scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF AGRICULTURAL LAND SOILS of LVIV REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zinovy Pankiv ◽  
Andrii Kyrylchuk ◽  
Oksana Bonishko
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
The Real ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Land Assessment

The basis of agricultural land assessment (soil rating, economic land assessment, normative monetary assessment of land) is the properties of agricultural soil groups (141 agricultural groups) within 11 natural-agricultural districts of Lviv region. The structure of the soil cover of Lviv region is dominated by sod-podzolic soils (17.9%), brown soils, mountain-forest (14.0%), dark gray podzolic soils (12.1%). Typical low-humus black soils (78.6%), podzolic black soils (75.2%), and black-meadow soils (66.9%) are characterized by the highest indicators of agricultural development. Quite significant agricultural development, due to large-scale drainage reclamation, is characterized by hydromorphic soils: meadow-swamp (94.7%), swamp (84.2%), peat-swamp (82.5%), lowland peatlands (72.1). The most significant disadvantage of rating is the use of outdated information about natural and acquired soil properties, which do not correspond to the current state, do not reflect the quality of soils. In order to improve land assessment indicators, it is advisable to conduct soil research on all land plots. The weighted average rating of soil quality of agricultural lands of the region is 26 and has significant fluctuations in terms of natural-agricultural areas (NAA): 48 points for Zolochiv and 10 for Turkiv, which is due to the structure of agricultural groups in these areas and their diagnostic indicators. Dark gray podzolic and degraded, black soil podzolic and slightly degraded (75 points) and black soil crushed on the eluvium of dense carbonate rocks (76 points) have the highest rating of arable agricultural groups in Lviv region. Economic assessment of land was carried out in the conditions of the collective farm-state farm system of land use at approximately the same cost per unit of production and therefore in modern conditions of diversity of agricultural entities they do not reflect the real situation and require significant improvement. The introduction of land reform in Ukraine has facilitated the monetary assessment of lands, which is determined by their location within a certain NAA, the composition of lands and the rating scores of the quality of agricultural groups of soils within them. The highest cost of arable land in Borshchovytskyi and Zolochivskyi NAA districts (56.3 thousand UAH and 61.6 thousand UAH per 1 ha, respectively) (agro-group 100 d, e). UAH The highest cost of hayfields in Zolochiv SSR district - 20.3 thousand UAH per 1 hectare (agrogroup 133d) The highest value of 1 hectare of pastures in Sambir-Zhydachiv NAA district - 16.7 thousand UAH (agrogroup 18c). Given the complexity and high cost of large-scale soil surveys within the state, it is advisable to conduct soil research on all land plots involved in civil relations (lease, sale, mortgage, gift, inheritance, mine), which will establish the real state of soil cover within their limits, calculate real assessment and, in the future, update information on the main means of labor in agriculture and forestry. Key words: soil resources, agrogroups, natural-agricultural areas, rating of agrogroups, normative monetary assessment of soils.

Kerangka Kebijakan Sosio-Budaya Menuju Pertanian 2025 ke Arah Pertanian Pedesaan Berdaya Saing Tinggi, Berkeadilan dan Berkelanjutan

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Tri Pranadji
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Development Orientation

<strong>English</strong><br />The condition of rural agriculture recently facing some big problems in particular the weakness of social capital, poverty and environmental degradation which are progressively on large scale. Vision of agricultural development 2025 is sustaining rural welfare which is characterized by highly competitive, equity and sustainable. One of very important agricultural policies is how to improve rural socio-culture regarding to most of rural people good opportunity in higher level of quality of life. Therefore, agricultural development 2025 will strongly require a comprehensive framework of socio-culture policy. There are five primary elements of socio-culture which must be developed in agricultural development 2025, that are human competency (or high quality of human capital), strong local leadership, value system, health agribusiness organization (and management) at village level, and equal social structure (being based on agrarian resources domination). It is highly recommend that framework of socio-culture policy is constructed by combination between time reference of change and level of society in one side, and elements of socio-culture which are being transformed in the other side. Social capital, such as  rural law enforcement and governmental decentralization at rural level, have to be considered as the key to success in achieving rural community welfare. Some important aspects which must be paid attention to arrange good condition for running agriculture vision 2025 are to shift development orientation (from urban bias of non-agricultural resources based and footloose industrialization) toward rural industrialization base on local natural and human resources; agrarian reform base; strengthening of social control based on civil society; harmonization of partnership among government, rural-agricultural economic actors and community; and political arrangement which farmers have higher influence in political decision.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Pertanian pedesaan saat ini masih menghadapi tiga masalah besar, yaitu lemahnya modal sosial, kemiskinan dan kerusakan sumberdaya pertanian yang semakin membesar. Visi pembangunan pertanian 2025 yang sesuai adalah pertanian pedesaan yang berdaya saing tinggi, berkeadilan dan berkelanjutan. Salah satu kebijakan pembangunan pertanian yang penting adalah kebijakan pemberdayaan sosio-budaya pedesaan. Oleh karena itu pembangunan pertanian 2025 membutuhkan kerangka kebijakan sosio-budaya yang komprehensif. Ada lima elemen sosio-budaya utama yang harus dikembangkan, yaitu: kompetensi SDM, kepemimpinan lokal, tata nilai, keorganisasian (dan manajemen) usaha tingkat desa dan struktur sosial (berbasis penguasaan sumberdaya agraria). Kerangka kebijakan sosio-budaya mengacu pada kombinasi antara tingkat masyarakat dan jangka waktu di satu sisi, dan elemen sosio-budaya yang ditransformasikan di sisi lain. Modal sosial, seperti penegakan sistem hukum pedesaan dan desentralisasi pemerintahan hingga tingkat desa, harus dianggap sebagai kunci sukses pencapaian kesejahteraan masyarakat pertanian pedesaan berkelanjutan. Beberapa hal yang harus diperhatikan untuk mengkondisikan visi pertanian 2025 terwujud, yaitu: perlunya mengubah orientasi pembangunan (dari industrialisasi non-pertanian yang footloose dan bias kota) menjadi yang memihak pada industrialisasi pedesaan berbasis pertanian dan perbaikan sumberdaya agraria di pedesaan; pentingnya reformasi keagrariaan; pengembangan kekuatan kontrol masyarakat madani (civil society); sinergi (harmonis) atau partnership antara pemerintah, pelaku usaha pertanian di pedesaan dan masyarakat lokal; dan tatanan politik yang memberi posisi layak bagi petani pedesaan.

Significance of wetlands in water quality management - past and present situation of Kizilirmak Delta, Turkey

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 145-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Samsunlu ◽  
L. Akca ◽  
C. Kinaci ◽  
N. Findik ◽  
A. Tanik
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Ecological Value ◽  
Ecological Balance ◽  
River Deltas ◽  
Agricultural Areas

Wetlands are of utmost importance in the sense of protecting the natural ecological balance of the environment. It is possible to improve the water quality of wetlands, which are located in coastal areas like river deltas and lakes without disturbing the ecological balance through rehabilitation and by controlling. However, many wetlands in the world have so far been dried and converted to agricultural areas due to insufficient knowledge of their ecological value. Such an understanding was also held as true in Turkey and most of its wetlands have been converted to agricultural land till recent years. An example of such an occurrence and modifications within years are observed in the delta of the Kizilirmak River, which is the longest river of Turkey ending in the Black Sea. The past and present situation of the Kizilirmak delta will be investigated in this paper together with the changes in water quality. An evaluation of the water quality of the river and of lakes within the delta is done based on available previous data and on the final findings of water quality measurements conducted within the framework of this study.

Desertification or Sustainable Yields from Arid Environments

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Cloudsley-Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Multinational Organizations ◽  
Ecological Principles ◽  
The Cost

Throughout their existence, civilized peoples have been turning their environment into desert. The causes of desertification are well known—overgrazing, the felling of trees for fuel, and bad agricultural practices. Their effects are apparent in disasters such as the Sahel drought and recent famines in Ethiopia, the Sudan, and elsewhere. The population explosion enhances the extent of the environmental degradation. More agricultural land is currently being lost through salinization and waterlogging than is being created by new irrigation schemes, but this is only part of a problem that faces all tropical third-world countries and for which multinational organizations and the affluent nations of temperate regions are, regrettably and often unknowingly, largely responsible.Because the poorer countries receive, for their agricultural products, cash of which the market value does not take into account the cost to the environment of overexploiting the land, they are apparently doomed to a vicious circle of increasing poverty, deprivation, and famine. Yet it is not beyond the abilities of civilization to devise a viable scheme, based upon sound ecological principles, by which the quality of life of desert peoples could be immeasurably improved. Instead of trying to change the land to make it conform to present economic and political expectations, development should be adapted to exploit the potentialities of the environment as it exists. Such a scheme, profiting from the diversity of microenvironments that occur in desert regions, would encompass multiple land-use and the development of numerous small agricultural and other projects—rather than the large-scale schemes hitherto initiated in fragile environments, and which have so often led to large-scale disaster. By adopting it, the world would simultaneously be made both more stable and more productive for the benefit of all its inhabitants.

scholarly journals Cadastral data as a basis for rational use and protection of land

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 64-69
Author(s):  
Olha Tykhenko ◽  
Nataliia Bavrovska
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Land Conservation ◽  
The Public ◽  
New Information ◽  
The Status ◽  
Factors Of Influence ◽  
Methodological Principles

Without cadastral information, it is difficult to make any decisions about land. But in order for the system of state land cadastre to work effectively, it is necessary that the information in it is up-to-date, complete and reliable. The article analyzes in detail the existing legislative and regulatory acts and draws conclusions from the methodological principles of keeping the state land cadastre in the part concerning the consideration of factors of influence on the quality of land accounting. The status of agricultural land use was monitored and land conservation measures recommended. The authors have analyzed in detail the public information on the soil cover of Ukraine, which is displayed on the Public Cadastral Map of Ukraine. The necessity of enrichment of the cadastre with new information and indicators is investigated, which allows to solve a wider range of problems regarding the use of land as a spatial basis and the purpose of development of the multifunctional cadastre.

scholarly journals Agricultural Development through Regional Approach: A Case Study in Poultry Production Central Area in Mungka Sub-district, Lima Puluh Kota District

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Sri Endang Kornita, Sjafrizal, Helmi, Asdi Agustar
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Development Theory ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Regional Approach ◽  
Economic Development Theory ◽  
Agricultural Areas

The regional approach in agricultural development has only been limited to the concept and has not been implemented in real terms. Various forms and models of agricultural development policy using the regional approach cannot prove that the indicators of regional approach have existed and been applied in agricultural areas. The development of agriculture so far has only been sectoral. This indicates that the concept of agricultural development through regional approach has not been implemented in real condition. In development through regional approach, the synergies among sectors and among economic activities are compulsory. The production central area (PCA) approach is one of the agricultural development approaches based on regional economic development theory. This research aimed to assess how area production center as a model of agricultural development that had considered regional concept, could be success in developing regions. The respondents were layer hen breeders residing in PCA location and Non PCA (50 respondents each).The study reveals that the value of agglomeration profits of large scale economies (SEI), localization economies (LEI), capital and labor showed positive and significant effects on layer hen production at PCA location. To further increase commodity production in PCA, the agglomeration profits as a regional approach variables should be part of the PCA analysis to improve productivity, efficiency and provide added value for farmers/breeders.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Salinity by Using Wavelet Modeling

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Funda Dökmen ◽  
Zafer ASLAN
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Groundwater Irrigation ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The World ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Study Laboratory

Abstract Every year, due to the salinity resulting from improper irrigation practices, almost 10 billion ha of agricultural lands across the world cannot be used. Among the main elements (cations) for salinity in regions with dry or semi-dry climate are potassium (K+), sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca+2) and magnesium (Mg+’2). Using proper irrigation methods as well as ensuring the quality of irrigation water are of great importance in terms of the salinity of agricultural soils. In this study, laboratory analyses of ground water resources for salinity parameters were conducted in the province of Yalova (Taşköprü, Çiftlikköy, and Altınova regions). In the explanation of the analysis results, variations and effects based on the level of salinity were taken into account and the role of small, meso and large scale factors were determined through the use of the wavelet model. The study results would be of use in the estimation of salinity contents of soils with respect to groundwater irrigation in agricultural areas.

scholarly journals Which quality indicators reflect the most sensitive changes in the soil properties of the surface horizons affected by the erosion processes?

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 116-124
Author(s):  
Petra Bíla ◽  
Bořivoj Šarapatka ◽  
Ondřej Horňák ◽  
Jaroslava Novotná ◽  
Martin Brtnický
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Erosion Processes ◽  
Physical Chemical

Soil erosion, especially water erosion, is one of the most widespread types of soil degradation, not only worldwide, but also within the Czech Republic, where it endangers more than a half of the agricultural land. In addition to farming, the landscape structure has a significant impact on soil erosion in the conditions under study, where, especially in the post-war period, the collectivisation of large-scale arable land was accompanied by the abolition of the associated landscape elements. The agricultural production area of South Moravia is one of the most endangered areas in the Czech Republic, therefore, it was selected for our research, whose main objective was to verify the sensitivity of the selected physical, chemical and biochemical characteristics to identify the changes in the soil properties in the erosion processes at the identified erosion areas. The testing was carried out within a period of 5 years in 60 locations with Chernozems with cultivated corn. To assess the quality of the soil properties, indicators of soil quality from the physical, chemical and biological – biochemical groups were selected. The results of the analyses and the subsequent statistical evaluation showed that the chemical characteristics, especially those related to the quantity and quality of the organic matter, were the most sensitive to the changes in the soil properties. From the biochemical indicators, some enzymes, particularly dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase, reacted sensitively. The physical characteristics were not significantly affected by the erosion processes.

scholarly journals The consequences of expropriation of agricultural land and loss of livelihoods on those households who lost land in Da Nang, Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-38
Author(s):  
Nguyen Tran Tuan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Satisfaction Level ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Widespread Phenomenon ◽  
Negative Impacts

Abstract Acquisition of large-scale agricultural land for urbanization and industrialization is a widespread phenomenon in Vietnam. This acquisition has impacted those households whose land was expropriated in many ways, such as economic, cultural, and social aspects. In this research, the author surveyed 100 households who lost their land for Da Nang Hi-Tech Park project to collect data about the change in their livelihoods and the satisfaction level with their quality of life. This study aimed to answer three questions relating to employment, compensation expenses, and life. The results show that these householders still have many difficulties adapting to a new life after nearly ten years. The unemployment rate increases, but it depends on the gender and age of the worker. Compared with the five years ago, the households’ incomes also decreased by 190 USD/household. The misuse of compensation money paid for their has also had negative impacts on their livelihoods. Some other problems such as environmental pollution and social evils have put pressure on households who lost their land. Hence, most of these households want to return to their previous agricultural life.

scholarly journals Status and Perspectives Livestock Production: The Case Region Polimlje-Ibar

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 57-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Rajović ◽  
Jelisavka Bulatović
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Slow Recovery ◽  
Regional Markets ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Agricultural Areas

In production structure of agriculture in the region Polimlje-Ibar, livestock production has a very important role, because without a stable and developed livestock production has neither developed agriculture. Therefore, in this paper, shows the number of livestock by type and category. Unsatisfactory number of livestock in the region, is primarily the result of economic factors, such as reduced local and regional markets, low purchasing power, transition, privatization, lack of long-term strategies for animal husbandry development, technological and technical unwillingness processing facilities, primary production disorganization, poor farmers and processors association, insufficient and slow recovery racial composition of cattle. In structure of use agricultural areas in the region, stands out the predominantly pasture type of agricultural land with higher participation of meadows (P4L2). The structure use in livestock production has characterized by the direction with prevailing participation sheep farming and greater participation bovines (O4G2). Judging by the number and categories of livestock by type, production volume, as well as other indicators, livestock production in the region generally, serves to meet the needs of the household. A smaller part is intended market. In order that problems were solved in an appropriate manner, it is necessary to adopt appropriate strategies in livestock region Polimlje-Ibar, with the development of the proposed measures, which must be long term, because only in this way can stop the decline in the number of cattle to provide the increase livestock production and improve the quality of livestock products.

scholarly journals Structural transformation, agriculture and livestock in Vietnam (1970-2015)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
AISDL
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Active Population

Vietnam has exhibited rapid economic growth over thirty years of comprehensive economic reforms. However, about half of the country’s active population remains in agriculture. In order to characterize the role of agriculture and livestock in Vietnam’s structural transformation, we assess ongoing dynamics at three complementary scales: national, sectoral (agriculture and livestock) and local (district of Bavi). We show that the transition since Doi Moi (Renovation) has given rise to a political economy that provides incentives to industries and services. However, labor abundance (due to population density) and limited land availability (85% of agricultural land is composed of less than 1 ha farms) have slowed the canonical structural transformation, and widened income inequality between agriculture and non-agricultural workers. In this ‘Lewis trap’ context, intensive livestock (as it is the case for aquaculture and horticulture) has played a significant role in increasing labor and land productivity, offering some perspectives to secure smallholder agricultural systems. But the emergence of those very intensive systems producing a lot of effluents has in the same time jeopardized sustainable development of rural and peri-urban areas. More recently, the political shift towards industrial corporate agriculture and large-scale farming has increased this pressure on the environment, and endangered inclusive agricultural development. Today, smallholder farming and rural communities encounter many challenges to exploit resources efficiently and gain access to input markets to achieve higher productivity and value added. To avoid the risk of poverty trap and to pursue a sustainable and inclusive development over the long run, deeper and wider reforms are needed based on smallholder viability, agroecological principles, and crop-livestock integration.

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