scholarly journals Association of sflt-1 as a maternal serum biomarker in preeclampsia: A case–control tertiary care hospital based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Krishnaveni Changalvala ◽  
P. Kiranmayee ◽  
C. V. Raghuveer ◽  
S. R. Sheela ◽  
K. V. Venkateshu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Intrauterine Death ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cytotrophoblast Cell

Objectives: Preeclampsia (PE) is a multisystemic disorder portrayed by the new beginning of circulatory pressure more noteworthy than 140/90 mmHg and proteinuria with 0.3 g in a 24 h on dip stick emerging after 20 weeks of incubation. The hidden pathophysiology of PE includes endothelial brokenness and vasospasm beginning principally in the placenta. The unusual growth of blood vessels in placenta leads to poor perfusion. This relative hypoxic condition in placenta causes arrival of antiangiogenic factors into the maternal blood dissemination which prompts the modifications in maternal fundamental endothelial functions and causes hypertension. Soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase (sFlt) can form a heterodimer, binding with vascular endothelial growth Factor A and placental growth factor. In preeclamptic subjects, there will be an imbalance in anti-angiogenesis factors and there will be incomplete arterial transformation and cytotrophoblast cell division. Due to imbalance in sFlt levels in preeclamptic women it effects in the blood vessels by constriction and leads to endothelial dysfunction. This study aim is to compare the maternal serum concentration of sFlt levels in normotensive pregnant women to preeclamptic women in early and late gestational weeks. Material and Methods: Out of 300 participants in the case–control study, 150 were preeclamptic women as cases and 150 as normotensive pregnant women as controls participated in the present study. A 5 ml of maternal venous blood was collected; the serum was separated and stored at –800°C till the analysis. Using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits from Chongqing Biospes Co., Ltd., (suppliers: Infobio Company, New Delhi) was measured with ELISA microplate reader at 450 nm (Merilyzer Eiaquant Company). Results: Out of 300 participants in the study, 46 pregnant women were early gestational weeks and 254 were late gestational weeks. The complications due to severe PE such as intrauterine death are 15%, intrauterine fetal growth retardation 33%, and premature 15%. The statistical analyses were performed by Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences Software 22. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve is 0.82, with 91% sensitivity, and 79% specificity. The significance in the maternal serum sFlt levels was calculated by the Mann–Whitney U-test. By comparing the cases and controls, it was found that maternal serum sFlt1 were significantly higher in preeclamptic women with Z = 2.96 and U = 9021 with P = 0.005 significance. Conclusion: This is the first South Indian study. If we compare the sFlt1 levels in early and late gestational weeks, in late gestational weeks in controls and PE the levels were highly significant than early gestational weeks of PE and controls. Maternal serum sFlt can be used as a preeclamptic diagnostic marker in South Eastern Kolar population.

scholarly journals Prevalence and clinical correlation of hepatitis E virus antibody in the patients’ serum samples from a tertiary care hospital in Thailand during 2015–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Atiporn Boonyai ◽  
Anchalee Thongput ◽  
Thidarat Sisaeng ◽  
Parisut Phumchan ◽  
Navin Horthongkham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Antibody Detection ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igm Antibodies

Abstract Background Prevalence and incidence of hepatitis caused by HEV infection are usually higher in developing countries. This study demonstrated the HEV seroprevalence and incidence of HEV infection in patients with clinical hepatitis in a tertiary hospital in Thailand. Methods A laboratory-based cross-sectional study was conducted using 1106 serum samples from patients suspected of HEV infection sent to the Serology laboratory, Siriraj Hospital, for detecting HEV antibodies during 2015–2018. Prevalence of anti-HEV IgG and IgM antibodies in general patients, including organ transplant recipients and pregnant women in a hospital setting, were determined using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Comparison of laboratory data between groups with different HEV serological statuses was performed. Results HEV IgG antibodies were detected in 40.82% of 904 serum samples, while HEV IgM antibodies were detected in 11.75% of 1081 serum samples. Similar IgG and IgM antibody detection rates were found in pregnant women. Interestingly, anti-HEV IgM antibodies were detected in 38.5% of patients who underwent organ transplantation. Patients who tested positive for anti-HEV IgM antibodies had higher alanine aminotransferase levels than those who had not. In contrast, patients who tested positive for anti-HEV IgG had more elevated levels of total bilirubin than those who tested negative. Conclusions HEV seroprevalence and incidence in patients with clinical hepatitis were relatively high in the Thai population, including the pregnancy and organ transplant subgroups. The results potentially benefit the clinicians in decision-making to investigate HEV antibodies and facilitating proper management for patients.

scholarly journals Apelin 13 and Blood Pressure, Is there any Association in Pre-eclampsia? - A Case-control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev Gandham ◽  
CD Dayanand ◽  
SR Sheela
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Study

Introduction: Pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy specific disorder, characterised by the onset of hypertension and proteinuria. Pre-eclampsia is the leading cause of maternal, perinatal morbidity and mortality. The exact cause of pre-eclampsia is not known clearly and needs to be explored. Aim: To evaluate the maternal serum apelin 13 levels among pre-eclampsia and healthy pregnant women and also, to find the association between apelin 13 and blood pressure. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted between Department of Biochemistry and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, RL Jalappa Hospital and Research Centre, Kolar, Karnataka, India. After approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee and written informed consent from study subjects, a total of 270 pregnant women were recruited for this study. Among them, 135 pre-eclamptic women were considered as cases and 135 normotensive healthy pregnant women served as controls. According to the pre-eclampsia severity, cases were grouped into mild (n=47) and severe pre-eclampsia (n=88). Blood samples were collected from all the study subjects and was analysed for apelin 13 by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Maternal and foetal adverse outcomes were recorded. Results were expressed as mean±Standard Deviation (SD). Categorical variables were expressed in percentages. Spearman’s correlation was applied and p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean gestational age was 36.66±3.69 weeks which was, significantly low in pre-eclamptic women compared with healthy pregnant women. BMI (26.94±3.81 kg/m2), systolic (157.82±15.14 mmHg), diastolic (101.68±11.02 mmHg) and Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) (120.20±11.12 mmHg), pulse rate (88.14±5.82 bpm), Aspartate Transaminase (AST) (25.25±12.49 IU/L) and Alanine Transaminase (ALT) (19.01±10.95 IU/L) were significantly increased in pre-eclamptic women when compared with control group. Mean maternal serum apelin 13 (341.44±218.63 pg/mL) concentrations were significantly lower in pre-eclampsia compared with healthy pregnant women. Maternal serum apelin 13 concentrations were negatively correlated with Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) (r = -0.196), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) (r = -0.172) and MAP (r =-0.204). Adverse maternal outcomes such as epigastric pain 75 (55.55%), oedema 62 (45.92%) and persistent headache 35 (25.92%) were higher in pre-eclamptic group. Additionally, adverse foetal outcomes were more in pre-eclamptic cases including significantly decreased birth weight (2.40±0.65), babies requiring Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) admission were 54 (40%), preterm birth (≤37 wks) in 50 (37.03%), Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) 31 (22.96%), Small for Gestational Age (SGA) in 4 (2.96%) and Intra Uterine Death (IUD) in 11 (8.14%) babies. Conclusion: It was concluded from the present study that there was low maternal serum apelin 13 concentrations in pre-eclampsia and had negative correlation with blood pressure, suggesting its potential role in the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia.

scholarly journals A case control study on behavioural risk factors of anaemia among pregnant women delivered at a tertiary care hospital in Haryana

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 3062
Author(s):  
Sunny Ohlan ◽  
S. K. Jha ◽  
Parul Singhal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Control Study

Background: Anaemia in pregnancy (AIP) is one of the most common preventable causes of maternal morbidity and poor prenatal outcome. World Health Organization (WHO) has accepted up to 11 gm/dl as the normal hemoglobin (Hb) level in pregnancy. In Haryana state, the prevalence of anaemia among pregnant women is 50.2% in urban areas and 58.1% in rural areas. Pregnant women are predominantly susceptible to nutritional deficiencies because of the increased metabolic demands imposed by pregnancy and its related factors. The aim and objective of the study was to determine the behavioural factors associated with anaemia among pregnant women delivering at a tertiary care hospital in Haryana.Methods: This hospital-based case control study was carried out in BPS Government Medical College for Women, Khanpur Kalan, Sonipat (Haryana). Study was conducted for one year. One hundred sixty-eight pregnant women were enrolled for study. Inclusion criteria for cases and controls was age of 18 years and above and residents of Sonepat district. Analysis was performed by using R statistical software.Results: The majority 57 (67.9%) of cases and 49 (58.3%) of controls were in age group of 18-24 years. Among different behavioral risk factors studied, not using bed nets, not wearing shoes consistently, eating pica and no use of the other drugs during pregnancy were significantly associated with anemia during pregnancy. However, on Multivariable Logistic regression analysis, the major behavioral risk factors for anemia were not using bed net during pregnancy (AOR: 1.83, 95% CI: 0.68-5.01), and not wearing shoes consistently during pregnancy (AOR: 2.77, 95% CI: 0.83-10.01). The odds of getting anaemia in pregnant mothers who reported pica during their pregnancy was AOR = 2.85 (CI: 0.90 – 10.01) than odds of mothers who did not report pica during their pregnancy.Conclusions: Consistent use of bed net, wearing shoes and not consuming pica prevent anaemia during pregnancy. 

Obstetric outcomes of HIV positive mothers in tertiary care hospital

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Shahida Husain Tarar ◽  
Muhammad Afzal ◽  
Hamna Atta ◽  
Syed Muhammad Ali Shah
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Obstetric Outcomes ◽  
Intrauterine Death ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
History Of ◽  
Immunodeficiency Syndrome ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the pregnancy outcome of human immunodeficiency syndrome-positive mothers. Method: The prospective observational study was conducted at the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Teaching Hospital, Gujrat, Pakistan, from June 2011 to March 2018, and comprised pregnant women screened positive for human immunodeficiency syndrome. Risk factors and perinatal outcomes were noted on a predesigned proforma. Data was analysed usingh SPSS 20. Results: Of the 74 subjects with a mean age of 29+5.27 years, 63(85.1%) were multiparous and 11(14.9%) were nulliparous. Major risk factors included unsterilized nasal or ear piercing in 70(94.6%) subjects, history of blood transfusion 57(77%) and history of dental procedure in unsterilized settings 23(31.1%). Spouses of 43(58.1%) subjects were positive for human immunodeficiency syndrome, 22(29.7%) were negative and 9(12.2%) had unknown status in this regard. In terms of outcome, 12(16.3%) subjects had spontaneous abortion, 11(12.2%) had intrauterine death of foetus, 6(8.1%) had preterm delivery and 45(60.8%) reached full term and were delivered. There were 2(2.6%) patients with stage 4 disease who died during pregnancy. Conclusion: Human immunodeficiency syndrome infection in pregnant women was found to be associated with poor pregnancy outcome. Key Words: HIV, Pregnancy, Pakistan, Perinatal, Risk factors. Continuous...

scholarly journals Effect of the Obesity on Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Pregnant Women Presenting to Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 3527-3529
Author(s):  
Sana Islam ◽  
Sadia Anwar ◽  
Humaira Bashir ◽  
Safia Khan ◽  
Ammara Pirzada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
High Birth Weight ◽  
Intrauterine Death ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Case Series Study

Background: Obesity is well considered a well known risk factor for obstetric complications like pre eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, intrauterine death, dysfunctional labour, meconium stained amniotic fluid, cesarean section, high birth weight and shoulder dystocia. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of maternal and fetal outcome in obese pregnant women. Material and Methods: This descriptive case series study was conducted in department of obstetrics and gynaecology, FGPC, Islamabad from Aug 1, 2017 to Feb 1, 2018. A total of 250 consecutive antenatal women with BMI > 30 Kg/m2 were included in the study. BMI was calculated according to weight and height of the patient using the formula Kg/m2. RESULTS: Out of 250 primigravidas , 84.4% had BMI of 30-35 Kg/m2 and 15 % BMI of 36-40 Kg/m2 . Gestational diabetes was diagnosed in 51 (20.4%) cases. Preeclampsia was observed in 12 (4.8%) patients. Seventy pts (28%) patients ended on cesarean section, 21 (8.4%) cases had induction of labour and 9 (3.6%) had pre term birth. Apgar score (>7) was seen in 61 (24.4%) cases. Macrosomia was observed in 55 (22%) cases. 20 (8%) patients had stillbirth. Conclusions: Maternal obesity in pregnancy is associated with high maternal and fetal complications. Keywords: complications. fetal, maternal; morbidity ,Obesity, overweight-; risk factors

scholarly journals Severity of Maternal Anemia and Feto-Maternal Outcome at Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
Raheela Rani Junejo ◽  
Nousheen Memon ◽  
Nazia Memon ◽  
Ali Faraz Shaikh ◽  
Abdul Ghaffar Dars
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Haemoglobin Level ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Maternal Outcome ◽  
Intrauterine Death ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Maternal Anemia ◽  
Vaginal Deliveries

Objective: To determine the severity of anemia among pregnant women and its impact on feto-maternal outcome at tertiary care Hospital. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study; conducted at gynae department of LUMHS; during 6 months from November 2019 to April 2020. Women with age >15 years, visited antenatal clinic and admitted for delivery and those who were admitted through emergency with labour pain and either of parity were included. A 3 ml fresh blood sample was taken from each woman and was sent immediately to the Hospital diagnostic laboratory for the assessment of haemoglobin level. Mothers having haemoglobin levels <11 g/dL, were considered as anemic. All the information regarding feto-maternal outcome, in terms of maternal and fetal complications including prolonged Hospital stays mortality were documented via self-made study proforma. Data analysis was done by using SPSS version 20. Results: Total 150 pregnant women were enrolled. Maternal mean age was 26.83+4.13 years and mean gestational age was 35.96+2.61 weeks. Most of the women utilized an unsatisfactory diet. Out of all, 83(55.3%) women underwent C-sections and 67(44.7%) underwent normal vaginal deliveries. majority of the women 90(60.0%) underwent blood transfusion. Maternal anemia was highly prevalent (90.7%). Moderate anemia was most common in 64(42.7%) women, followed by mild anemia among 39(26.0%) women, and 33(22.0%) women were severely anemic, while only 14(09.3%) were found with normal haemoglobin level. According to maternal and fetal outcomes, 02.7% women had acute kidney injury, 02.0% had blood transfusion reaction, pre-eclampsia was seen in 06.0% women, 04.7% women were admitted in ICU and mortality rate was 04.7%. Pre-term birth rate was 35.3%, ABG was seen in 26.7% of the cases, early neonatal death rate was 02.0%, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission rate was 02.7% and intrauterine death was 15.3%. Conclusions: Severity of anemia observed to be highly prevalent in our population and found to be associated with adverse feto-maternal outcomes.

scholarly journals Comparison of serum homocysteine level among preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women: a case-control study in a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1784
Author(s):  
Kavya Ananthathirtha ◽  
Pracheth Raghuveer
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Serum Homocysteine ◽  
Total Homocysteine ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Control Study

Background: It has been postulated that hyperhomocysteinemia may be associated with preeclampsia, as the vascular changes mediated by homocysteine are similar to the changes that occur in preeclampsia. In this context, the study was conducted to compare maternal serum levels of total homocysteine in preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women attending a tertiary care hospital in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.Methods: A prospective case-control study was carried out in the inpatient wards and the outpatient department (OPD) of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (OBG) at a tertiary care hospital of Coimbatore, for one year from March 2015 to April 2016. Pregnant women with preeclampsia were considered as cases and women without any medical or other obstetric and fetal complications were selected as controls. A pre-designed and pre-tested proforma was used to collect the appropriate information. The assessments were conducted using standard procedures.Results: The study population comprised of 50 cases and equal number of controls. Around 28.0% of the cases had severe preeclampsia. The mean serum homocysteine values among cases was 13.87±4.01 µmol/L. The difference in the mean serum homocysteine level among cases and controls was statistically significant (p <0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the mean serum homocysteine levels among women with severe and mild preeclampsia (p=0.731).Conclusions: Maternal serum levels of total homocysteine were found to be significantly higher among preeclamptic women when compared to normotensive women. Thus, estimation of serum homocysteine levels among preeclamptic women may serve as a biomarker for identifying those at risk for complications.

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Bacteriuria among Pregnant Women Attending Tertiary Care Hospital in Lucknow, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Naimshree Sonkar ◽  
Malay Banerjee ◽  
Suman Gupta ◽  
Absar Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Haemoglobin Level ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli

Introduction: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is the presence of actively multiplying bacteria within the urinary tract with absence of any symptoms, resulting in adverse pregnancy outcomes. This research study was done in order to review prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility profile, and factors associated with ASB occurring in female patients who are pregnant and being treated at a tertiary care hospital in Lucknow, India. Method and Materials: This is a cross-sectional study done among 216 pregnant women attending a hospital for antenatal check-ups. Clean catch midstream urine samples were collected and examined microscopically, and semi-quantitative culture was done on blood agar and MacConkey agar. Isolates were identified by colony morphology and biochemical tests, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by using the Kirby-Bauer method. Results: Of the 216 pregnant women, 36 (16.7%) tested positive for ASB. The female gestational period, haemoglobin level, and BMI were significantly associated with ASB. Logistic regression also showed that higher haemoglobin level was less likely to ASB (AOR = 0.42, 95% confidence interval: 0.202–0.88, p = 0.021). The predominant and usual isolates were E. coli (n = 22, 61.1%), followed by Cons (n = 6, 16.7%), and S. aureus (3, 8.3%). All Gram-negative isolates were mostly sensitive to most of the drugs like piperacillin-tazobactam, cefepime, nitrofurantoin, and meropenem but were 100% resistant to ampicillin. Similarly, Gram-positive isolates were sensitive to ampicillin, vancomycin, linezolid, and nitrofurantoin but 100% resistant to co-trimoxazole. Conclusion: The present study shows the existence of ASB was 16.7% among women who are pregnant. Pregnancy duration, haemoglobin level, and BMI were significantly associated with ASB. The isolates identified more frequently were E. coli (61.16%), Cons (16.7%), and S. aureus (8.3%). All isolates which were Gram-negative were mostly sensitive to most of the drugs but were 100% resistant to ampicillin. Similarly, Gram-positive isolates were sensitive to most of the drugs but 100% resistant to co-trimoxazole.

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