scholarly journals The correlation of clinical and psychological characteristics of women seeking cosmetic help

2021 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 66-75
Author(s):  
E. S. Bagnenko ◽  
E. R. Araviiskaia ◽  
A. I. Bogatenkov ◽  
S. S. Bagnenko
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Motivational Orientation ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Facial Skin ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Spearman Test ◽  
Cosmetic Problem

Background. Patients seeking cosmetic help, most commonly, haven`t only defects in appearance, in particular, facial skin, but also experience certain psychological problems in this regard. On the other hand, the reaction to the performed cosmetic correction of the mentioned defects depends, including on the patients psychological characteristics. The study of the correlation between clinical and psychological characteristics should contribute to the individualization of the cosmetological correction process and optimization of the patient life quality. Aims. To establish the correlation between age, clinical and psychological characteristics of women with cosmetic problems of the facial skin. Materials and methods. Using the methods of psychological diagnostics, we examined 110 women who received cosmetic assistance. Semi-quantitative method was used to assess the cosmetic problem intensity, the duration of its existence and the effect of the correction performed. Clinical and psychological research was carried out using the author's structured interview, which questions were aimed at fixing both the formal social positions of the patients and the characteristics of the system of significant relationships. Psychometric research was carried out using standardized questionnaires in order to identify a wide range of personality characteristics. In the course of statistical processing of the results, a frequency analysis of the gradations of nominative and rank signs was carried out using Pearson's 2, as well as a correlation analysis of clinical and psychological characteristics using the Spearman -test. Results. The author traced the statistical correlation between the degree of manifestation of the cosmetic problem and its influence on the psychological state of patients, as well as between the degree of their satisfaction with its solution and a number of personal characteristics and attitudes. Conclusions. The assumption was confirmed that the effect of treatment is determined not only by clinical factors and the possibilities of modern cosmetology, but also by psychological factors, among which the motivational orientation and activity of the individual, which form the basis of patient compliance, are of decisive importance.

SELF-RELATIONSHIP OF A MODERN TEENAGER

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-105
Author(s):  
S. A. VELIKOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Life Activity ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Psychological Literature ◽  
Relationship Of

This work is devoted to the study of personal characteristics of adolescents as a factor of interpersonal relations, namely self-relationship. The analysis of psychological literature testifies to the interest in the prob-lem of psychological characteristics of the modern teenager, which is associated with their importance in life, activity, personality formation. The methodological basis consists of the works of L. S. Vygotsky, A. N. Leon-tiev, L. I. Bozhovich, D. I. Feldstein, V. V. Stolin, R. burns, J. A. Bozhovich. Robinson, J. Maccoby, D. Murphy.

Jordanian EFL Teachers' Perceptions of the Appropriateness of Action Pack Textbooks

2006 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 33-56
Author(s):  
Ali Ahmad Al-Barakat ◽  
Ruba Fahmi Bataineh ◽  
Samih Mahmoud Al-Karasneh ◽  
Rula Fahmi Bataineh
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Developmentally Appropriate ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Instructional Materials ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Textbook Series ◽  
Assessment Tasks ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
Age Appropriate

This study investigates the appropriateness of the Action Pack Textbook Series (APTS) currently taught in the first four primary stage classes in Jordanian public schools. An evaluation checklist, compiled from the literature, and a semi-structured interview were used to evaluate the content, layout, assessment tasks, teacher's book and the availability of supplementary materials. The findings support the following conclusions: Poor ratings were minimal; APTS is adaptable to the needs of both teachers and pupils and provides a broad range of resources that can be selectively integrated into the curriculum; APTS contains modes of instruction that are developmentally appropriate for a wide range of learners; APTS instructional materials are interesting, engaging and effective for the target learners; the format of the teacher's book is easy to follow, the directions for implementing activities are clear, and the teacher's book itself is flexible and allows teachers to choose from a variety of activities to use with their pupils; for the most part, non-text materials are used appropriately to promote learning; and, overall, the materials for the pupils are well written, age-appropriate and compelling in content.

scholarly journals Echocardiographic and invasive measurements of pulmonary artery pressure correlate closely at high altitude

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (4) ◽  
pp. H2013-H2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Allemann ◽  
Claudio Sartori ◽  
Mattia Lepori ◽  
Sébastien Pierre ◽  
Christian Mélot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Doppler Echocardiography ◽  
Systolic Pulmonary Arterial Pressure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Altitude Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Reproducible Method ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Spearman Test ◽  
Invasive Measurement

Exaggerated hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension is a hallmark of high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and plays a major role in its pathogenesis. Many studies of HAPE have estimated systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (SPAP) with Doppler echocardiography. Whereas at low altitude, Doppler echocardiographic estimation of SPAP correlates closely with its invasive measurement, no such evidence exists for estimations obtained at high altitude, where alterations of blood viscosity may invalidate the simplified Bernoulli equation. We measured SPAP by Doppler echocardiography and invasively in 14 mountaineers prone to HAPE and in 14 mountaineers resistant to this condition at 4,559 m. Mountaineers prone to HAPE had more pronounced pulmonary hypertension (57 ± 12 and 58 ± 10 mmHg for noninvasive and invasive determination, respectively; means ± SD) than subjects resistant to HAPE (37 ± 8 and 37 ± 6 mmHg, respectively), and the values measured in the two groups as a whole covered a wide range of pulmonary arterial pressures (30–83 mmHg). Spearman test showed a highly significant correlation ( r = 0.89, P < 0.0001) between estimated and invasively measured SPAP values. The mean difference between invasively measured and Doppler-estimated SPAP was 0.5 ± 8 mmHg. At high altitude, estimation of SPAP by Doppler echocardiography is an accurate and reproducible method that correlates closely with its invasive measurement.

scholarly journals The most problematic symptoms of prion disease – an analysis of carer experiences

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (08) ◽  
pp. 1181-1190
Author(s):  
Liz Ford ◽  
Peter Rudge ◽  
Kathy Robinson ◽  
John Collinge ◽  
Michele Gorham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Prion Disease ◽  
Prion Diseases ◽  
Formal Analysis ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Uk ◽  
And Behavior

ABSTRACTObjectives:Prion diseases are rare dementias that most commonly occur sporadically, but can be inherited or acquired, and for which there is no cure. We sought to understand which prion disease symptoms are most problematic for carers, to inform the development of outcome measures.Design:Self-completed questionnaire with follow-up of a subset of participants by structured interview.Setting:A nested study in the UK National Prion Monitoring Cohort, a longitudinal observational study.Participants and measurements:71 carers, of people with different prion diseases with a wide range of disease severity, identified 236 of their four most problematic symptoms by questionnaire which were grouped into ten domains. Structured interviews were then done to qualitatively explore these experiences. Eleven family carers of people with prion disease were selected, including those representative of a range of demographics and disease subtypes and those who cared for people with prion disease, living or recently deceased. Interviews were transcribed and formally studied.Results:The six most problematic symptom domains were: mobility and coordination; mood and behavior; personal care and continence; eating and swallowing; communication; and cognition and memory. The prevalence of these symptoms varied significantly by disease stage and type. A formal analysis of structured interviews to explore these domains is reported.Conclusions:We make suggestions about how healthcare professionals can focus their support for people with prion disease. Clinical trials that aim to generate evidence regarding therapies that might confer meaningful benefits to carers should consider including outcome measures that monitor the symptomatic domains we have identified as problematic.

scholarly journals Students' Personal and Academic Attributions of University Withdrawal

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-77
Author(s):  
Genevieve M. Johnson ◽  
George H. Buck
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Undergraduate Student ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
Canadian Universities ◽  
Student Academic Performance ◽  
Wide Range

A Commission of Inquiry on Canadian University Education recently reported that approximately 42% of full-time undergraduate students who entered Canadian universities in 1985 failed to obtain a degree within five years. While this statistic is startling, perhaps, of greater concern is the apparent lack of interest shown by most Canadian universities in the subject of undergraduate student attrition. As an initial step toward addressing the issue of Canadian university attrition, a conceptual model of undergraduate student withdrawal is proposed. The model is based on the assumption that students are characterized by a wide range of personal and academic variables. Such characteristics interact or co-exist with institutional variables such as campus integration. This interaction results in the quality of student academic performance and the nature of student psychological condition. Poor quality of student academic performance results in institution-initiated undergraduate withdrawal; a variety of psychological variables (e.g., satisfaction, stress) result in student-initiated undergraduate withdrawal. The bases of this model were findings obtained from questioning 498 undergraduate students who had withdrawn from a large Western Canadian university. Personal student characteristics, institutional factors and societal variables frequently emerged as students' attributions of university withdrawal. Student academic performance was validated as the causal factor for institutional-based undergraduate withdrawal and student psychological state appeared critically related to student-based undergraduate withdrawal. From these findings, preadmission counseling, academic and personal student support and an increased commitment to accommodating students are recommended.

scholarly journals On Opportunities of Dictionary “Response Remarks in Russian Dialogic Speech” by V. T. Bondarenko

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-324
Author(s):  
Elena Zakirovna Kireeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Educational Value ◽  
Cultural Concepts ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Oral Speech ◽  
Gender Characteristics ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Children's Speech ◽  
The Russian Language

Review on «Dictionary of response remarks in Russian dialogical speech» by V. T. Bondarenko. The dictionary is based on a concept that is developed from the idea of dialogism of human consciousness. The object of study is response remarks, i.e. words and phraseological units whose illocutionary purpose is to respond to a word or phrase of another participant of the dialogue. They are characterized by stability in language and reproducibility in speech. Responses are defined as performative signs: they are used to express the psychological state (reaction) of the speaker, caused by an initiative phrase or ”hook”-word. The paper describes macro- and microstructure of the dictionary, characterizes the semantic and syntactic aspects of the response remarks, and enumerates their functions. The author of the review shows a number of ways to use the dictionary. Responses are linked to typical situations and everyday situations of communication (meeting, acquaintance, addressing, attracting attention, etc.), to conversation topics, and therefore, are of interest to researchers dealing with genres of oral speech. Since the responses are connected with the stereotypes of thinking, behavior and mental reactions of Russians, their research is important for ethnolinguists. The dictionary data can enrich linguistic and cultural studies of cultural concepts. Due to the playful (humorous) function inherent to responses, they may be of interest when studying the essence of the comic. The dictionary materials give a systematic idea of the expression of the comic in the Russian language. The open evaluability of response remarks makes them a unique research material for studying the categories of axiology, evaluability, and textual modality. The analysis of the context of responses, the system of marks and illustrations is valuable for researchers of speech culture and speech etiquette. It will be fruitful for psycholinguists developing a theory of reactivity. The dictionary has a wide range of response variations, so it is of great importance for phraseologists who study the variation of set phrases. Studying the response remarks will be useful to researchers of children’s speech as vocabulary, syntax, rhythm of response replicas, and images in them are organical for the child’s perception and can be easily reproduced. For gender studies of language, the research of these units is important because they allow you to get information about gender characteristics, and marks and illustrations – to compare the tactics of speech behavior of men and women. The dictionary has a great educational value for any person, because thanks to the non-standard and unusual material of the dictionary, everyone can enrich their speech.

scholarly journals Social and psychological adaptation of the personality of juvenile suspects, accused and convicted persons, with different attitude to the criminal subculture

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-124
Author(s):  
Yu.E. Dyachkova
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Psychological Adaptation ◽  
Juvenile Suspects

The article deals with the problem of the spread of criminal subculture among juvenile suspects, accused and convicted persons, their adherence to the rules, the laws of the criminal environment, as well as personal features that contribute to this. The key attention is paid to the study of social and psychological adaptation of minors in places of detention. It is assumed that there is a connection between the adherence to the norms of the criminal subculture and the personal characteristics of minors, the level of their social and psychological adaptation. The pilot study was attended by 23 juvenile boys aged 15 to 18 years, Russian, committed various crimes. The paper used review-analytical, psychodiagnostic methods, methods of mathematical and statistical processing. As a result, three types of minors are determined by the degree of their adherence to the norms of the criminal subculture, the features of social and psychological adaptation and the associated personality traits of juvenile suspects, accused and convicted persons are studied, and the correlation links between the integral indicators of social and psychological adaptation are established. The results can contribute to the development and implementation of psychoprophylactic and psychocorrection programs aimed at leveling the negative impact of criminal subculture norms among minors in isolation.

scholarly journals What stresses adolescents? A qualitative study on perceptions of stress, stressors and coping mechanisms among urban adolescents in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
TK Nagabharana ◽  
Shama Joseph ◽  
Azeez Rizwana ◽  
Murali Krishna ◽  
Mary Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Stress And Coping ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Older Adolescents ◽  
And Coping

Background: In India, stress levels are increasing steadily among youth. We aimed to explore the factors that contribute to psychological stress and coping strategies among adolescents in Mysore, India to inform the development of an intervention. Methods: We recruited 16 volunteers in Mysore, India including 6 younger (12-15 years; 3 girls) and 10 older adolescents/ young adults (17-25 years; 5 girls) using a purposive sampling technique. Older adolescents were recruited from ongoing birth cohort study, and the younger adolescents by word-of-mouth from the community. Individual in-depth interviews were carried out based on a semi-structured interview guide comprising open-ended questions. The interviews were analysed to derive themes and emerging constructs related to stress and coping strategies.  Results: Adolescents generally perceived stress in their daily lives. Family conflicts and academic pressures were the main triggers for increased stress. Issues around peer relationships, and social position were also important contributors. Adolescents reported that they had robust coping strategies. These included stress release through rationalising and acceptance of the situation, distraction activities, spirituality, and self-comforting methods. However, they felt the need for further support from their family, and the society in general. In particular they expressed the need for a space to share their concerns and obtain guidance through healthy discussions with adults.      Conclusions: Our study indicates that adolescents in India are exposed to a wide range of stressors in their daily lives. The conflict between ‘traditional’ society’s opinions of what adolescents should do and the new age adolescents’ aspirations for autonomy to find ‘informed’ solutions for their issues may hinder the stress management efforts. Moving forward, we propose to develop a culturally acceptable intervention tool that accommodates adolescents’ perspectives and psychosocial context.

A descriptive study of juvenile delinquents

1995 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Barnes ◽  
Noel O'Gorman
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Juvenile Delinquents ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses ◽  
The Social ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Assessment Centre ◽  
High Degree

AbstractObjective: The aim of this study was to describe the social, physical, intellectual and psychological characteristics of juvenile delinquents in Dublin.Method: One hundred consecutive admissions to the St. Michael's Assessment Centre between March 1,1989 and May 31, 1991 were studied. Information was gathered on a wide range of personal, family and social aspects of the delinquents' lives, together with data on their physical, intellectual and psychological profiles.Results: The majority of subjects came from deprived social and economic backgrounds. 62% of the delinquents were below the 50th percentile for height while 21% were classified as mentally handicapped. The most common psychiatric diagnoses were socialised conduct disorder and mixed disorder of conduct and emotions. Depressive symptoms were endorsed by 12% of the boys and this subgroup tended to engage in more serious offences.Conclusions: This retrospective study demonstrates the high degree of social, physical, intellectual and psychological disadvantage experienced by Dublin juvenile delinquents and underscores the need for further prospective studies in this poorly understood section of our society.

Heuristics in financial decision-making: the selection of SME financing by advisers in an increasingly diverse market

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Rauwerda ◽  
Frank Jan De Graaf
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Ecological Rationality ◽  
Personal Network ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Less Is More ◽  
Fast And Frugal Heuristics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Simple Rules

PurposeIn order to better understand how heuristics are used in practice, the authors explore what type of heuristics is used in the managerial domain of financial advisors to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and what influences the shaping of these heuristics. In doing so, the authors detect possible fast-and-frugal heuristics in day-to-day decision-making of independent financial advisers who help owners of SMEs to acquire capital (e.g. loans, factoring, leasing and equity).Design/methodology/approachThe authors inductively assessed the work of financial advisers of SMEs. Based on group discussions, the authors drew up a semi-structured interview-protocol with descriptive questions about how financial advisers come to a deal for their clients. The interviews of 19 professionals were analysed by relating them to the theory of fast-and-frugal heuristics.FindingsWithin their decision-making, advisers estimate the likelihood of acceptance by a few financial providers they know well in their personal network with a strong bias towards traditional banking products, although there are a large number of alternatives on the Dutch market. “Less is more” seems to be a relevant principle when defined as satisficing. Heuristics help advisers to deal with behavioural and economic limitations. Also, the authors have found that client interaction, previous working experience and the company the adviser is working for influences the shaping of the simple rules the adviser is using.Research limitations/implicationsThe study shows how difficult it is to understand the ecological rationality of a certain group of professionals and to understand the “less is more” principle. Financial advisers to SMEs use cognitive shortcuts and simple rules to advise SME-owners, based on previous experiences, but it is difficult to determine whether that leads to the same or even better solutions for them and their clients than using probability theory and financial optimisation models. Within heuristics, satisficing seems to be a dominant mechanism. Here, heuristics help advisers in recognising possibilities by searching for similarities between a current financing case and previous experiences. The data suggests that if “less is more” is defined as satisficing for one or more stakeholders involved, the principle dominates the decision making of financial advisers of SME's.Practical implicationsThe authors suggest the relevance of a behavioural approach to finance by assessing the day-to-day decisions of financial advisers of SMEs. Also, the authors suggest that financial advisers are guided by previous experiences, and they do not fully assess a wide range of options in their work but need shortcuts to fulfil the needs of their clients.Originality/valueThe study comes close to day-to-day decision-making in finance by assessing how professionals make decisions. The authors try to understand types of heuristics in relation with “ecological rationality” and the less is more principle. The authors assess financial advisers of SME-companies, a group that has gotten little research attention until now. The influence of client interaction and of the company the adviser is working for is remarkable in the shaping of the advisers' simple rules.

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