Assessment of the impact of factors upon tourism revenue in Jordan

This article examines Jordan’s tourism revenue over the recent years. Tourism is a substantial source of national revenue and significantly contributes to the flow of foreign currency for the development of national economy. The economic theory claims that tourism revenue is affected by a wide range of factors. The article explores the impact of consumer price index and number of tourists upon Jordan’s tourism revenue. In the course of this study, the author used the statistical data of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund; applied Autoregressive Distributed Lag model (ARDL); and conducted necessary diagnostic tests in Eviews 9 software. The research demonstrated that high internal inflation ratios reduce the external demand for tourism services in Jordan, and thus significantly decrease the tourism revenue. Over a long-term, the author determines a negative influence of consumer price index upon tourism revenue in Jordan and the expected positive influence of the number of tourists thereof.  

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Using distributed lag models to predict regional budget revenues

Economic Analysis Theory and Practice ◽

10.24891/ea.19.6.1154 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (6) ◽

pp. 1154-1172

Author(s):

Yu.V. Granitsa

Keyword(s):

Unemployment Rate ◽

Consumer Price Index ◽

Mathematical Methods ◽

Distributed Lag ◽

Key Indicator ◽

Distributed Lag Models ◽

Regional Budget ◽

The Impact ◽

Financial Result

Subject. The article addresses projections of regional budget revenues, using distributed lag models. Objectives. The purpose is to review economic and statistical tools that are suitable for the analysis of relationship between the revenues of the regional budget system and regional macroeconomic predictors. Methods. The study draws on statistical, constructive, economic and mathematical methods of analysis. Results. In models with quantitative variables obtained under the Almon method, the significant predictors in the forecasting of regional budget revenues are determined mainly by the balanced financial result, the consumer price index, which characterizes inflation processes in the region, and the unemployment rate being the key indicator of the labor market. Models with quantitative variables obtained through the Koyck transformation are characterized by a wider range of predictors, the composition of which is determined by the peculiarities of economic situation in regions. The two-year forecast provides the average lag obtained during the evaluation of the models. The exception is the impact of unemployment rate, which is characterized as long-term. Conclusions. To generate forecasts of budget parameters, the results of both the Koyck method and the Almon method should be considered, though the former is more promising.

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Mobile Money Use: The Impact of Macroeconomic Policy and Regulation

Economies ◽

10.3390/economies9020051 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 51

Author(s):

Lorna Katusiime

Keyword(s):

Exchange Rate ◽

Interest Rates ◽

Financial Innovation ◽

Macroeconomic Policy ◽

Mobile Money ◽

Distributed Lag ◽

Distributed Lag Model ◽

Long Run ◽

Short Run ◽

The Impact

This paper examines the effects of macroeconomic policy and regulatory environment on mobile money usage. Specifically, we develop an autoregressive distributed lag model to investigate the effect of key macroeconomic variables and mobile money tax on mobile money usage in Uganda. Using monthly data spanning the period March 2009 to September 2020, we find that in the short run, mobile money usage is positively affected by inflation while financial innovation, exchange rate, interest rates and mobile money tax negatively affect mobile money usage in Uganda. In the long run, mobile money usage is positively affected by economic activity, inflation and the COVID-19 pandemic crisis while mobile money customer balances, interest rate, exchange rate, financial innovation and mobile money tax negatively affect mobile money usage.

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ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ECONOMIC GROWTH, INFLATION AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN TURKEY WITH THE ARDL BOUNDS TESTING APPROACH

IEDSR Association ◽

10.46872/pj.367 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (15) ◽

pp. 299-312

Author(s):

Özlem KARADAĞ AK

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Industrial Production ◽

Consumer Price Index ◽

Bounds Testing ◽

Short Term ◽

Production Index ◽

Distributed Lag ◽

Distributed Lag Model ◽

Industrial Production Index ◽

Cointegration Relationship

The aim of this study is to examine the effects of economic growth and inflation on unemployment for the period 2005:1- 2020:9 in Turkey by using ARDL (Auto Regressive Distributed Lag) model. In the study, firstly unit root tests were carried out to determine whether economic growth (ind) and inflation (cpi) have long and short-term effects on unemployment (unemp). Then, the ARDL method was used to determine whether there is a long-term relationship between the series in the model where the unemployment rate is the dependent variable, the Industrial Production Index representing economic growth and the Consumer Price Index (CPI) representing inflation. Instead of GDP, the Industrial Production Index was preferred both to harmonize with the monthly data and to make a production-based analysis. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that there was a statistically significant cointegration relationship between the variables, and the short-term relationship was analyzed with the error correction model (ECM). As a result of the analysis, it has been determined that there is a cointegration relationship between unemployment, inflation rate and economic growth in Turkey. According to the results of the analysis, negative between unemployment and industrial production index; It is seen that there is a positive relationship between unemployment and inflation.

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TO EXAMINE LEADER-MEMBER EXCHANGE AS MODERATING VARIABLE ON THE INFLUENCE OF EMPLOYEE PSYCHOLOGICAL UNCERTAINTY TOWARD EMPLOYEES’ JOB SATISFACTION AND TURNOVER INTENTION

Journal of Leadership in Organizations ◽

10.22146/jlo.43770 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Zakiy

Keyword(s):

Job Satisfaction ◽

Organizational Change ◽

Turnover Intention ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Positive Influence ◽

Leader Member Exchange ◽

Member Exchange ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Impact

The studies revealed that organizational change could create employee’s psychological uncertainty. However, this study argues that the quality of leader-member exchange enables to control the impact of the psychological uncertainty during the change toward employee’s attitude. This study represents job satisfaction and turnover intention as proxy of employee’s attitude for that matter. Based on social exchange theory, quality relationship of leader and employees affects on the relationship of psychological uncertainty and employee’s job satisfaction and turnover intention. This study selected private hospitals experiencing the changes of operational system for complying with national health security system. This study conducted cross-section survey for individual level-analysis. This study produces some findings. Firstly, the LMX has been failed to reduce the negative influence of psychological uncertainty towards employee’s job satisfaction, although the quality of the LMX was good. employee’s job satisfaction is more perceived as personal afective state experienced during the organizational change. Secondly, the LMX has been successfully moderated the positive influence of the psychological uncertainty towards employee’s turnover intention.The data were collected by using questioners, distributed to the employees who worked in hospitals in Yogyakarta Province. There were 193 questioners that could be collected and analyzed by using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) to test the hypothesis by using SPSS application version 21. The result of the study shows that psychological uncertainty had negative correlation to employee’s job satisfaction and positive influence to psychological uncertainty toward turnover intention. Besides, LMX was proven to moderate positive influence of psychological uncertainty toward turnover intention, but it could not moderate negative influence of psychological uncertainty toward job satisfaction.

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The impact of education tax and investment in human capital on economic growth in Nigeria

10.26772/cijds-2020-03-02-05 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 77-86

Author(s):

Abubakar Aminu ◽

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Human Capital ◽

Tertiary Education ◽

Distributed Lag ◽

Distributed Lag Model ◽

Long Run ◽

Lag Model ◽

The Government ◽

Capital Development ◽

The Impact

This paper investigated the impact of education tax and investment in human capital on economic growth in Nigeria utilizing the Non-Linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model of cointegration covering the period of 25 years from 1995 to 2019. The findings reveal that education tax and investment in human capital have positive and significant effect on the growth of the Nigerian economy over the sampled period. The paper recommends that in order to boost the economy, Nigeria would need to, among other policy frameworks, provide a suitable environment for ensuring macro-economic stability through effective utilization of income from education tax that will encourage increased investment in human capital in the public sector. In addition to income from education tax, for effective and speedy economic growth and development in Nigeria, the government, beneficiaries (students/parents), employers of labor and other stakeholders in the society should share the responsibility for financing primary, secondary and tertiary education, so as to provide a solid foundation for human capital development. However, as revealed in this paper, the contribution of education tax and investment in human capital is most likely to be realized over a long-run period than in the short term. Keywords: Education Tax; Investment; Human capital; Economic growth

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The Impact of Housing Density on Site Development Costs

Journal of the Northeastern Agricultural Economics Council ◽

10.1017/s0163548400001837 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 263-274

Author(s):

Leslie E. Small ◽

Donn A. Derr

Keyword(s):

Price Index ◽

Consumer Price Index ◽

Housing Density ◽

Middle Income ◽

The Past ◽

Site Development ◽

Income Groups ◽

Development Costs ◽

The Cost ◽

The Impact

During the past decade, the cost of constructing new homes has risen dramatically. While the overall consumer price index rose by 74 percent between 1967 and the end of 1976, the cost of constructing new housing rose by about 103 percent nationally. This trend in costs has priced a growing proportion of lower and middle income groups out of the market for new houses. The national average price for new housing is currently $52,000 per unit. This has led to expressions of public concern that efforts need to be undertaken to find ways by which these low and middle income groups can obtain access to new housing.

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The Impact of Quality Stabilization

Journal of Marketing Research ◽

10.1177/002224376500200307 ◽

1965 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 274-282

Author(s):

Jerome C. Darnell

Keyword(s):

Fair Trade ◽

Price Index ◽

Consumer Price Index ◽

Fair Trading ◽

Trade Law ◽

Legislative Proposals ◽

The Impact

Several legislative proposals for a national fair-trade law or “quality stabilization” have been introduced in Congress. This article estimates the impact of quality stabilization on the Consumer Price Index. Depending on the extent to which fair trading currently prevails, quality stabilization would increase the CPI by one to ten percent.

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Breast-Feeding Decline despite Deteriorating Socio-Economic Conditions

Food and Nutrition Bulletin ◽

10.1177/156482659401500301 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 1-3

Author(s):

Bendley Melville

Keyword(s):

Breast Feeding ◽

Price Index ◽

Consumer Price Index ◽

Economic Hardship ◽

Artificial Feeding ◽

Economic Conditions ◽

Feeding Duration ◽

Food And Drink ◽

The Cost ◽

The Impact

The impact of deteriorating socio-economic conditions on breast-feeding duration in Jamaica is examined In spite of dramatic increases in the consumer price index for food and drink and consequently in the cost of artificial feeding, breast-feeding duration declined by 10.6% during 19871991. This was apparently due to a reduction in postpartum visits by district midwives. It is concluded that breast-feeding promotion should receive increased support under conditions of severe economic hardship.

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