scholarly journals Regulation of the model types of crowdfunding: China's experience and its applicability in Russia

2021 ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Marina Vyacheslavovna Chudinovskikh ◽  
Yuliya Viktorovna Kuvaeva
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
International Organization ◽  
State Control ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
The World ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
P2p Lending ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Investment Boom ◽  
Alternative Finance

This article is dedicated to assessment of the experience of regulation of crowdfunding market in China, as well as its applicability and adaptation in Russia. The key goal consists in conducting a comparative analysis of the approaches towards regulation of crowdfunding in China and Russia. The relevance is define by enactment of the law of August 2, 2019. N.259-FZ “On Attraction of Investments via Investment Platforms and On Introducing Amendments to Separate Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation”. The research is based on the international and Russian statistical data, conceptual reports of the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO), Cambridge Center for Alternative Finance, and the Bank of Russia. The conclusion is made that it is China that China holds the leading position in the world crowdfunding market. Most widespread in China is Peer-to-peer (P2P) lending via digital platforms. The absence of special regulation led to an investment boom that lasted until 2017, followed by the bankruptcy of a multiple platforms and projects. Strengthening of the state control entailed reduction in alternative financing. The authors formulate recommendations for improving the regulatory approaches towards crowdfunding. The use of RegTech and SupTech technologies is considered as promising direction.

scholarly journals PATENTING OF DEVELOPMENTS IN THE FIELD OF NEUROSURGERY: REALITY AND PROSPECTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-93
Author(s):  
T. N. Erivantseva
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
World Market ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Patent Activity ◽  
The World ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Patent Applications ◽  
Patent Documents

Implementation of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of May 7, 2018, No. 204 “On the national goals and strategic tasks of the development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024” assumes that Russia should move from 8th to 5th position in the world for the number of patent applications for inventions during 6 years. The paper analyzes the patent activity of inventors in the field of medicine on the example of spinal neurosurgery. Analysis of patent documents demonstrates that developments in the field of spinal neurosurgery have currently a high potential for commercialization throughout the world. However, domestic developers should pay due attention to the full scope of legal protection of their inventions to take a leading position in the world market.

Statistical Analysis of Real Income of the Population of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
I. Darymov ◽  
Aleksandr Kalyanov
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Real Income ◽  
Federal State ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Difficult Times

The article raises such an acute problem as the disproportionate change in population growth with rising inflation. The relevance of this problem cannot raise any questions. Sometimes people ask the question: “Why is there not enough money for food, although, relatively speaking, it was enough before?” The economy of our country is going through difficult times. The fall in world oil prices has an impact on the Russian ruble, which is especially important in connection with the latest developments in the world. These and other questions are devoted to issues related to the growth of the population of the Russian Federation, and the opportunity to buy them. The research base is the website of the Federal State Statistics Service, which should use personal observations and knowledge. In preparing the articles, methods of correlation analysis using group statistical data were applied and the regression model was built on their basis. The authors proposed ideas for solving global problems in the entire economic system of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Use of renewable energy and tax burden on CO2 emissions in industrial enterprises

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 02102
Author(s):  
Igor Ilin ◽  
Viktor Vasilenok ◽  
Roman Marchenko
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Tax Burden ◽  
State Control ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation

The paper demonstrates the results of studies assessing the specific share of renewable energy facilities in the energy balance of the Russian Federation, analyzes investment in renewable energy throughout the world, as well as in the mining industry. In addition, there is a developed scheme with options for changes in the system of state control in the field of CO2 emissions: 3 options for implementing a system of tax burden on CO2 emissions for industrial enterprises are described.

scholarly journals The prevalence of adolescent obesity in the world and the Russian Federation in 2012–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-372
Author(s):  
Oksana B. Karpova ◽  
Vladimir O. Shchepin ◽  
Anna A. Zagoruychenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Adolescent Obesity ◽  
Severe Problem ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The World ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Determining Factor ◽  
Rank Distributions

Introduction. The spread of obesity in the world is currently a severe problem. WHO considered it possible to view obesity a “non-communicable epidemic of the XXI century.” Obesity in the adolescent generation is a determining factor in the development of diseases in adulthood. The paper analyzes the prevalence of adolescent obesity in the Russian Federation as a whole and the regions of the Federation and various countries of the world. The purpose of this study is to analyze the prevalence of obesity in adolescents and assess the dynamics of the spread of this disease in Russia and the world, as well as factors affecting it and issues of prevention of this pathology. Methods. The authors used analytical and statistical methods and performed the study and generalization of experience and comparative analysis. This study was retrospective and was conducted using statistical data from the Rosstat database and who databases. Histograms were used to illustrate rank distributions and dynamics of indicators. Calculated growth coefficients and chain and basic growth rates were used as statistical indices of disease dynamics. Results. The paper deals with the dynamics of adolescent obesity in the world and the Russian Federation. The authors analyze the factors that affect obesity and issues of prevention of this pathology and determine the need to take urgent preventive measures to reduce the incidence of obesity. Conclusion. The spread of obesity globally, which is already close to an epidemic, is a severe problem. Obesity in adolescents is the leading risk factor for developing obesity in adulthood. In this way, the state can create conditions that will help contain and possibly reduce the increase in the incidence of adolescent obesity.

Problems of Law Enforcement Practice of Antimonopoly Regulation in Digital Markets as an Indicator of the Need for Legislative Reform on the Competition Protection [

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Bychkov ◽  
◽  
D.V. Shram ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Network Effects ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Information Protection ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
The Russian Federation

Based on the analysis of law enforcement practice in the field of antimonopoly regulation in digital markets, the authors justify the necessity of reforming the current legislation on the competition protection, and provide statistical data on the scale of the introduction of digital technologies. It is pointed out that the prevailing forms of competition in the global digital market are either an oligopoly or a duopoly. The article provides an overview of the practice of applying the current Russian competition law in relation to IT companies (Yandex N. V., Apple Inc., Google LLC). The article analyzes the shortcomings of the Draft Federal Law «On Amendments to the Federal Law «On Protection of Competition» («the Fifth Antimonopoly Package of Amendments»), prepared by the Federal Antimonopoly Service of the Russian Federation in 2018, and propose the ways to eliminate the shortcomings of some projected standards. The author points out the need to link the concept «digital platform» with the term «information system», designated in the Law of the Russian Federation «On Information, Information Technologies and Information Protection», and to take as a basis the definition enshrined in the French Law on the Digital Republic of 2016. According to the authors` opinion, the concept «network effects» can appear in the legislation only after they are supported by the results of experimentally tested methods for calculating network effects. It is proposed to legally «link» network effects with the use of big data that restricts competition. The results of successive attempts of the FAS (Federal antimonopoly Service) of Russia to limit or cancel «intellectual immunities» are considered, and the correctness of introducing a rule on the removal of such immunities in certain cases is justified. The cases of unfair competition of digital platforms associated with the manipulation of search results algorithms (including the use of interactive enriched responses) are investigated. The article describes the risks of digital ecosystems, the development of which may exacerbate the issues of dominance, in particular, due to the monopolization of data. It is concluded that the FAS legislative initiatives of the sample of 2018 need to be carefully revised in the context of the new realities of the development of IT markets.

scholarly journals Threats to the Digital Markets Development Basing on Analysis of the «Yandex.Taxi» Aggregator

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-118
Author(s):  
Aleksey A. Chesnokov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Unfair Competition ◽  
State Control ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Labor Legislation ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis

The article is devoted to identifying and in-depth analysis of those threats, that arise when implementing aggregating digital platforms. The objectives of the research are to consistently consider the following problems of modern digital platforms: price discrimination, dissatisfaction on the part of performers, violation of the spirit of labor legislation, unfair competition, violation of the principle of distribution of risks and profits, the danger of competition of digital platforms. Research methods: analysis and synthesis of information from domestic and foreign sources, statistical analysis, historical analysis. The study identified and analyzed six types of threats that come from digital platforms. On the example of “Yandex. Taxi” aggregator and examples from international practice it is shown that all these threats take place all over the world, including Russia. It is also shown that these threats and their growing influence are directly related to the growing influence of digital platforms, which are strengthening their positions in relation to citizens, organizations and government. The following generalizing conclusions were made: digital platforms have ample opportunities to conduct unfair competition, violation of labor, antimonopoly and other legislation; individual cases of local violations or unfair actions add up to a single model of the development of threats around the world; in the global digital wars of corporations, the losers are citizens and states. To reduce risks and reach a long-term stabilization of digitalization threats, it is necessary to develop and implement significant methods of public and state control in the field of high technologies; first of all - to reform the labor and related legislation so that it takes into account the realities of the modern development of information technologies. It is shown that domestic legislation is still seriously lagging behind modern trends in the socio-economic structure. The research results are applicable to modern Russian jurisprudence, economics and sociology, where they relate to the issues of the digital economy and the activities of digital platform.

scholarly journals Progress and Problems of Practical Cardiology in Russia at the Present Stage

Kardiologiia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Boytsov ◽  
A. E. Demkina ◽  
E. V. Oshchepkova ◽  
Yu. A. Dolgusheva
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Delivery Of Medical Care ◽  
Health Organization

Mortality of the population due to diseases of the cardiovascular system is the most acute problem in Russia. According to the World Health Organization, the standardized death rate from cardiovascular diseases in the Russian Federation remains one of the highest in Europe. This review presents statistical data on morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases in the Russian Federation and analyzes the delivery of medical care to patients with these diseases in 2017. Information about activity of primary vascular departments and regional vascular centers is given. The article suggests a set of measures aimed at improvement of the provision of medical care to patients with cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals THE SCALES OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IMPLEMENTATION IN THE MODERN RUSSIAN ECONOMY

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
A. F. Vladimirova ◽  
I. B. Rodina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Mandatory Requirement ◽  
The World ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
The Russian Federation

The features and problems of using information technologies in the national economy of the Russian Federation have been analysed. It has been proved that the aforementioned technologies, acting as an urgent need and a mandatory requirement of modern state regulation of national business in the digital age, include various types of breakthrough technologies in the Russian economy, its production and social spheres, increasing their competitiveness, contributing to strengthening the country’s position in the world community in the long term. It is proved that these technologies are a chance for the national economy of Russia to take a leading position in the world ranking in the conditions of the country’s membership in the World Trade Organization. The purpose of the article is to explain the author’s position regarding the increase of the efficiency of the national economy of the Russian Federation as the result of the implementation of digital technologies in the business model of domestic enterprises.

scholarly journals Human capital of the region as a factor of growth of its efficiency (on the example of Yaroslavl region)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 632-642
Author(s):  
M. A. Snurnitsyna
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Special Role ◽  
The World ◽  
Important Direction ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Scientific Ideas

Purpose: the main purpose of this article is to study human capital as a factor of its efficiency growth. To achieve this goal in the article it is necessary to solve the following tasks: to study the theory of human capital; to study the world and domestic practice of the effectiveness of the territories (subjects of the Russian Federation); analyze human capital and efficiency of the Yaroslavl region.Methods: this article is based on the analysis of statistical data on human capital in the regions of the Russian Federation, the analysis of statistical data on human capital in the countries of the world and the method of benchmarking (comparison of data on the effectiveness of the countries of the world and the human capital of the regions).Results: the most important direction of development of the regional economy is the development of human capital, knowledge management and digital economy. The success of solving these problems is possible when synchronizing at the micro, meso- and macro-levels. Macro- and meso-level strategy sets the vector of micro-level development, in turn, the micro-level is an indicator of the strategy implementation.Conclusions and Relevance: the materials presented in the article show the special role of human capital in the competitiveness of the territory. The research carried out in this article is the development of scientific ideas about modern methods of assessing the effectiveness of territories (subjects of the Russian Federation) in terms of human capital. The practical application of the results of the article will allow to assess the human capital of the regions, to compare the human capital of effective regions and outsiders, to identify weak and strong areas of the territory through which it is possible to influence the efficiency of the region.

scholarly journals Corruption in the sphere of public procurement in terms of providing healthcare in the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-79
Author(s):  
Stella Feshina ◽  
Liubov Orlova ◽  
Olga Tsvetkova
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Basic Concepts

The article presents an urgent problem that affects many countries around the world. The paper disclose the basic concepts of corruption, examines the facts and consequences of committing corruption-related crimes in the field of public procurement in terms of providing health care in the Russian Federation. At the same time, statistical data of studies on the study of proposals of the public procurement market in Russia, as well as ways of improving the system of combating and preventing corruption in Russia are presented. On the basis of the analysis, the importance of control over the sphere of public procurement in terms of providing health care in the Russian Federation is explained.

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