scholarly journals “Wiedergeburt” Society of Russian Germans in the Republic of Khakassia in the 1990s–2010s

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
Sofiia Vorobeva
Keyword(s):  
Nonprofit Organization ◽  
National Level ◽  
Functional Method ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Activity Preservation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Regional Branch ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Russian Germans

This article examines the “Wiedergeburt” Society of Russian Germans in the Republic of Khakassia over the period from 1990s to 2010s relying on the archival sources. The object of this research is the “Wiedergeburt” Society of Russian Germans in the 1990s–2010s. The subject is the “Rebirth” Society of Russian Germans in the Republic of Khakassia. The goal of the publication consists in analysis of the history of establishment and development of “Wiedergeburt” Society in the Republic of Khakassia. The author aims to trace the history of creation of “Wiedergeburt” Society in the Russian Federation, namely in the Republic of Khakassia; as well as analyze the role of “Rebirth” Society in Germany-Russia relations. The article employs historical-comparative, chronological, and retrospective methods. The scientific novelty lies in the comparative analysis of the processes of creation and development of “Wiedergeburt” Society on the national level and on the level of the Republic of Khakassia; summary and systematization of  the related material using the historical-comparative and system-functional method for examination of the tasks faced by “Rebirth” Society in the Republic of Khakassia; examination of the regional branch of “Wiedergeburt” Society in Abakan within the system of nonprofit organization of Russian Germans; use of archival sources. The conclusion is made that “Wiedergeburt” Society in the Republic of Khakassia is part of the system of nonprofit organization of Russian Germans, and the regional branch of “Rebirth” Society in Abakan slightly differed from the central All-Union Society of Russian Germans “Wiedergeburt”. In pursuit of its goals, the organization was focused on the cultural-educational activity, preservation of culture and traditions, and development of the German language.

scholarly journals Anthroponimic geographical names of the Republic of Mari El of Tatar origin: toponymic zones

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-285
Author(s):  
Flera Ya. Khabibullina ◽  
Iraida G. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
The Body ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Material Wealth ◽  
Financial Status ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Historical Comparative

Introduction. The article considers anthroponymous toponyms of Tatar origin in the Republic of Mari El in reference to the genesis and history of movement and contact of the peoples of the Middle Volga region. The purpose of the article is to study the Tatar-Mari toponymic zoning based on the otantroponym oikonyms, which go back to the Tatar language. Materials and Methods. The analysis of toponymic material is associated with the use of various approaches: comparative-historical, comparative, as well as such research methods: the method of component analysis of toponymic units; areal, descriptive, structural, etymological, statistical, cartographic. The body of the research is represented by otanthroponymic oikonyms, selected from cartographic and lexicographic sources created in the Russian, Mari and Tatar languages, in the number of 129 units. Results and Discussion. The Tatar-Mari interactions on the territory of the Republic of Mari-El are concentrated in two main zones: the Tatar-mountain-Mari toponymic zone and the Tatar-meadow-Mari zone. The article defines the basic principles of the nomination of anthroponymous toponyms, provides a classification of toponyms by objects of the toponymic nomination in each of the topozones, and also highlights parallel names. The analysis also makes it possible to trace the patterns of placement of toponymic objects on the territory of the the Republic of Mari-El. Analysis of the identified borrowings from the Tatar language makes it possible to clarify their territorial localization in the territory of Mari El. Oikonyms formed on the basis of Tatar personal names are most common in areas of compact residence of Tatars, as well as in border areas with the Republic of Tatarstan, due to trade and economic, historical and political, administrative, territorial, and geographical factors. The main principle underlying the Mari otantroponym oikonyms was their nomination based on the relationship with a person: their social status; class affiliation; profession; social interactions; place and role in the family hierarchy; human character; appearance; clothing; qualities of a person; their financial status; etc. Conclusion. The names of Mari anthroponymous topoobjects of Tatar origin were implemented in importing Tatar values that are significant for the Mari ethnic group and go back to Tatar names: material wealth, high social status, respect for parents and elders, health and strength of body, friendship, kindness, firmness and strength of character, cleanliness and neatness in clothing.

scholarly journals Revitalisation of agriculture of the Republic of Serbia as a factor of economic development

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
Mihailo Ćurčić ◽  
Stefan Slovak ◽  
Stevan Mitrović
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
National Level ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Historical Comparative

Today, in the era of industrial expansion of developing countries, the Republic of Serbia strives to maintain the required level of progress and join the European Union. On this path of transition, it is necessary to use the comparative advantages in relation to the countries of the region, but also the EU member states. Analysing the available data, it can be established that an important comparative advantage of Serbia lies in the agricultural sector. The aim of this paper is to point out the mentioned comparative advantages, primarily by using the historical-comparative method, and to provide a basis for further decision-making to economic policy makers at the regional and national level. The concept of agricultural and economic policy should be based on the complete revival of agriculture, its revitalization, financial consolidation, innovation and affirmation of the intensification of the production framework.

scholarly journals LAICISM IN THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY IN THE 1920-1930S

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 692-695
Author(s):  
Rustam Izmaylov ◽  
Albina Imamutdinova ◽  
Marina Mefodeva
Keyword(s):  
Previous History ◽  
Turkish Republic ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
The Given ◽  
Republic Of Turkey ◽  
Kemal Ataturk ◽  
Historical System

Purpose: The article deals with the Kemalists' policy of secularization and the inclusion of the laicism principle in the ideological doctrine of the Turkish Republic in the 1920-30s. Methodology: Historical-genetic, historical-comparative and historical-system methods of research were underlain the given study. Result: Under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk great radical transformations in all spheres of life of the former Ottoman Empire began, namely the state system, the reform of the school and its separation from religion. All these transformations summed up the previous history of Turkey as a dependent, semi-colonial feudal state, clearing the way to modernization and renewal of all aspects of life. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Laicism in the Republic of Turkey in the 1920-1930s is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.

scholarly journals Борьба с эпидемиями в Казахстане в первой трети ХХ в.

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-684
Author(s):  
Gulzhaukhar K.  Kokebayeva ◽  
◽  
Sabit K. Shildebai ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Central State ◽  
Genetic Method ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Historical Comparative

Introduction. Dangerous infectious diseases have always been part of human history. The pandemic associated with the spread of COVID-19 underscores the importance of studying experience of dealing with global epidemics. Research goals and objectives. This article attempts to analyze the problem of spread of infectious diseases in Kazakhstan and the history of dealing with epidemics. The history of combating epidemics in Soviet Kazakhstan covers a large spatial and temporal scale, so the chronological framework of the study is limited to the period up to the early 1930s. Materials and methods. Documents of the Central State Archive of Scientific and Technical Documentation of the Republic of Kazakhstan and published reports of the state institutions were used as the research sources. The narrative method selected as appropriate in approaching the issues of “real life” helped reconstruct the conditions that prompted the emergence and spread of epidemics in Kazakhstan, as well as examine the ways employed to combat them. The historical-genetic method was instrumental in shedding light on the essence and dynamics of the epidemic situation in Kazakhstan during the period in question, while the historical-comparative method was helpful in identifying the positive dynamics of the fight against infectious diseases in Soviet Kazakhstan. Results. The research was focused on the epidemic situations in Kazakhstan in the pre-revolutionary and Soviet periods. This involved a study of the formation and development of the system of anti-epidemic protection in the Soviet period, as well as of the main methods of combating infectious diseases employed by Soviet and republican government agencies. Conclusion. The research shows the effectiveness of vaccination, medical and sanitary education of the population involved, as well as of other additional measures in eradicating particularly dangerous infectious diseases.

Republican Groups, Ideas, and Identities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Rossol
Keyword(s):  
Weimar Republic ◽  
National Level ◽  
The Political ◽  
Success Story ◽  
Political Landscape ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Political Agents

By redirecting our attention away from the political extremes and to those who passionately supported and defended the republic, this chapter demonstrates that the republicans were an important factor within Germany’s political landscape. As energetic supporters for Weimar’s young state, they showed their commitment publicly at local and national level and actively mobilized support. The chapter examines the different republican groups and alliances, what they expected of the republic and how ambivalences and differences emerged within the republican camp. A focus on Weimar’s republicans as significant political agents does not rewrite the history of Weimar Republic as a success story, but it adds an important dimension to the history of Germany’s first republican democracy.

scholarly journals CULTURAL AND EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY OF M. O. KORF IN THE LIGHT OF DEVELOPMENT OF MONITORING OF QUALITY OF EDUCATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Юлія ВАСЕЙКО ◽  
◽  
Лілія ЯРОЩУК ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Progressive Education ◽  
American Association ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Modern Theory ◽  
Education Association ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Comparative

ABSTRACT The aim of the research is to discover the pedagogical and cultural ideas of baron М. О. Korf and their impact on the modern monitoring of quality of education. The pedagogical ideas of baron М. О. Korf refering to the problem of monitoring of quality of education are exposed in the article. In fact he was the first person in Ukraine and Russia who started verification of knowledge of peasants and students. The research methodology is based on the principles of historicism, system-formation, scientific character, verification, the author’s objectivity, moderated narrative constructivism, and the use of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, generalization) and specially pedagogical (empiric, historical comparative) methods. The scientific novelty of the article consists in the fact that for the first time in history of pedagogics it was found out on the basis of works of Mykola Korf and publications of researchers of his inheritance that a teacher tested the knowledge of peasants and students of elementary school and then made a report. A question for conversation was divided into two categories: those which analytically name an object and offer child to define the sign and the ones that enumerate signs synthetically, not naming an object, and offer to thinking of child to recreate an object according to its signs. Nowadays there is the idea that the founder of the world monitoring of quality of education is the American association of Progressive Education Association in the of United States. However, we prove that Mykola Korf measured the quality of knowledge of students, conducted monitoring of quality of knowledge, considerably before associations. Conclusions the results of research allow to assert that the pedagogical ideas of baron M. O. Korf can be considered as basic developments of modern theory and practices of monitoring of quality of education because he organized the research before American association of Progressive Education Association in the of United States. Key words: monitoring, knowledge, methodology, conversation, pedagogical ideas.

Strategies for Survival of the World — Risk Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovo Lojanica ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
National Level ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Management Standards ◽  
Family Level ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Iso 31000 ◽  
History Of ◽  
Personal Level

All management standards have requirements for different aspects of improvements on the personal level, family level, company level, in business and life. What is about national level and country level? Is it possible for today’s generations to learn history of nations and of civilizations? If it is — ok, let’s apply it on actual time and people to have less problems and difficulties — especially if is actual in field of risk management. Majority of people are occupied by today’s problems. They don’t consider past and future challenges. People from each country strive for better quality, better and cleaner environment, higher safety etc. historically and today. But could we remember: How did Genghis Khan conquer many regions and how was he defeated? How did Mayas and Aztecs die out? How were Native Americans in North America drastically reduced in numbers? How did the Roman Imperium vanish? How was the Ottoman Imperium established and how it vanished? How many people were killed in the wars in XX century, etc? In all these catastrophic changes risks were not considered in an adequate way. Requirements of risk management — Principles and guidelines — ISO 31000:2009 are very consultative. They could be used on country level, national level, regional level, continental and intercontinental level.

BRIDGE BUILDING AS A PROBLEM OF URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT IN THE EUROPEAN NORTH OF RUSSIA IN THE EARLY XX CENTURY

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-135
Author(s):  
Tatiana S. Minaeva ◽  
Sergey S. Gulyaev
Keyword(s):  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Local Administration ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
European North ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Floating Bridge ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
Bridge Building ◽  
Xix Century

Introduction. The organization of transport links and the bridge building in cities located on the banks of wide rivers has always been one of the most important tasks of the local administration. The study of the history of bridge building allows not only to trace the process of modernization of different regions of the country, but also to help in solving similar problems of our time. Nevertheless, the history of Russian bridge building is poorly studied. The purpose of the article is to determine the characteristics and features of the organization of bridge building in big cities of the European North of Russia as a way to solve one of the problems of urban infrastructure in the early XX century. Materials and Methods. The sources for this study are the documents of the State archive of the Arkhangelsk region, published documents on the history of Vologda, articles in the local periodicals of the early XX century. The analysis of the studied problem used a systematic approach, the method of economic analysis, historical and historical-comparative methods. Results and Discussion. The building of permanent bridges was a need for the development of Arkhangelsk and Vologda. In Vologda the two wooden bridges were built in the middle of XIX century on city funds and in the future these bridges were repaired or rebuilt. The Arkhangelsk city authorities did not hurry to solve a problem of city infrastructure by own efforts and a long time they used the floating bridge. The lack of experience in the building of large bridges and the desire to save money led to the rapid destruction of the first permanent bridge in Arkhangelsk. Conclusion. The Development of trade and industry in cities of the European North of Russia, such as Arkhangelsk and Vologda, led to the expansion of their territory and the emergence over time, the so-called third parts of the cities. Despite the comparable size of the population of the districts located across the river, the process of connecting them with bridges to the rest of the city went at different rates, which depended on the attitude of the local administration to the problem of urban infrastructure.

Mau-Mau Rebels’ Doctor in Mount Kenya East Forest (1952–1960): Retrieving the Revolutionary History of Milton Munene Gachau

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius M. Gathogo
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Medical Doctor ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Revolutionary Movement ◽  
Armed Struggle ◽  
War Of Independence ◽  
Mau Mau ◽  
History Of ◽  
Revolutionary History ◽  
Second World

The Kenya Land and Freedom Army (KLFA), otherwise known as Mau-Mau revolutionary movement was formed after returnees of the Second World War (1939–1945) ignited the African populace to militarily fight for land and freedom (wiyathi nai thaka). John Walton’s theory of reluctant rebels informs this article theoretically, as it is indeed the political elites who inspired this armed struggle. To do this, they held several meetings in the capital city of Nairobi, drew the war structures from the national level to the sub-location level, especially in the central region of Kenya, and tasked locals with filling in the leadership vacuums that were created. In view of this, the article seeks to unveil the revolutionary history of the Mau-Mau medical Doctor, also known as Major Judge Munene Gachau (born in 1935), whose contribution in the Kenyan war of independence (1952–1960) remains unique. This uniqueness can be attested to by considering various factors. First, he is one of the few surviving leaders who joined the guerrilla forest war while he was relatively young. Normally, the Mau-Mau War Council did not encourage people below the age of 25 to join the rebels in the forest of Mt. Kenya, Aberdare Mountains and/or other places. Nor did they encourage adults past the age of 35 to join as combatants in the forest fight. Second, he is the only known Mau-Mau rebel in Kirinyaga county of Kenya to have gone back to school after the war had ended, traveled abroad, and studied up to a Masters degree level. Third, Munene Gachau belongs in the category that joined the rebels while still relatively educated and eventually got promoted to the rank of Major, upon being confirmed as the Mau-Mau Doctor.

The Legal Status of Local Government in South Africa under the New Constitutional Dispensation

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mbuzeni Mathenjwa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First Time

The history of local government in South Africa dates back to a time during the formation of the Union of South Africa in 1910. With regard to the status of local government, the Union of South Africa Act placed local government under the jurisdiction of the provinces. The status of local government was not changed by the formation of the Republic of South Africa in 1961 because local government was placed under the further jurisdiction of the provinces. Local government was enshrined in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa arguably for the first time in 1993. Under the interim Constitution local government was rendered autonomous and empowered to regulate its affairs. Local government was further enshrined in the final Constitution of 1996, which commenced on 4 February 1997. The Constitution refers to local government together with the national and provincial governments as spheres of government which are distinctive, interdependent and interrelated. This article discusses the autonomy of local government under the 1996 Constitution. This it does by analysing case law on the evolution of the status of local government. The discussion on the powers and functions of local government explains the scheme by which government powers are allocated, where the 1996 Constitution distributes powers to the different spheres of government. Finally, a conclusion is drawn on the legal status of local government within the new constitutional dispensation.

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