Levels of heavy and essential trace metals and their correlation with antioxidant and health status in individuals occupationally exposed to municipal solid wastes

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 431-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adesina O Odewabi ◽  
Martins Ekor
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Antioxidant Markers

Recent studies have indicated an increased incidence of toxic neuropathies among waste management workers (WMW) possibly linked to increased detection of heavy metals in municipal solid wastes. The present study evaluated serum levels of some heavy and essential trace metals in relation to oxidant/antioxidant status of WMW. One hundred and twenty-six WMW and 84 non-WMW (control) were recruited. Metal/element concentration was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and oxidant/antioxidant markers were determined using standard procedures. The WMW exhibited significantly ( p < 0.001) decreased ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) and higher levels of ceruloplasmin (Cp) and malondialdehyde. Iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) levels were significantly lower ( p < 0.05) and higher ( p < 0.001), respectively in WMW when compared with control while levels of other trace elements were not significantly different between these groups. Lead (Pb) and chromium levels were significantly higher ( p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively) in WMW while mercury levels were comparable with those of control subjects. In WMW, Cp ( r = −0.182; p > 0.05) and FRAP ( r = 0.277; p < 0.05) negatively and positively correlated with Pb, respectively, while a positive correlation was observed between zinc ( r = 0.230; p < 0.05) and Pb and between Cu ( r = 0.541; p > 0.001) and Fe. Overall, the decreased antioxidant capacity and increased oxidative stress observed in WMW in this study may be related to their blood levels of heavy and essential trace metals. Conscious efforts are required, therefore, to reduce risk and protect WMW from toxic neuropathies and other adverse health consequences of occupational exposure.

Extractability of trace metals during co-composting of biosolids and municipal solid wastes

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Théophile Paré ◽  
Henri Dinel ◽  
Morris Schnitzer
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes

Comparison of the concentration of trace metals (Ni, Zn, Co, Cu and Se), Fe, vitamins A, C and E, and lipid peroxidation in patients with prostate cancer

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Habibe Ozmen ◽  
Fatih Ahmet Erulas ◽  
Fikret Karatas ◽  
Alaaddin Cukurovali ◽  
Orhan Yalcin
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Human Prostate Cancer ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry

AbstractThe anticarcinogenic and antioxidant properties of vitamins A, C, E and pro- or antioxidant properties of trace metals have recently attracted increased attention. We examined the levels of antioxidant vitamins (A, C and E), selenium and malondialdehyde (MDA), and trace metals (Fe, Ni, Zn, Co and Cu) in patients with prostate cancer. In total, 41 subjects (21 controls and 20 prostate cancer patients) were included in the study. The levels of trace elements and Fe in whole blood were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Serum levels of Se were determined using a fluorimetric method, while a HPLC method was used for serum levels of vitamins and MDA. The levels of vitamins A and E were significantly lower and MDA levels were significantly higher (p<0.001) in patients with prostate cancer compared to controls. Serum vitamin C was significantly lower in patients with prostate cancer when compared to controls (p<0.01). Moreover, Se and Zn levels were also significantly lower, and levels of Ni, Co, and Cu were higher (p<0.001) in patients with prostate cancer than in controls. Fe levels were not significantly different in patients compared to controls (p>0.05). Our findings, together with the results of previous animal studies, suggest that the administration of vitamins A, C, and E, and Se and Zn may be beneficial in the prevention and treatment of human prostate cancer.

scholarly journals Deranged hembiosynthetic pathway in gasoline dispensers in Nigeria: Implications for risk of myeloproliferative disorders and chemoprevention

2022 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
John Ibhagbemien Anetor ◽  
Temidayo Olamide Adigun ◽  
Elizabeth Bosede Bolajoko ◽  
Gloria Oiyahumen Anetor ◽  
Bose Etaniamhe Orimadegun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Instability ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Myeloproliferative Disorders ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Occupationally Exposed ◽  
Regulatory Measures

Objectives: There is increasing exposure to petrochemicals, including benzene, particularly in the low and medium-income countries. Benzene is a component of many petrochemicals and a ubiquitous environmental pollutant. Phenol is one of its principal metabolites and serves as a biomarker of exposure to benzene. The mechanism of its toxicity is incompletely elucidated. Benzene’s interaction with key micronutrients; copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) in the haemopoietic system has only been poorly explored, particularly in the developing countries where their status is variable and uncertain, with attendant intense exposure to petrochemicals. Material and Methods: Two groups of 50 gasoline dispensers (GDs) and 50 non-occupationally exposed participants were selected from Oye Local Government Area, Nigeria. The duration of occupational exposure was 2–10 years. Serum levels of Cu, Fe, and Zn were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry while heme and phenol were determined by standard spectrophotometry. Results: Phenol was significantly higher in GDs (P = 0.000), compared to controls (P < 0.05). The micronutrients, Cu, Fe, and Zn were all significantly decreased in GDs compared to controls (P = 0.000 in all cases). Phenol and Fe demonstrated significant inverse correlation (r = −0.557, P = 0.00), while heme and Zn also exhibited inverse correlation respectively to phenol (r = −0.38, P = 0.01; r = −0.37, P = 0.01). Conclusion: These data suggest intense perturbation of the haemopoietic system in GDs; likely from altered xenobiotic metabolism requiring heme in cytochrome P450; cell cycle dysregulation, where Zn is pivotal, p53 suppression also dependent on Zn and oxidative stress all converging in haemopoietic dysregulation. Importantly, depression of these micronutrients implies potentiation of myelotoxicity and risk of myeloproliferation, probably arising from alterations in transcription, differentiation errors, genome instability, and derangement in cell signal transduction moderated by Zn; accentuating risk of myeloproliferation; suggesting a role for these micronutrients in chemoprevention. Understanding these events may be important in risk assessment, policy formulation, regulatory measures and chemoprevention in GDs and the general population.

CLEAN UTILIZATION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES AND ALTERNATIVE FUELS DERIVED FROM IT

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-209
Author(s):  
Alexander Topal ◽  
◽  
Iryna Holenko ◽  
Luidmyla Haponych ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Clean Technologies

For the municipal solid waste (MSW) to be used in a proper way, it is necessary to implement clean technologies capable of thermal treatment of MSW and RDF in order to produce heat and electricity while meeting current ecological requirements. Nowadays, a number of technologies for MSW/RDF thermal treating are being used worldwide. Among them, the most proven technologies, applicable for industrial introduction, have been considered while analyzing their advantages/ disadvantages accounting for local conditions of Ukraine.

Assessment of heavy metals in tobacco of cigarettes commonly sold in Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cigarette Tobacco ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Wet Digestion ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Cu And Zn ◽  
Significant Flux

A significant flux of heavy metals, among other toxins, reaches the lungs through smoking. This study reports Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn contents in tobacco of 11 brands of cigarette commonly sold in Ethiopia. The heavy metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry after wet digestion of cigarette tobacco using HNO3 and H2O2. The concentration of trace metals in the cigarettes ranged (mean) (μg/g), Cd: 1.3−7.6 (2.48±0.32), Pb: 0.50−12.50 (6.24±2.2), Cu: 2.89−25.35 (13.70±4.12) and Zn: 24.40−62.55 (36.22±7.50) while Ni was not detected in all the eleven brands of cigarettes. Comparable levels of trace metals were obtained in the tobacco of both imported and Ethiopian cigarettes. The average trace metal contents of cigarettes available in Ethiopia were Cd 1.82±0.39, Pb 4.23±0.97, Cu 10.2±3.1 and Zn 28.2±7.8 μg/cigarette and a person who smokes 20 cigarettes per day is estimated to increase his/her daily Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn retention by approximately 0.036, 0.085, 0.204, 0.564 mg/day, respectively. The results indicate that smoking and exposure to cigarette smoke is a serious problem to be taken into account when carrying out epidemiological studies on human exposure to trace metals.

Conditioning of oily sludges with municipal solid wastes incinerator fly ash

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tay Joo Hwa ◽  
S. Jeyaseelan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Capillary Suction ◽  
Optimum Dosage

Conditioning of sludges improves dewatering characteristics and reduces the quantity of sludge to be handled. Anaerobic digested sludge collected from a sewage treatment plant contained 1.8% to 8% oil. The increase of specific resistance and capillary suction time (CST) with increasing oil content observed in these samples indicates the interference of oil in dewatering. It has been found that addition of municipal solid wastes incinerator fly ash decreases the specific resistances and capillary suction times of oily sludges rapidly up to 3% dosage. Beyond 3% fly ash, the decrease is less significant and the solids content in the sludge cake increases. This optimum dosage remains the same for sludges with varying oil contents from 1.8% to 12%. The total suspended solids of filtrate decreases with fly ash dosage but the toxic concentrations of heavy metals increases considerably. However at the optimum dosage of 3%, concentrations of heavy metals are within the limits for discharging into the sewers. The correlations of CST with the dewatering characteristics such as specific resistance, filter yield and corrected filter yield are established. These correlations can be used to obtain a quick prediction on dewaterability.

Changes in growth rate and thyroid- and sex-hormones blood levels in rats under sub-chronic lithium treatment

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Allagui ◽  
N Hfaiedh ◽  
C Vincent ◽  
F Guermazi ◽  
J-C Murat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Lithium Treatment ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Vaginal Mucosa ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Dose Dependent

Lithium therapy, mainly used in curing some psychiatric diseases, is responsible for numerous undesirable side effects. The present study is a contribution to the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying lithium toxicity. Male and female mature rats were divided into three batches and fed commercial pellets: one batch was the control and the second and third batches were given 2 g (Li1) and 4 g (Li2) of lithium carbonate/kg of food/day, respectively. After 7, 14, 21 and 28 days, serum levels of free tri-iodothyronine (FT3), thyroxine (FT4), testosterone and estradiol were measured. Attention was also paid to growth rate and a histological examination of testes or vaginal mucosa was carried out. In treated rats, a dose-dependent loss of appetite and a decrease in growth rate were observed, together with symptoms of polydypsia, polyuria and diarrhea. Lithium serum concentrations increased from 0.44 mM (day 7) to 1.34 mM (day 28) in Li1 rats and from 0.66 to 1.45 mM (day 14) in Li2 rats. Li2 treatment induced a high mortality after 14 days, reaching 50-60% in female and male animals. From these data, the LD50 (14 days Li2 chronic treatment) was calculated to be about 0.3 g/day per kilogram of animal, leading to Li serum concentrations of about 1.4 mM. A significant decrease of FT3 and FT4 was observed in treated rats. This effect appeared immediately for the highest dose and was more pronounced for FT3, resulting in an increase of the FT4/FT3 ratio. In males, testosterone decreased and spermatogenesis was stopped. Conversely, in females, estradiol increased in a dose-dependent manner as the animals were blocked in the diestrus phase at day 28. This finding supports a possible antagonistic effect of lithium on the estradiol receptors.

Decreased Cysteine and Glutathione Levels: Possible Determinants of Liver Toxicity Risk in Ghanaian Subjects

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
N-A Ankrah ◽  
T Rikimaru ◽  
F A Ekuban ◽  
M M Addae
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Malonic Dialdehyde ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Liver Inflammation ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Group 1

Cysteine, methionine, vitamin A, β-carotene and glutathione (GSH) are known to protect body tissues against oxidative damage and inflammation but their value as protection against liver inflammation in tropical areas has received little attention. Blood levels of these nutrients were measured in Ghanaian volunteers with (Group 2) or without (Group 1) increased lipid peroxidation and signs of liver inflammation, as indicated by blood malonic dialdehyde, serum α1-antitrypsin and triglyceride levels, and the α1-acid glycoprotein: pre-albumin ratio. Serum levels of cysteine and blood glutathione were significantly lower ( P < 0.02) in group 2 than in group 1 volunteers. In contrast, serum levels of methionine, vitamin A and β-carotene were similar in both groups. Deficits in cysteine and glutathione may increase the risk of liver toxicity from oxidants in Ghanaians.

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