scholarly journals Reducing the Impact of Stereotype Threat on Women‘s Math Performance: Are Two Strategies Better Than One?

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Stereotype Threat ◽  
Math Performance ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Estudiantes Universitarios

Introducción. Se llevaron a cabo dos estudios para investigar si la amenaza de estereotipo influye en el rendimiento que las alumnas alcanzan en matemáticas, y si las estrategias simultáneas de reducción de amenaza pueden llegar a compensar ese efecto. Método. En el Estudio 1, estudiantes universitarios de ambos sexos (N = 100) observaron un video que mostraba a hombres mujeres obteniendo iguales resultados (igualdad de género) o a los hombres superando a las mujeres (diferencias de género) en una prueba de matemáticas. En el Estudio 2, (N = 44) mujeres vieron el video de las diferencias de género, seguido por manipulaciones de falsa atribución (clave presente, ausente) y auto-afirmación (presente, ausente), antes de tomar la prueba. Resultados En el Estudio 1 las mujeres, después de ver el vídeo de las diferencias de género, obtuvieron peores resultados en la prueba que los hombres; mientras que bajo las condiciones de igualdad de género no se observe ninguna diferencia de género. En el Estudio 2, la auto-afirmación incrementó el rendimiento en la prueba. Sin embargo, la realización de contrastes pre-establecidos indicaron que sólo las mujeres que recibieron manipulaciones de falsa atribución y oportunidades de auto-afirmación superaron a sus contrapartes que no recibieron estas estrategias de reducción. Discusión. Estos resultados se discuten en relación a la teoría de la Amenaza de Estereotipo y se proporcionan las implicaciones educativas.

scholarly journals DESARROLLO VOCACIONAL Y FACTORES QUE INFLUYERON EN LA ELECCIÓN VOCACIONAL EN PERSONAS DISCAPACITADAS CON ESTUDIOS UNIVERSITARIOS INSERTADAS LABORALMENTE

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
José Manuel Martínez Vicente ◽  
María Ángeles Segura García ◽  
Isabel García Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
University Students ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Vocational Development ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Estudiantes Universitarios

Abstract:The characteristics and factors of vocational behaviour which have an impact on non-disabled university students are relatively well-known (Rocabert and Martínez-Vicente, 2011). However, the vocational development and advancement of disabled university students is less well-known. The aim of this paper was to study the vocational advancement and the factors of choice of disabled university graduates in employment taking into account gender differences. For this purpose the Cuestionario de Biodatos Universitarios (CBU) by Rocabert and Martínez-Vicente (2011) and the Inventario de Factores Vocacionales by Rivas and Pascual (2003) were given to a sample of 30 disabled university graduates (average age, 32.8 years; standard deviation, 9.2 years). The results showed that psychogenic factors heavily conditioned the vocational behaviour of both sexes. They also showed that the impact of sociogenic factors linked to external and stereotyped influences is more significant in women.Keywords: Vocational development and advancement, factors of choice, disability, gender.Resumen:Si bien son conocidas las características y factores de la conducta vocacional que influyen en los estudiantes universitarios sin discapacidad (Rocabert y Martínez-Vicente, 2011) se conocen en menor medida las características vocacionales de los estudiantes universitarios con algún tipo de discapacidad. Es por ello que el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las características del desarrollo vocacional y de los factores de elección de personas discapacitadas con titulación universitaria e insertada laboralmente comprobando si existen diferencias debido al sexo. Para ello fueron aplicados el Cuestionario de Biodatos Universitarios (CBU) de Rocabert y Martínez-Vicente (2011) y el Inventario de factores vocacionales de Rivas y Pascual (2003), a una muestra de 30 personas con discapacidad con estudios universitarios e insertadas laboralmente de una edad media de 32,8 años y una desviación típica de 9,2. Los resultados confirmaron que los factores de carácter psicogénico dominaron y modularon la conducta vocacional en ambos géneros. Por otra parte se constató una mayor influencia en las mujeres de factores de carácter sociogénico asociados a influencias externas y estereotipadas.Palabras claves: Desarrollo vocacional, factores de elección, discapacidad, género.

scholarly journals Assessing the impact of gender education on sexism: evidence from college students in Madrid

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 221-233
Author(s):  
María Isabel Cepeda-González
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Gender Education ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Estudiantes Universitarios

El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar el impacto de la educación de género en el nivel de sexismo ambivalente en los estudiantes universitarios de Madrid. Para lograr este objetivo, estudiamos una muestra de 280 estudiantes de la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos de Madrid (220 mujeres y 60 hombres). 126 son estudiantes con especialización en Criminología que recibieron 60 horas de educación de género. 154 son estudiantes con especialización en Enfermería que no recibieron educación de género. Elegimos estudiantes en Criminología y Enfermería porque su práctica profesional está vinculada a la violencia de género. La metodología consistió en aplicar la Escala de Detección del Sexismo en Adolescentes. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes que aprendieron sobre el género son menos sexistas. De los estudiantes con educación de género, las mujeres son menos sexistas. Nuestro estudio es una investigación orientada a la acción, ya que proporciona información útil para los profesionales interesados en crear acciones para prevenir el sexismo entre los estudiantes universitarios.

The Stereotype Threat Effect

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Moritz ◽  
Insa Happach ◽  
Karla Spirandelli ◽  
Tania M. Lincoln ◽  
Fabrice Berna
Keyword(s):  
Stereotype Threat ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Neuropsychological Performance ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Memory And Attention ◽  
Threat Effect ◽  
Efficacy Expectations ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Neurocognitive deficits in patients with mental disorders are partially due to secondary influences. “Stereotype threat” denotes the phenomenon that performance is compromised when a participant is confronted with a devaluing stereotype. The present study examined the impact of stereotype threat on neuropsychological performance in schizophrenia. Seventy-seven participants with a self-reported diagnosis of schizophrenia were randomly assigned to either an experimental condition involving stereotype threat activation or a control condition in an online study. Participants completed memory and attention tests as well as questionnaires on motivation, self-efficacy expectations, cognitive complaints, and self-stigmatization. Contrary to our prediction, the two groups showed no significant differences regarding neuropsychological performance and self-report measures. Limitations, such as a possibly too weak threat cue, are discussed and recommendations for future studies are outlined.

Evaluating Stereotype Threat Manipulations and Math Performance

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Osland ◽  
Alice P. Carter ◽  
Mary M. Livingston
Keyword(s):  
Stereotype Threat ◽  
Math Performance

scholarly journals Advertising Media Impact in Consumer Buying Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
Ashmita Dahal Chhetri
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Media Impact ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Buying Behaviors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

Advertisements have been used for many years to influence the buying behaviors of the consumers. Advertisements are helpful in creating the awareness and perception among the customers of a product. This particular research was conducted on the 100 young male and female who use different brands of product to check the influence of advertisement on their buying behavior while creating the awareness and building the perceptions. Correlation, regression and other statistical tools were used to identify the relationship between these variables. The results revealed that the relationship between media and consumer behavior is positive. The adve1tising impact on sales and there is positive and high degree relationship between advertising and consumer behavior. The impact on advertising of a product of electronic media is better than non-electronic media.

The Impact of Stereotype Threat on Memory and Cognition in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 019394592110297
Author(s):  
Graham J. McDougall ◽  
Todd B. Monroe ◽  
Keenan A. Pituch ◽  
Michael A. Carter ◽  
Laurie Abbott
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Stereotype Threat ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Memory Training ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Bivariate Correlation ◽  
The Impact

Cultural stereotypes that equate aging with decreased competence and increased forgetfulness have persisted for decades. Stereotype threat (ST) refers to the psychological discomfort people experience when confronted by a negative, self-relevant stereotype in a situation where their behavior could be construed as confirming that belief. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships of ST on memory performance in older adults over 24 months. The ST levels on average significantly declined, or improved in the memory training, but not the health training group. Although not significant at the .01 level, the bivariate correlation indicated that change in ST was moderately related to change in verbal memory, suggesting the possibility that improvements (or reductions) in ST may be related to increases in verbal memory scores. We discovered that the unique contribution of ST into the memory performance of healthy older adults offers a possible malleable trait.

scholarly journals Locking down the Impact of New Zealand’s COVID-19 Alert Level Changes on Pets

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 758
Author(s):  
Fiona Esam ◽  
Rachel Forrest ◽  
Natalie Waran
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Separation Anxiety ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Normal Life ◽  
Pet Owners ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

The influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on human-pet interactions within New Zealand, particularly during lockdown, was investigated via two national surveys. In Survey 1, pet owners (n = 686) responded during the final week of the five-week Alert Level 4 lockdown (highest level of restrictions—April 2020), and survey 2 involved 498 respondents during July 2020 whilst at Alert Level 1 (lowest level of restrictions). During the lockdown, 54.7% of owners felt that their pets’ wellbeing was better than usual, while only 7.4% felt that it was worse. Most respondents (84.0%) could list at least one benefit of lockdown for their pets, and they noted pets were engaged with more play (61.7%) and exercise (49.7%) than pre-lockdown. Many respondents (40.3%) expressed that they were concerned about their pet’s wellbeing after lockdown, with pets missing company/attention and separation anxiety being major themes. In Survey 2, 27.9% of respondents reported that they continued to engage in increased rates of play with their pets after lockdown, however, the higher levels of pet exercise were not maintained. Just over one-third (35.9%) of owners took steps to prepare their pets to transition out of lockdown. The results indicate that pets may have enjoyed improved welfare during lockdown due to the possibility of increased human-pet interaction. The steps taken by owners to prepare animals for a return to normal life may enhance pet wellbeing long-term if maintained.

Threat inoculation: Experienced and imagined intergenerational contact prevents stereotype threat effects on older people's math performance.

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 934-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Abrams ◽  
Richard J. Crisp ◽  
Sibila Marques ◽  
Emily Fagg ◽  
Lauren Bedford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stereotype Threat ◽  
Math Performance

The Impact of Between-Wave Engagement Strategies on Response to a Longitudinal Survey

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Cleary ◽  
Nigel Balmer
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Longitudinal Surveys ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Participant Engagement ◽  
Engagement Strategies ◽  
Design Attributes ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

Maintaining participant engagement in longitudinal surveys has been a key focus of survey research, and has implications for the quality of response and cost of administration. This paper presents new research measuring the impact of the design of between-wave keeping-in-touch mailings on response to the mailing and subsequent wave of a longitudinal survey. Three design attributes of the mailings were randomly implemented: the form of response request (whether respondents were asked to respond only if their address had changed, or in all cases to confirm or update their address); the newsletter included with the mailing (contrasting a newsletter with content tailored to respondent characteristics with a general newsletter and no newsletter); and the outgoing postage used (stamped or franked). The experiments were fielded on a new longitudinal study, the English and Welsh Civil and Social Justice Panel Survey (CSJPS), and took place between waves one and two. Fieldwork for both waves was conducted by Ipsos MORI face-to-face interviewers. Our main finding was that the tailored newsletter was associated with a significant increase in the wave-two response rate. However, in relation to response to the request, the tailored newsletter, or sending no newsletter at all, were equally effective at inducing response, and significantly better than the general newsletter. We also found that, in relation to the form of request, the ‘change of address’ request was as effective as the more costly ‘confirmation’ request. Findings are discussed with reference to the design of keeping-in-touch mailings for longitudinal surveys.

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