scholarly journals Deranged hembiosynthetic pathway in gasoline dispensers in Nigeria: Implications for risk of myeloproliferative disorders and chemoprevention

2022 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
John Ibhagbemien Anetor ◽  
Temidayo Olamide Adigun ◽  
Elizabeth Bosede Bolajoko ◽  
Gloria Oiyahumen Anetor ◽  
Bose Etaniamhe Orimadegun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Instability ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Myeloproliferative Disorders ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Regulatory Measures

Objectives: There is increasing exposure to petrochemicals, including benzene, particularly in the low and medium-income countries. Benzene is a component of many petrochemicals and a ubiquitous environmental pollutant. Phenol is one of its principal metabolites and serves as a biomarker of exposure to benzene. The mechanism of its toxicity is incompletely elucidated. Benzene’s interaction with key micronutrients; copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) in the haemopoietic system has only been poorly explored, particularly in the developing countries where their status is variable and uncertain, with attendant intense exposure to petrochemicals. Material and Methods: Two groups of 50 gasoline dispensers (GDs) and 50 non-occupationally exposed participants were selected from Oye Local Government Area, Nigeria. The duration of occupational exposure was 2–10 years. Serum levels of Cu, Fe, and Zn were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry while heme and phenol were determined by standard spectrophotometry. Results: Phenol was significantly higher in GDs (P = 0.000), compared to controls (P < 0.05). The micronutrients, Cu, Fe, and Zn were all significantly decreased in GDs compared to controls (P = 0.000 in all cases). Phenol and Fe demonstrated significant inverse correlation (r = −0.557, P = 0.00), while heme and Zn also exhibited inverse correlation respectively to phenol (r = −0.38, P = 0.01; r = −0.37, P = 0.01). Conclusion: These data suggest intense perturbation of the haemopoietic system in GDs; likely from altered xenobiotic metabolism requiring heme in cytochrome P450; cell cycle dysregulation, where Zn is pivotal, p53 suppression also dependent on Zn and oxidative stress all converging in haemopoietic dysregulation. Importantly, depression of these micronutrients implies potentiation of myelotoxicity and risk of myeloproliferation, probably arising from alterations in transcription, differentiation errors, genome instability, and derangement in cell signal transduction moderated by Zn; accentuating risk of myeloproliferation; suggesting a role for these micronutrients in chemoprevention. Understanding these events may be important in risk assessment, policy formulation, regulatory measures and chemoprevention in GDs and the general population.

Levels of heavy and essential trace metals and their correlation with antioxidant and health status in individuals occupationally exposed to municipal solid wastes

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 431-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adesina O Odewabi ◽  
Martins Ekor
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Antioxidant Markers

Recent studies have indicated an increased incidence of toxic neuropathies among waste management workers (WMW) possibly linked to increased detection of heavy metals in municipal solid wastes. The present study evaluated serum levels of some heavy and essential trace metals in relation to oxidant/antioxidant status of WMW. One hundred and twenty-six WMW and 84 non-WMW (control) were recruited. Metal/element concentration was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and oxidant/antioxidant markers were determined using standard procedures. The WMW exhibited significantly ( p < 0.001) decreased ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and higher levels of ceruloplasmin (Cp) and malondialdehyde. Iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) levels were significantly lower ( p < 0.05) and higher ( p < 0.001), respectively in WMW when compared with control while levels of other trace elements were not significantly different between these groups. Lead (Pb) and chromium levels were significantly higher ( p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively) in WMW while mercury levels were comparable with those of control subjects. In WMW, Cp ( r = −0.182; p > 0.05) and FRAP ( r = 0.277; p < 0.05) negatively and positively correlated with Pb, respectively, while a positive correlation was observed between zinc ( r = 0.230; p < 0.05) and Pb and between Cu ( r = 0.541; p > 0.001) and Fe. Overall, the decreased antioxidant capacity and increased oxidative stress observed in WMW in this study may be related to their blood levels of heavy and essential trace metals. Conscious efforts are required, therefore, to reduce risk and protect WMW from toxic neuropathies and other adverse health consequences of occupational exposure.

Levels of lead, aluminum, and zinc in occupationally exposed workers of North-Western India

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Preeti Singh ◽  
Prasenjit Mitra ◽  
Taru Goyal ◽  
Shailja Sharma ◽  
Purvi Purohit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Western India ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
North Western

Abstract Objectives Metals including lead (Pb), aluminum (Al), and zinc (Zn) are widely used in factories such as welding, handicrafts, and paint. Occupational exposure to such metals causes a wide range of biological effects, depending upon the metal levels and duration of exposure. Accumulation of these metals may lead to several adverse health effects such as neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. The study aimed to evaluate Pb, Al, and Zn levels in occupationally exposed workers of North-Western India and create awareness about its toxicity and adverse outcomes. Methods The study included 120 factory workers (exposed) and 100 healthy controls (nonexposed); age ranged 18–78 years. Blood Pb and serum Al was estimated by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry and serum Zn was estimated by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry (ICE 3000, Thermo Fisher Scientific). Results Results indicated significantly higher levels of Pb, Al, and Zn in the exposed than the nonexposed. No significant difference was observed in metal levels, based on age and duration of exposure. Painters showed higher blood Pb, whereas welders were found to have higher serum Al and Zn levels. Conclusions To conclude, workers showed higher levels of metals and it may cause deleterious effects on the health of workers occupationally exposed to these metals. Appropriate maintenance regarding worker’s safety and hygiene is required to protect them from the harmful effects of these toxic metals.

LEVELS OF VITAMIN C IN CHAIN SMOKERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simerpreet Kukreja
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Vitamin Supplementation ◽  
Dietary Vitamin

Introduction: Cigarette smoking induces many chronic illnesses, but in developed countries it is a preventable risk factor. However, by increasing the protective protection mechanism, it may be possible to alleviate the smoke-induced damage. As smoking risk is minimised by vitamin C intake, it is recommended that smokers should take more vitamin C. This inverse correlation between both vitamin C intake and serum levels and smoking was independent of age, sex, body weight, ethnicity, and consumption of alcoholic beverages. The negative association between cigarette smoking and serum vitamin C levels continued, following further adjustment for dietary vitamin C intake. The risk of severe hypovitaminosis C, especially when not accompanied by vitamin supplementation, has been increased in smokers. These data indicate that the inverse relationship between smoking and serum vitamin C levels exists independently of dietary intake, while smoking adversely affects preferences for vitamin C rich foods. Methods: A survey method was performed, with 50 smokers (S) receiving either 500 mg of vitamin C or placebo (P) daily for 4 weeks, and 50 non-smokers receiving vitamin C without supplementation. All finished the hearing. Both groups were equal and C: 14.2 + /- 1.8 pack-years was the amount of cigarettes smoked. Concentrations of plasma vitamin C increased significantly (p < 0.005) only in the vitamin C supplement community.  Results: At SMHRC Hospital Nagpur, we examined the relationship between smoking and vitamin C status, dietary and serum vitamin C levels of 100 participants. Smokers of 20 cigarettes a day had the lowest dietary intake of vitamin C and serum levels, whereas smokers of 1-19 cigarettes a day had lower intake of vitamin C and serum levels (compared to respondents who had never smoked. This inverse correlation between vitamin C and smoking intake and serum levels was independent of age, sex, body weight, race, and consumption of alcoholic beverages. The negative association between cigarette smoking and serum vitamin C levels continued, following further adjustment for dietary vitamin C intake. In smokers, the risk of severe hypo-vitaminosis C, particularly when not accompanied by vitamin supplementation, has increased. Conclusion: These data indicate that the inverse relationship between smoking and serum vitamin C levels exists independently of dietary intake, while smoking adversely affects preferences for vitamin C rich foods. A balanced diet for smokers will obtain a hearty recommendation at this time, but guidelines should remain cautious about high-dose nutrition supplements. Keywords: Chain Smoker, Vitamin C, hypo-vitaminosis C and cigarette.

scholarly journals Inverse correlation between baseline inhibin B and FSH after stimulation with GnRH: a study of serum levels of inhibin A and B, pro alpha-C and activin A in women with ovulatory disturbances before and after stimulation with GnRH

2000 ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
FW Casper ◽  
RJ Seufert ◽  
K Pollow
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Activin A ◽  
Inhibin B ◽  
Inhibin A ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pituitary Secretion ◽  
Objective Interest ◽  
A Minor

OBJECTIVE: Interest has focused recently on the influences of the polypeptide factors inhibin and activin on the selective regulation of the pituitary secretion of gonadotropins. DESIGN: Measurement of the concentrations of inhibin-related proteins in relation to the changes in pituitary gonadotropin (FSH, LH) parameters, after GnRH stimulation with a bolus injection of 100 microg gonadorelin, in 19 women with ovulatory disturbances. METHODS: Serum levels of inhibin A and B, activin A, and pro alpha-C were measured using sensitive ELISA kits. RESULTS: Within 60 min after GnRH stimulation, FSH values doubled from 5 to 10 mU/ml (P < 0.001). LH increased 12-fold from 2 to 24 mU/ml (P < 0.001). Activin A showed a significant decrease from 0.47 to 0.36 ng/ml (P < 0.001), whereas pro alpha-C increased from 127 to 156 pg/ml (P = 0.039). The median inhibin A concentration did not show a significant change between baseline and the 60 min value, whereas inhibin B was characterized by a minor, but not significant, increase in the median from 168 to 179 pg/ml (P = 0.408). A significant inverse correlation (P = 0.014) with a mean coefficient of correlation of 0.5516 was found, demonstrating a strong relationship between high inhibin B baseline levels and a small increase of FSH after 60 min. CONCLUSION: Our results show an interesting correlation between the baseline inhibin B and the change in FSH before and after GnRH stimulation. A high baseline inhibin B implies only a minor increase of FSH after 60 min.

Use of a flow-injection sample manipulator as an interface between a "high-performance" liquid chromatograph and an atomic absorption spectrophotometer.

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1546-1550 ◽  
Author(s):  
B W Renoe ◽  
C E Shideler ◽  
J Savory
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Flow Injection ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatograph ◽  
Liquid Chromatograph ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Column Eluate

Abstract We describe an integrated, molecular-absorbance, atomic absorption instrument for studying metal/ligand binding in clinical samples. For an interface between the "high-performance" liquid chromatograph and the atomic absorption instrument we used a flow-injection sample manipulator, thus allowing both the chromatograph and the atomic absorption detector to operate at their separate optimum conditions. After specimen separation with a gel permeation column, we measured the molecular components of the column eluate by molecular absorbance spectrometry and the atomic components (calcium and magnesium) by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. This instrument system is capable of separating and analyzing multiple components within 20 min of injection of the sample on the column. The chromatograms presented demonstrate the utility of the system for investigating metal binding to a variety of ligands in clinical samples.

scholarly journals Serum levels of Cadmium, Calcium, Lead and Iron in Schizophrenic Patients

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pinky Karim ◽  
Md. Iqbal Hossain ◽  
AFM Nazmus Sadat ◽  
Zabun Nahar ◽  
Md. Khalid Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Schizophrenic Disorder ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Calcium Lead ◽  
Exact Correlation

The serum concentration of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), calcium (Ca) and iron (Fe) in 30 schizophrenic patients and 30 normal healthy subjects were analyzed by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. The concentrations of Cd, Pb and Ca in schizophrenic disorder patients was not increased significantly (P > 0.05) compared to that of the cohort controls. But the concentration of Fe in schizophrenic patients was significantly different from that of the cohort control (p < 0.000). The change in serum concentration of different trace elements may have some prognostic significance for the diagnosis of schizophrenic disorder. However further work is suggested to examine the exact correlation between trace elements level and the degree of disorder in schizophrenic patients. Key words: Schizophrenic patients, trace elements, clinical significance Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. Vol.5(1-2) 2006 The full text is of this article is available at the Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. website

scholarly journals Calcemia and Inflammatory Markers in Early-Onset Neonatal Infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
Štěpán Kutílek ◽  
Martina Vracovská ◽  
Kamila Pečenková ◽  
Hana Brožíková ◽  
Richard Pikner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Laboratory Markers ◽  
Weak Negative Correlation

Introduction: Ionised hypocalcemia (S-Ca2+) has been repeatedly observed in neonates with sepsis. Our aim was to evaluate total calcemia (S-Ca) and its relationship to laboratory markers of infection. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated total calcemia (S-Ca) and its relationship to laboratory markers of sepsis/infection (serum levels of C-reactive protein – S-CRP and procalcitonin – S-PCT) in 29 full-term neonates with early-onset neonatal infection hospitalized at our neonatology ward between 2012 and 2016. The control group consisted of 705 neonates without infection. Results: In neonates with early-onset infection , the S-Ca on day 1, 2 and 3 was significantly lower (p < 0.0001; p < 0.0001; p = 0.05 versus controls) same as the pooled S-Ca (p < 0.0001 versus controls). There was a weak negative correlation between pooled S-Ca and S-PCT, or pooled S-Ca and S-CRP (r = −0.22, p = 0.06; r = −0.19, p = 0.09). Conclusion: S-Ca was decreased in neonates with early-onset infection and did show a slight tendency to inverse correlation with S-CRP and S-PCT. Pediatricians must be aware of the fact that a drop in total S-Ca should alert their attention to the risk of neonatal infection, and, likewise, that the children with neonatal infection are at a higher risk of hypocalcemia with all its consequences.

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