scholarly journals Mentally Challenged Children’s Performance Comparison to Evaluate their Motor Function of the Brain – By Applying Finger Tapping Sub-test Test of Neuropsychological Battery

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mr. Anjan N. Patel ◽  
Dr. D.J Panchal
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Finger Tapping ◽  
Neuropsychological Battery ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Similar Performance ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Finger Tapping Test

“Mentally challenged children’s performance comparison to evaluate their brain’s motor function – by applying finger tapping subtest test of neuropsychological battery” this is a research problem to know that mental retardation is affecting their motor co-ordination function on not”. Neuro-psychological assessment test battery which was developed by NIMHANS, Bangalore in the year of 2004 and its sub-test Finger tapping test was administered for research. By random sampling method, samples were collected from B.M Institute of Mental Health, Ahmedabad in the year of 2012. Based on Government Civil hospital’s IQ certificate 75 mild category of MR children of above and below graduate parents were taken for research with prior permission. Mental Retardation based on various diagnosis like; Down syndrome, microcephaly, hydrocephaly, trisomy-13, trisomy-18 or multiple disabilities are included. Flowingly, Children’s age group and gender are also kept different to compare their performance on finger tapping test. The results shows the “t” value of Neuropsychological functions of finger tapping test (Right hand) of mild children of different educational level of parents is 0.12. The mean scores of finger tapping test (Right hand) of mild children of above and below graduate parents were found 36.08 and 36.38 respectively with SD 8.50 and 12.56. The results indicate that significant difference does not exist between mild children of below and above graduate parents with regard to finger tapping test (Right hand). In the light of the hypothesis that there will be no significant difference between mild children of below and above graduate parents on finger tapping test (Right hand). It implies that mild children of below and above graduate parents have no significant difference of performance on finger tapping test (Right hand). Based on the result it depicts that mild children of below and above graduate parents’ children have similar performance on finger tapping test (Right hand). The results shows the “t” value of Neuropsychological functions of finger tapping test (Left hand) of mild children of educational level of parents is 0.55. The mean scores of finger tapping test (Left hand) of mild children of above graduate parents were found 34.49 and 35.92 respectively with SD 9.18 and 13.03. The results indicate that significant difference exist between mild children of below graduate parents and mild children of above graduate parents with regard to finger tapping test (Left hand). In the light of the hypothesis that there will be no significant difference between mild children of below and above graduate parents on finger tapping test (Left hand). It implies that mild children of below and above graduate parents have no significant difference on finger tapping test (left hand). Mild children of above and below graduate parent’s children have similar performance on finger tapping test (left hand). On the basis of result it is concluded that Mild MR category of above and below graduate parent’s children have similar performance on Finger tapping test in both Right and Left hand. It depicts that these children are fair in their motor function of motor speed and co-ordination. 75 children’s mental retardation does not affected on their brain’s motor function performance.

scholarly journals Lateral comparisons using Fishman's skeletal maturation assessment

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 408-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham N. Safer ◽  
Peter Homel ◽  
David D. Chung
Keyword(s):  
Bone Development ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Skeletal Maturation ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT Objective:  To assess lateral differences between ossification events and stages of bone development in the hands and wrists utilizing Fishman's skeletal maturation indicators (SMIs). Materials and Methods:  The skeletal ages of 125 subjects, aged 8 to 20 years, were determined with left and right hand-wrist radiographs using Fishman's SMI assessment. Each subject was also given the Edinburgh Handedness Questionnaire to assess handedness. The skeletal ages of both hand-wrist radiographs were analyzed against each other, handedness, chronologic age, and gender. Results:  There were no significant differences overall in right and left SMI scores (P  =  .70); 79% of all patients showed no difference in right and left SMI scores, regardless of handedness, gender, or age. However, when patients were categorized based on clinical levels of SMI score for the right hand-wrist, there was a significant difference (P  =  .01) between the SMI 1-3 group and the SMI 11 group. Subjects in the SMI 1-3 group were more likely to show a left > right SMI score, while subjects in the SMI 11 group were likely to show a right > left SMI score. Conclusion:  Although no significant overall lateral differences in SMI scores were noted, it may be advisable to obtain a left hand-wrist radiograph and/or additional diagnostic information to estimate completion of growth in young surgical patients.

Handwriting, Typewriting and Handedness

1968 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Provins ◽  
D. J. Glencross
Keyword(s):  
Performance Levels ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Two Sides

The performance of two groups of 20 trained touch typists and one group of 20 nontypists was tested on seven different typewriting exercises. Three of these exercises were executed entirely with the right hand and three were completed using only the left. A comparison of performances of the two sides showed, for the typists, no differences between the sides or a difference in favour of the left hand; and for the non-typists, a difference between hands in favour of the right side in two of the three comparisons. A comparison of handwriting performance with the preferred and non-preferred hands was carried out on 80 subjects. Apart from a highly significant difference in performance between the sides in favour of the preferred hand, this task showed, as did the typewriting task, a marked positive correlation between the performance levels of the two sides. These findings are briefly discussed in relation to the training histories of the subjects.

scholarly journals The Effect Ofinitial Practice with Dominant and Non-Dominant Hand on Acquisition, Retention and Transfer of a Complex Motor Task

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1067-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malihe Moones Tousi ◽  
Toktam Emami ◽  
Seyed Mojtaba Hoseini
Keyword(s):  
Movement Time ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Transfer Task ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of practice orderwithdominant and non-dominant hand on acquisition, retention and transfer of basketball dribbling skills of female students at Ferdowsi University. The subjects were 20 female students of General Physical Education (19-24), who did not have any experiences in basketball with dominant right hand. They were randomly selected and equally assigned into two groups. The subjects practiced within the program for 4 weeks, 2 times a week and 45 minutes per session. Group A practiced with their dominant right hand for the first four sessions and then switched to their left hand for the second four sessions. Group B practiced reversely. The subjects were assessed by Slalom-Dribble-Test in pre-test and post-test. Retention and transfer tests were performed one week after the exercise was finished. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in acquisition of dribbling skill (p=0.053). Movement time has been significantly reduced from pre-test to post-test (p=0.00). The results showed better performance of the right hand compared to the left (p=0.042). Both groups had a shorter dribbling time with the right hand compared to the left hand in the post-test and retention test. There was no significant difference between two groups in transfer task (p = 0.16). The results indicate that practicing with dominant and non-dominant limbs in the initial motor learning seems to be important to improve performance of both limbs and to strengthen bilateral competence of the learners.

scholarly journals Are left- and right-eye pupil sizes always equal?

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonca Gokce Menekse Dalveren ◽  
Nergiz Ercil Cagiltay
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Movement Analysis ◽  
Difficulty Level ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Surgical Residents ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right

Eye movements provide very critical information about the cognitive load and behaviors of human beings. Earlier studies report that under normal conditions, the left- and right-eye pupil sizes are equal. For this reason, most studies undertaking eye-movement analysis are conducted by only considering the pupil size of a single eye or taking the average size of both eye pupils. This study attempts to offer a better understanding concerning whether there are any differences between the left- and right-eye pupil sizes of the right-handed surgical residents while performing surgical tasks in a computer-based simulation environment under different conditions (left hand, right hand and both hands). According to the results, in many cases, the right-eye pupil sizes of the participants were larger than their left-eye pupil sizes while performing the tasks under right-hand and both-hands conditions. However, no significant difference was found in relation to the tasks performed under left-hand condition in all scenarios. These results are very critical to shed further light on the cognitive load of the surgical residents by analyzing their left-eye and right-eye pupil sizes. Further research is required to investigate the effect of the difficulty level of each scenario, its appropriateness with the skill level of the participants, and handedness on the differences between the left- and right-eye pupil sizes.

scholarly journals Does Performance of Speed-Accuracy Movements Depend on Gender and the Left or the Right Hand?

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (77) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Motiejūnaitė ◽  
Dalia Mickevičienė ◽  
Albertas Skurvydas ◽  
Diana Karanauskienė ◽  
Mantas Mickevičius
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Movement Trajectory ◽  
Dynamic Parameters ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Right ◽  
Speed Accuracy

The aim of the study was to establish the differences in men and women’s performance of speed-accuracy movements with their left (LH) and right (RH) hands. The research participants were 24 healthy right-handed subjects: 12 males (aged 20.8 ± 1.1 years) and 12 females (aged 21.4 ± 1.0 years). The research was carried out in the Laboratory of Human Motor Control at the Lithuanian Academy of Physical Education (LAPE) applying the analyzer of dynamic parameters of human leg and arm movement (DPA-1; Patent No. 5251; 2005 08 25), which is used for the qualitative estimation of the dynamic parameters of one arm and leg target movement, two arms and legs coordinated and independent target movements, when the resistance power and target are coded with different programmable parameters. The task was performed with the right and then with the left hand (50 repetitions with each hand). The subjects had two tasks: a) to react as quickly as possible (simple task); b) to react as quickly as possible and to hit the target on a computer screen quickly and accurately (complicated task). We registered the maximal and mean movement speed, reaction time, movement trajectory and intraindividual variability of the right and the left hands. Conclusions. There was no significant difference in accuracy between female and male subjects, thought female subjects performed speed-accuracy task more slowly than men. Both males and females performed the speed-accuracy task with their right hand faster and more accurately than with their left hand. Performing movements with different hands the indices of reaction time did not differ significantly. Both males and females performed movements with their right and left hands with the same intraindividual variability.Keywords: movement control, reaction time, speed-accuracy task, right and left hand, gender. 

DECODING OF SIMPLE AND COMPOUND LIMB MOTOR IMAGERY MOVEMENTS BY FRACTAL ANALYSIS OF ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM (EEG) SIGNAL

Fractals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (03) ◽  
pp. 1950041 ◽  
Author(s):  
HAMIDREZA NAMAZI ◽  
TIRDAD SEIFI ALA
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Fractal Analysis ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Eeg Signal ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
The Brain

One of the major attempts in rehabilitation science is to decode different movements of human using physiological signals. Since human movements are mainly controlled by the brain, decoding of movements by analysis of the brain activity has great importance. In this paper, we apply fractal analysis to Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal in order to decode simple and compound limb motor imagery movements. The fractal dimension of EEG signal is analyzed in case of left hand, right hand, both hands, feet, left hand combined with right foot, and right hand combined with left foot movements. Based on the obtained results, EEG signal experiences the lowest and greatest fractal dimension in case of both hands movement, and feet movement, respectively. Besides obtaining different fractal dimension for EEG signal in case of different movements, no significant difference was observed in fractal dimension of EEG signal between different movements. The method of analysis employed in this research can be widely applied to analysis of EEG signal for decoding of different movements of human.

Long-term Physical Exercise Improves Finger Tapping of Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linlin Zhao ◽  
Guanghua Liu ◽  
Lingli Zhang ◽  
Yuxiang Du ◽  
Le Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Finger Tapping ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
The Impact

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease which has been characterized by progressive development of long onset early disease with complicated etiology, and may cause memory loss, cognitive impairment, and behavioral changes. Physical exercise may play a preventive role in AD. In the present study, we investigated the impact of longer-term physical exercise on finger tapping of AD patient by comparing the finger tapping of AD patients and heathy controls without AD. Methods: In this study, 140 subjects who aged ≥ 60 years were enrolled. Group A consisted of 70 subjects (27 males and 43 females) without exercise habits who selected from Yangpu District (Shanghai, China). Group B consisted of 70 subjects (27 males and 43 females) who selected from Minxing District (Shanghai, China). All the subjects were right-handed as well. The subjects’ data, including subjects’ age, weight, height, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and finger tapping frequency were measured. Results: The subjects were matched in age, weight, and height. The AD subjects’ MoCA and MMSE scores were noticeably lower than healthy subjects’ scores (P<0.001); besides, AD patients with exercise have significantly lower MoCA and MMSE scores than healthy controls with exercise (P<0.001). The finger tapping of AD subjects’ left hands was significantly lower than that of healthy subjects without AD (P<0.01), and AD subjects with exercise tapped significantly slower with left hand than healthy subjects with exercise (P<0.01). Meanwhile, AD subjects with exercise tapped significantly faster with left hand than AD subjects (P<0.05). The right hands of AD subjects tapped remarkably less than healthy subjects (P<0.01) with or without exercise. Meanwhile, subjects with exercise tapped significantly faster with right hand than healthy subjects (P<0.05), and AD subjects with exercise tapped significantly faster with right hand than AD subjects (P<0.05). Conclusion: Long-term physical exercises can improve finger tapping frequency, especially patients with AD. Finger tapping frequency may be used as an index to monitor cognitive decline in ageing AD patients.

scholarly journals The Effect of Straight-Line Long-Toss Versus Ultra-Long-Toss Throwing on Passive Glenohumeral Range of Motion Recovery After Pitching

2021 ◽  
pp. 194173812098001
Author(s):  
T. David Luo ◽  
Aaron D. Sciascia ◽  
Austin V. Stone ◽  
Chukwuweike U. Gwam ◽  
Christopher A. Grimes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Internal Rotation ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Baseball Pitchers

Background: Repetitive throwing in baseball pitchers can lead to pathologic changes in shoulder anatomy, range of motion (notably glenohumeral internal rotation deficit), and subsequent injury; however, the ideal strengthening, recovery, and maintenance protocol of the throwing shoulder in baseball remains unclear. Two strategies for throwing shoulder recovery from pitching are straight-line long-toss (SLT) throwing and ultra-long-toss (ULT) throwing, although neither is preferentially supported by empirical data. Hypothesis: ULT will be more effective in returning baseline internal rotation as compared with SLT in collegiate pitchers after a pitching session. Study Design: Cohort study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: A total of 24 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I baseball pitchers with mean age 20.0 ± 1.1 years were randomized to either the ULT group (n = 13; 9 right-hand dominant, 4 left-hand dominant) or SLT group (n = 11; 10 right-hand dominant, 1 left-hand dominant). Measurements (dominant and nondominant, 90° abducted external rotation [ER], internal rotation [IR], and total range of motion [TROM]) were taken at 5 time points across 3 days: before and immediately after a standardized bullpen session on day 1; before and immediately after a randomized standardized ULT or SLT session on day 2; and before practice on Day 3. Results: ULT demonstrated significantly greater final ER compared with baseline (+10°; P = 0.05), but did not demonstrate significant IR changes. Similarly, SLT demonstrated significantly greater post-SLT ER (+12°; P = 0.02) and TROM (+12°; P = 0.01) compared with baseline, but no significant IR changes. Final ER measurements were similar between ULT (135° ± 14°) and SLT (138° ± 10°) ( P = 0.59). There was also no statistically significant difference in final IR between ULT (51° ± 14°) and SLT (56° ± 8°) ( P = 0.27). Conclusion: The routine use of postperformance, ULT throwing to recover from range of motion alterations, specifically IR loss, after a pitching session is not superior to standard, SLT throwing. Based on these findings, the choice of postpitching recovery throwing could be player specific based on experience and comfort. Clinical Relevance: The most effective throwing regimens for enhancing performance and reducing residual impairment are unclear, and ideal recovery and maintenance protocols are frequently debated with little supporting data. Two strategies for throwing shoulder recovery from pitching are SLT and ULT throwing. These are employed to help maintain range of motion and limit IR loss in pitchers. The routine use of ULT throwing for recovery and to limit range of motion alterations after a pitching session is not superior to SLT throwing.

Effects of ipsilateral and crossed eye-hand dominance on catching performance in prepubescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
M. Akif Ziyagil ◽  
Inci Kesilmiş ◽  
Nevzat Demirci ◽  
M. Melih Kesilmiş
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Hand Dominance ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Eye Dominance ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

This study investigates the effects of ipsilateral and crossed hand-eye dominance on one and both hands catching performance (OHCP and BHCP) in participants aged 10 to 13 years. The combined groups including hand and eye dominance consisted of right handed-right eyed (RHRE), right handed-left eyed (RHLE), left handed-left eyed (LHLE) and left handed-right eyed (LHRE), respectively. In this study the mean values were only higher in the favor of LHLE females in left hand OHCP from 2 and 3 m distances. In other side, LHLE males had a higher mean values not only in left hand OHCP from 2 and 3 meters but also in the right hand OHCP from 3 meters. No significant difference was observed in BHCP among four groups in both genders. In conclusion, ipsilateral handeye dominance is an advantage for OHCP compared to cross dominance. Also left side had an advantage compare to the right side in OHCP. Keywords: Hand dominance; physical activity; gender.

Spatial Perception in Normal and Psychotic People

1978 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 799-802
Author(s):  
Linda Fagan-Dubin
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Ability ◽  
Spatial Perception ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Matching Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females

17 normal and 17 psychotic subjects, including schizophrenic, depressive, and delusional patients, were given a modified Arc-Circle Matching Test of spatial perception. There was no significant difference between the performance of the psychotic group and that of the control group in left-hand, right-hand, and total scores in this tactile test of spatial ability. Differences between males and females and between dextrals and non-dextrals were nonsignificant. Nevertheless, for all subjects, the left-hand scores were significantly superior to right-hand scores.

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