Interpreting and Rendering of Qur’anic Verses in Conformity with Convention and Tradition

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
MAE (Ashraf) Dockrat
Keyword(s):  
Reciprocal Relationship

In this article, the role of convention and tradition in the interpretation and rendering of Qur’anic verses are discussed. An overview is given of the reciprocal relationship between Muslim theology and that which is usually referred to as the “Sciences of the Qur’an”. Selected examples of the rendering of specific Qur’anic verses are  analysed, illustrating the influence (or presumed influence) of classical interpretative sources and convention on the translation of the meanings of the Qur’an.

Healing Touch: Clothed Images of the Virgin in Early Modern Portugal

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-78
Author(s):  
Diana Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Religious Art ◽  
Healing Touch ◽  
Devotional Art ◽  
Healing Power ◽  
The Many ◽  
Santa Maria

Over the last decades there was a growing interest in religious materiality, miraculous images, votive practices, and how the faithful engaged with devotional art, as well as a renewed impetus to discuss the long-recognized association between sculpture and touch, after the predominance of the visuality approach. Additionally, the neglected phenomenon of clothing statues has also been increasingly explored. Based on the reading of Santuario Mariano (1707–1723), written by Friar Agostinho de Santa Maria (1642–1728), this paper will closely examine those topics. Besides producing a monumental catalogue of Marian shrines and pilgrimage sites, this source offers a unique insight into the religious experience and the reciprocal relationship between image and devotee in Early Modern Portugal, and is a particularly rich source when describing the believers’ pursuit of physical contact with sculptures. This yearning for proximity is partly explained by the belief in the healing power of Marian sculptures, which in turn seemed to be conveniently transferred to a myriad of objects. When contact with the images themselves was not possible, devotees sought out their clothes, crowns, rosary beads, metric relics, and so forth. Items of clothing such as mantles and veils were particularly used and so it seems obvious they were not mere adornments or donations, but also mediums and extensions of the sculptures’ presence and power. By focusing on the thaumaturgic role of the statues’ clothes and jewels, I will argue how the practice of dressing sculptures was due to much more than stylistic desires or processional needs and draw attention to the many ways believers engaged with religious art in Early Modern Portugal.

Value co-destruction: Review and conceptualization of interactive value formation

2021 ◽  
pp. 147059312098339
Author(s):  
Per Echeverri ◽  
Per Skålén
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Service Systems ◽  
Future Research

The aim of this conceptual article is to both provide a critical review of research into value co-destruction (VCD) and outline a common conceptual framework in order to better understand and guide future research into VCD and value co-creation (VCC). This review finds that the VCD stream of research has followed two lines of enquiry: one that highlights the role of resources and service systems and another that focuses on practices. It further finds that some prior research has argued that a direct and reciprocal relationship exists between VCD and VCC, captured in the concept of interactive value formation (IVF). A synthesizing IVF framework is outlined which suggests that the alignment and misalignment both within practices and in-between different practices determines IVF, that is, VCD and VCC. The framework further suggests that IVF is both enabled and constrained by resources and service systems.

GDP binding to rat brown fat mitochondria: effects of thyroxine at different ambient temperatures

1981 ◽  
Vol 241 (3) ◽  
pp. C134-C139 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Sundin
Keyword(s):  
Linear Increase ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Brown Fat ◽  
Hormone Activity ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Heating Capacity ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Brown Fat Mitochondria

Reports on a reciprocal relationship between sympathetic-nerve and experimentally induced changes in thyroid-hormone activity called into question the proposed role of thyroxine in the changes seen in the brown fat after cold adaptation. Rats reared at +30, +22, and +5 degrees C received daily injections of thyroxine (1 mg/kg). After 3 wk of treatment, the thermogenic state of the tissue was assessed by measuring the capacity of the brown fat mitochondria to bind guanosine 5'-diphosphate (GDP). GDP-inhibited mitochondrial swelling, brown adipose tissue (BAT) wet weights, and mitochondrial yields were also measured. The control animals showed a linear increase in GDP binding between +30 and +5 degrees C. Thyroxine was found to lower the GDP binding markedly at +5 degrees C, less so at +22 degrees C, while no effect was evident at +30 degrees C. The values at +22 and +30 degrees C were identical. The other parameters studied all confirmed these results. The conclusion made is that the thyroxine-induced rise in basal metabolic rate lowers the critical temperature and reduces the demand for nonshivering thermogenesis. This is reflected in the reduced GDP binding and hence heating capacity of the brown fat mitochondria.

scholarly journals Prediction of environmental activism: The role of knowledge, attitudes, affects and behaviors

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-144
Author(s):  
Milica Marušić-Jablanović ◽  
Jelena Stanišić
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Environmental Activism ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Environmental Knowledge ◽  
Environmental Behaviors ◽  
Affective Attitude ◽  
The Right ◽  
And Behavior

The components of ecological li teracy comprise knowledge, attitudes, affect, behavior, and environmental activism. The goal of this paper is to establish whether environmental activism can be predicted on the basis of environmental knowledge, proenvironmental attitudes, affect, and behavior. In addition to this, the goal of the research is to examine to what extent individuals of different activism levels differ in terms of knowledge of basic environmental problems, expression of the attitude of ecological apathy, anthropocentrism, belonging to nature and connection with nature, as well as usual practices of pro-environmental behavior. By surveying a sample of adult respondents from Serbia who belong to a group devoted to an environmental problem (N=255), we have discovered that general environmental knowledge alone does not contribute to pro-environmental behaviors or environmental activism. The predictors of activism are pro-environmental attitudes, an affective attitude towards nature, and common pro-environmental behaviors, even though they help distinguish a group of barely active members from two groups of more active members, but they do not help distinguish those who are active in a virtual space from those who participate personally. The groups are further distinguished by other variables, such as the locus of control, values, and the phenomenon of quasi-activism. The established connection between knowledge and emotional affinity towards nature seems to represent a reciprocal relationship, and indicates that the right way to learn is to acquire knowledge, but while developing a love for nature.

scholarly journals Komunikasi Antarbudaya Dalam Interaksi Beragama Di Pura Bukit Karangasem

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ayu Ratna Pramesti Dasih
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Intercultural Interaction ◽  
Cultural Shock ◽  
Intercultural Interactions

The process of social interaction in the community is very close to communication and culture because of the harmonious reciprocal relationship. Culture and communication influence each other. Cultural differences will have the potential to cause uncertainty and anxiety disorders, so that the possibility of cultural shock occurs. The existence of a shift in the value of diversity, an important role of intercultural communication in bridging the obstacles to understanding society can be explained by intercultural interactions so as not to cause misunderstandings. This article analyzes the role of intercultural communication in religious interactions at Pura Bukit Kampung Anyar Karangasem using qualitative research methods. The results showed that: first, the historical background of the conquest of the Karangasem Kingdom over Lombok. Second, the process of adaptation and intercultural interaction carried out by Hindus and Sasak Bayan ethnic people creates religious social beliefs. Third, intercultural communication has implications for socio-religious interactions, such as: implications for religious values, implications for socializing activities, implications for the value of solidarity, and implications for the value of tolerance.

scholarly journals KAUSALITAS ANTARA FUNDAMENTAL EKONOMI DAERAH DAN PERAN WANITA DALAM PEMBANGUNAN

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Amin Pujiati
Keyword(s):  
Granger Causality ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Women In Development ◽  
Economic Fundamentals ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
Women's Role

This study aims to analyze the role of women in development and the causality between regional economic fundamentals and the role of women at Central Java. It uses district level data and supplied by the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics during 2001- 2009. The tools of analysis Granger Causality Test. The results of the analysis of the role of women in development is still low, from education, health, women's role and potential of public sector point of view. The Granger Causality tests results shows that a direct relationship between women's role in regional development with economic fundamentals, that also the role of women in development increased, causing increased local economic fundamentals. In this study there is no reciprocal relationship between economic fundamentals and the role of women.

The Violence of Inequality: Race and Lobbying in the Politics of Crime and Criminal Justice in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-93
Author(s):  
Sappho Xenakis ◽  
Leonidas K. Cheliotis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Political Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Criminal Justice Policy ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Us

There is no shortage of scholarly and other research on the reciprocal relationship that inequality bears to crime, victimisation and contact with the criminal justice system, both in the specific United States context and beyond. Often, however, inequality has been studied in conjunction with only one of the three phenomena at issue, despite the intersections that arguably obtain between them–and, indeed, between their respective connections with inequality itself. There are, moreover, forms of inequality that have received far less attention in pertinent research than their prevalence and broader significance would appear to merit. The purpose of this chapter is dual: first, to identify ways in which inequality’s linkages to crime, victimisation and criminal justice may relate to one another; and second, to highlight the need for a greater focus than has been placed heretofore on the role of institutionalised inequality of access to the political process, particularly as this works to bias criminal justice policy-making towards the preferences of financially motivated state lobbying groups at the expense of disadvantaged racial minorities. In so doing, the chapter singles out for analysis the US case and, more specifically, engages with key extant explanations of the staggering rise in the use of imprisonment in the country since the 1970s.

scholarly journals The activation loop and substrate-binding cleft of glutaminase C are allosterically coupled

2019 ◽  
Vol 295 (5) ◽  
pp. 1328-1337
Author(s):  
Yunxing Li ◽  
Sekar Ramachandran ◽  
Thuy-Tien T. Nguyen ◽  
Clint A. Stalnecker ◽  
Richard A. Cerione ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Binding ◽  
Fluorescence Emission ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Tryptophan Residue ◽  
Substrate Affinity ◽  
Activation Loop ◽  
Conformational Coupling ◽  
Binding Cleft ◽  
Glutaminase Activity

The glutaminase C (GAC) isoform of mitochondrial glutaminase is overexpressed in many cancer cells and therefore represents a potential therapeutic target. Understanding the regulation of GAC activity has been guided by the development of spectroscopic approaches that measure glutaminase activity in real time. Previously, we engineered a GAC protein (GAC(F327W)) in which a tryptophan residue is substituted for phenylalanine in an activation loop to explore the role of this loop in enzyme activity. We showed that the fluorescence emission of Trp-327 is enhanced in response to activator binding, but quenched by inhibitors of the BPTES class that bind to the GAC tetramer and contact the activation loop, thereby constraining it in an inactive conformation. In the present work, we took advantage of a tryptophan substitution at position 471, proximal to the GAC catalytic site, to examine the conformational coupling between the activation loop and the substrate-binding cleft, separated by ∼16 Å. Comparison of glutamine binding in the presence or absence of the BPTES analog CB-839 revealed a reciprocal relationship between the constraints imposed on the activation loop position and the affinity of GAC for substrate. Binding of the inhibitor weakened the affinity of GAC for glutamine, whereas activating anions such as Pi increased this affinity. These results indicate that the conformations of the activation loop and the substrate-binding cleft in GAC are allosterically coupled and that this coupling determines substrate affinity and enzymatic activity and explains the activities of CB-839, which is currently in clinical trials.

scholarly journals The reciprocal relationship between depression and physical morbidity: The role of subjective age.

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 848-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dikla Segel-Karpas ◽  
Yuval Palgi ◽  
Amit Shrira
Keyword(s):  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Subjective Age ◽  
Physical Morbidity
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