Salk_022188C). By hyg resistance detection, PCR analysis, and western blot confirmation, the homozygous progenies of transgenic Arabidopsis lines were identified. Subcellular localization analysis showed that the ZmHXK7 gene was located in cytosol. Seedling growth and salt stress inhibition in complementary mutant plants of ZmHXK7 gene were significantly improved, and enhanced salt tolerance was displayed. Our study provides insights into the evolution and expression patterns of the hexokinase gene and show that maize ZmHXK7 proteins play an important role in resisting salt stress, which will be useful in plant breeding for abiotic stress resistance.

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