scholarly journals Syphilis in the practice of doctors of related specialties

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Anna L. Evseeva ◽  
Vera V. Ryabova ◽  
Sergei V. Koshkin ◽  
Olga S. Kovrova

The article presents clinical cases of syphilitic infection from our own practice, which were not recognized by doctors of related specialties at the early stages of the development of the disease. In the first observation, the manifestations of syphilis were regarded as a surgical pathology in the patient, which entailed surgical intervention, which was not necessary as such. The following clinical case demonstrates lesions of the mucous membranes in syphilis, mistakenly recognized by the therapist as streptococcal angina. The atypical hard chancre in the final observation disorientated the surgeon, that led to a delay in the correct diagnosis and, accordingly, in the appointment of adequate treatment. Regardless of the specialty, everyone should not forget about the variety of manifestations of syphilis in all periods. The lack of alertness among doctors of related specialties contributed to the delayed diagnosis and the appointment of specific anti-syphilitic therapy.

Author(s):  
Deyvid Silva Rebouças ◽  
Lucas Souza Cerqueira ◽  
Tila Fortuna Costa ◽  
Thaise Gomes Ferreira ◽  
Roberta Catapano Naves ◽  
...  

Pemphigus is the general name for a group of rare autoimmune diseases that affect the skin and mucous membranes and is presented with the formation of intraepidermal blisters. Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a chronic rare vesicular-bullous autoimmune disease that when not diagnosed and treated in its early stages has severe prognosis. This study aims to report a clinical case of a female patient, 32 years of age who had manifestation of pemphigus vulgaris. The oral manifestations are, in most cases, the first signs of the disease and the dentist has a primary role in the early diagnosis.


PEDIATRICS ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 971-983
Author(s):  
Aurelio C. Uson ◽  
John K. Lattimer ◽  
Meyer M. Melicow

The clinical records of 44 children (34 girls and 10 boys) with ureteroceles, seen at the Squier Urological Clinic during a period of 27 years, have been reviewed and the findings tabulated. Of the 44 cases, 38 were found clinically among some 3,800 new pediatric urologic admissions, an incidence of 1 in every 100 new pediatric urologic patients. The other six cases were found incidentally at necropsy at the Babies Hospital, among 3,200 consecutive necropsies, i.e., one in every 500 general pediatric necropsies. Among the 38 clinical cases of ureteroceles 85% had severe dilatation of one or more upper urinary tract units, 25% of which had also evidence of bladder-neck obstruction caused by the ureterocele. In the remaining 15%, the dilatation was confined to one upper urinary tract unit and was minimal or mild. As expected, large ureteroceles were present in those patients with unilateral or bilateral duplication of the upper urinary tract, and caused severe hydroureteronephrosis, while small ureteroceles were usually seen in children with single upper tracts, and produced minimal or mild ureteropyelic dilatation. Unilateral or bilateral duplication of the upper urinary tracts was also present in 75% of the 38 cases and in 90% of those who had large ureteroceles. In all children with duplicated urinary tract who had ureteroceles, the latter were always found involving the lower ureteral ostium; i.e., the one which drained the upper kidney. There was no characteristic clinical picture caused by this condition, but fever, pyuria and recurrent abdominal pain were usually present. Urography was helpful in establishing a correct diagnosis of ureterocele in about 50% of all cases irrespective of the status of the ureterocele and quality of the film. Cystoscopy was only done whenever the diagnosis was not previously established by urography on in difficult situations such as those seen in collapsed ureteroceles. In this latter group the cystoscopic findings were bizarre and at times misleading. Transcystoscopic excision of the ureterocele was carried out in many cases but with good results only in those children with small uneteroceles and minimal to mild dilatation of the upper urinary tract. Nephrectomy or heminephroureterectomy was the treatment of choice in children with large ureteroceles and severely dilated upper urinary tracts. At times, multistaged procedures were necessary in order to achieve a satisfactory result, the initial step being a simple cystoscopic fulguration or a suprapubic excision, or uncapping of the ureterocele. Whenever the general condition of the child was satisfactory, the treatment consisted of attempts at repair of the anomaly, when feasible, or radical excision not only of the uneterocele but also of the involved renoureteral unit or units if the remaining kidney was considered sufficient to support a useful life. Finally, a prolonged course with antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents usually followed surgery, in order to control the concomitant infection of the urinary tract. Ureteroceles in children were found to be apt to produce serious hydrodynamic disturbances of the upper urinary tracts and sometimes obstruction of the bladder neck. Furthermore, bizarre clinical syndromes, misleading cystoscopic findings and confusing urographic pictures were present in about 30% of the 38 clinical cases of ureterocele in children seen at the Squier Urological Clinic and described in this report. In these cases the correct diagnosis was initially overlooked or delayed, adequate treatment postponed or incompletely carried out, and the results obtained were poor. On the other hand, satisfactory result were usually achieved in the remaining 70% of the cases in which a correct diagnosis was established early and adequate treatment instituted. For these reasons, familiarization with the various clinical, cystoscopic and urographic findings encountered in children with ureterocele is important in order to bring about early diagnosis and treatment of this condition.


2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Alexandrovna Bakunina

Atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) is a nosologic form seen very frequently in multifunctional hospitals, as it co-exists with systemic diseases. In the present article, a clinical case of an extended treatment of a patient without any permanent improvement is described, because AKC was not recognized until cataract development and hospitalization for cataract surgery. The surgical procedure served as a releaser for AKC exacerbation, what allowed to put a correct diagnosis and to work out an adequate treatment regimen, based on immunomodulating Restasis® eye drops.


2020 ◽  
pp. 99-103
Author(s):  
L. M. Andreeva ◽  
G. M. Ursol ◽  
S. E. Nemazenko ◽  
V. R. Babich ◽  
S. I. Sidorenko ◽  
...  

Summary. The article describes a case of successful treatment of stomach trichobezoar complicated by a perforated stomach ulcer. Purpose of research. Optimization of diagnostics and treatment of acute surgical pathology of the gastrointestinal tract taking into account a rare etiological factor Materials and methods. A clinical case of trichobezoar in a pregnant woman, complicated by stomach perforation. Results and discussion. Attention is drawn to the problems of diagnosis and treatment of rare gastrointestinal diseases that can lead to the development of acute surgical pathology. The awareness of practitioners about the clinic, methods of timely diagnosis, prevention and treatment of this disease was assessed. to solve these tasks, a multidisciplinary approach is required, with the interaction of psychiatrists / psychoneurologists, endoscopists, x-ray diagnostic services and operating surgeons. Conclusions. The low frequency of cases of gastrointestinal bezoars causes a lack of awareness of practitioners with clinical manifestations, complications and treatment methods. Untimely diagnosis of GI bezoar can lead to severe complications that require serious surgical intervention. The probability of bezoars in mentally unbalanced patients suffering from various types of obsessive States is statistically higher than in mentally healthy individuals.


2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 973-975
Author(s):  
T T Faizov ◽  
L N Mubarakova ◽  
O A Ivanov ◽  
E M Voronina ◽  
A R Khamitova

Acute bacterial sialadenitis is observed in common pathologies accompanied by food intake disruption leading to cachexy. Generally, detection of acute bacterial sialadenitis is not a challenge. But diagnosis of acute serous bacterial sialadenitis causes difficulties with differentiating it from exacerbation of chronic parenchymal and intersticial sialadenitis, especially at the early stages of these diseases, as well as from acute viral sialadenites, for example acute influenzal sialadenitis. We present a clinical case of a patient with acute serous sialadenitis who had the extended evaluation only after unsuccessful course of conventional conservative treatment to find out the main cause of the disease that led to delayed diagnosis and prolonged hospital stay.


ORL ro ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
A. Sandul ◽  
M. Buracovschi ◽  
N. Buracovschi

Tuberculosis is one of the oldest pathologies that affect human population, being a significant cause of morbidity/mortality in several countries. Middleear tuberculosis is a rare pathology, often misdiagnosed because of an atipic evolution, as a result leading to severe complications. This paper presents a case of tuberculous otitis media complicated with facial nerveparalysis House Brackmann type V in a patient who underwent multiple middleear surgeries before correct diagnosis was established.  


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Khalidjan Kamilov ◽  
◽  
Munirakhon Kasimova ◽  
Gavkhar Khamraeva ◽  
Manzurakhon Rizaeva

Inflammatory complications of the organ of vision in the time of COVID-19 can be manifested as conjunctivitis, scleritis, episcleritis, keratitis, uveitis and optic neuritis. It is essential to collect anamnesis, examine the blood for the presence of COVID 19 and treat these patients with the help of infectious disease specialists. Correct diagnosis of inflammatory ocular complications in the presence of COVID 19 makes it possible to prevent ocular complications, such as: ulcers and corneal penetration; fusion and overgrowth of the pupil,which leadto secondary glaucoma; endoophthalmitis, panophthalmitis and optic nerve atrophy. Timely intensive medical care and adequate treatment of these complications lead to a decrease in disability in this category of patients.Keywords:Ophthalmology, COVID-19,complications, ulcers, endoophthalmitis, panophthalmitis, gastrointestinal tract, cavernous sinus thrombosis


Author(s):  
N. Y. Emelyanova ◽  
T. E. Kozyrieva ◽  
O. V. Stepanova ◽  
N. V. Zorenko

Dryness of the mucous membranes (in mouth, nose, genitals in women) and skin are the most common complaints of patients with Sjogren’s disease — a multisystem immune‑mediated disorder that causes anxiety and concern associated with the difficulties of initial diagnosis. The authors present a clinical case of a patient with primary Sjogren’s syndrome, a large number of symptoms of digestive diseases, complaints of dryness of mucous membranes, in particular the oral cavity. The diagnosis was confirmed by allied specialists such as ophthalmologist, gynecologist, rheumatologist, dentist. Detailed dental examination revealed the main dental complaints (constant dry mouth, galitos, changes in taste), clinical condition (dryness of the red border of the lips, swelling of the oral mucosa, changes in the relief of the gums), decreased secretory activity and significant reduction of unstimulated salivation with a moderate level of stimulated salivation. It is noted that a significant decrease in sialometry (0.01 ml per minute) and functional activity of the small salivary glands (up to 18) confirms the presence of true xerostomia. Micro‑crystallization of saliva revealed disorganization of irregularly shaped structures, as well as a significant number of organic inclusions, which indicates a violation of homeostasis in the oral cavity. Given the results of ultrasound examination of the large salivary glands and the absence of enlargement and swelling of the glands during clinical examination, we can assume that the destructive damage to the glands is not so pronounced, evacuation function of the gland is not reduced, but the amount of secretion is significantly reduced. To provide medical aid to patients with Sjogren’s syndrome, the accessibility of the qualified consultation is important and required, with conduction of comprehensive examinations by allied specialists, including a dentist.  


2021 ◽  
Vol LIII (3) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Elena G. Mendelevich ◽  
Alsu A. Saifeeva ◽  
Artur I. Kurbanov

Background. The article presents an observation of the clinical case of orthostatic hypotension that developed after an infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The issues of etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis are outlined. The complexity of diagnosis at the stage of clinical observation is due to the comorbidity of possible mechanisms and the difficulty of determining the primary factor. Taking into account the study of variants of direct and indirect action of this 2019-nCoV, the description of the clinical observation of orthostatic hypotension supplements the data on the spectrum of manifestations of this disease. Aim. Analysis of the clinical case of the development of orthostatic hypotension in the post-acute period of COVID-19. Material. When conducting a literature review on the selected topic, various sources were considered. The search depth was over 7 years. For the recruitment of literature, Internet platforms UpToDate, PubMed, Medscape were used. Russian and foreign sources were studied. Methods. Anamnesis collection, objective research, specialized tests, laboratory and instrumental research methods, study of disease history, literature sources on orthostatic hypotension and the effect of COVID-19 on the autonomic nervous system. Results. The analysis of this case with the determination of the leading mechanism of orthostatic hypotension is extremely difficult. Probably, there is a combination of factors: direct and indirect effects on the nervous system at COVID-19. The direct effect is associated with the interaction of the virus with the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptors in the nervous system, which causes a significant increase in the concentration of bradykinin and the development of hypotension. An indirect effect is due to both increased thrombus formation with the development of PE, and autonomic dysfunction, within the framework of secondary polyneuropathy of fine fibers. Conclusion. It is likely that in the near future the number of such patients in the practice of doctors will increase, therefore, timely and correct diagnosis of these conditions, with their careful management, will be the fundamental postulates in the recovery of patients. Drawing attention to this topic will possibly expand our understanding of the spectrum of complications of COVID-19 and will greatly complement the information available today.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sahani Anupama ◽  
Pilana Vithanage Kalani Shihanika Hettiarachchi

Background. Fractures of the mandible are common in elderly patients, and among them, condylar fractures are the most frequent type. A change in occlusion is the most common physical finding in patients with fractures of the mandible. Therefore, it is challenging to identify mandibular fractures in posterior edentulous patients due to the lack of posterior occlusal contacts. It is crucial to do radiological investigations in such patients to exclude fractures. Case Presentation. This article describes a case of delayed diagnosis of a unilateral mandibular condylar fracture for a week’s duration and treating the condition as temporomandibular pathology in a posterior edentulous, 52-year-old patient. Conclusion. This clinical case highlights the importance of radiological investigations and occlusal analysis for early diagnosis of condylar fractures, particularly in posterior edentulous patients, lacking posterior occlusal contacts.


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