scholarly journals Assessment of losses caused to the indigenous peoples of the North in the Taimyr Dolgano-Nenets District of the Krasnoyarsk Territory due to the diesel spill at TPP-3 in Norilsk

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-265
Author(s):  
I.V. Samsonova ◽  
◽  
I.M. Potravny ◽  
M.B. Pavlova ◽  
L.A. Semyonova ◽  
...  

The authors consider the issues of assessment and compensation of losses caused to the indigenous peoples of the North due to the diesel spill on May 29, 2020 at TPP-3 in Norilsk. They carried out the assessment of these losses within the framework of the public ethnological expertize of the contamination consequences of the native habitat of indigenous peoples in the Taimyr Dolgano-Nenets District of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, initiated by the Association of Indigenous Peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of the Russian Federation. According to the authors’ estimates, the amount of losses due to the impact of the diesel spill on traditional cropping, primarily on fisheries, will amount to 175.2 million in a lump sum. Compensation is due to 699 people from among the indigenous peoples of Taimyr, their tribal communities.

Sibirica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-77
Author(s):  
Alena V. Ivanova

This article covers the process of identity construction in children; this process defines the focus of Russian educational policy, which also provides a venue for alternative ways to implement it. The article presents research on designing a system to form national, regional, and ethnocultural identity in children of the indigenous people of the North via the curriculum and teaching aids. The article examines regions of Russia inhabited by indigenous small-numbered peoples, as well as their distinctive features, which have a significant impact on the process of identity construction in children of the North. This has revealed the specific character of the large formation of positive types of identity within the educational system.


2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Andreyevna Zmyvalova

The preservation of the traditional livelihood of the indigenous peoples of the Russian North is one of the State’s policy priorities in the Russian Federation. This is declared in such documents as, inter alia, the Development Strategy of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation and the National Security for the period up to 2020 and the Paper on the Sustainable Development of the Indigenous Small-Numbered Peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of Russia for the period up to 2025. Fishing is one of the basic traditional practices for the indigenous peoples of the Russian North. Despite the legal recognition of the right to traditional fishing of indigenous peoples, the practical realization of this right is complicated. While analysing the current situation, the author attempts to shed some light on the reasons of the problematic realization of this right.


Author(s):  
Alexander A. Petrov ◽  
Veronica A. Razumovskaya

The article is devoted to the problem of ethnolinguistic ecology of the indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East — speakers of the northern group of the Manchu-Tungus languages of the Altai linguistic community: the Evenks (the Tungus people), the Evens (the Lamut people), the Negidals, the Solons. For the first time the term “ethnolinguistic ecology” was introduced by Professor V. P. Neroznak in the encyclopedic dictionary and reference book “The Red Book of the Languages of the Peoples of Russia” (Moscow, 1994), which included information on the Evenki, Even and Negidal languages. During the 20th and early 21st centuries, there has happened a dramatic dying out of the languages of the northern peoples. In these conditions, the revival, preservation and development of languages and cultures of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the Russian Federation, including the Manchu-Tungus peoples, are particularly relevant. In this regard, both the state patronage and the position of the small-numbered peoples themselves become especially important. Special attention should be paid to the issues of scientific research of the remaining foci of the colloquial native languages and culture (mainly in the places of dense concentration of these peoples, who are engaged in traditional types of management — reindeer herding, hunting, fishing, gathering), and also the issues of teaching these languages at all levels of the education system (family, preschool educational institutions, primary and secondary schools, secondary special educational institutions and universities). The article highlights extreme importance of the practical application of research in such an audacious area of linguistics as ethnolinguistics


Resources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Evdokia Burtseva ◽  
Anatolii Sleptsov ◽  
Anna Bysyina ◽  
Alla Fedorova ◽  
Gavril Dyachkovskii

The main industry in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is the mining industry, which will continue to expand in the future. Already today there are quite a lot of investment projects for the development of minerals in the Arctic, North-West and South Yakutia, which will be implemented in the territories of indigenous minorities of the North. Indigenous Evens, Evenks, Yukaghirs make up 4.2% of the total population of the republic and are characterized by low genetic diversity, which can lead to negative consequences in relation to their health status when exposed to technogenic pollution. Purpose of the study: assessment of the state of life of indigenous minorities of the North in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) under the conditions of a new stage of industrial development of territories of traditional nature management. The planned increasing industrial development of territories of traditional nature management can cause large-scale disturbances of the earth’s surface, depletion of biological resources, environmental pollution, which will ultimately lead to deterioration in the quality of life of the population. In order to take measures to prevent and reduce the negative impacts of industrial development of the territories of residence and traditional activities of indigenous minorities of the North, when implementing new projects, the expert commission recommends concluding a trilateral agreement on cooperation and financing of specific programs between industrial companies, government bodies of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and authorized representatives of indigenous minorities of the North. Research area—the position of indigenous minorities of the North in the conditions of industrial development of the North, Siberia and the Far East. This study looks at the impact of industrial development on the natural environment and the traditional way of life of indigenous population. Compensation for damage to the nomadic tribal communities of reindeer herders has taken place. Only about 250 thousand representatives of 40 indigenous peoples live in these regions, who are included in the official list of indigenous minorities of the North, Siberia and the Far East.


Author(s):  
Алёна Васильевна Иванова

Современные процессы глобализации ускоряют угрозу исчезновения языков коренных малочисленных народов Севера. В сегодняшних условиях активного развития би- и полилингвизма проблема сохранения и развития исчезающих языков северных народов особенно актуальна. В этих реалиях необходимо использовать благоприятные возможности владения двумя и более языками. В статье представлено описание фрагмента коллективного речевого портрета детей в контексте дву- и полиязычия. Теоретико-методологической основой исследования послужили работы ученых-лингвистов, посвященные проблемам речевого портрета, языковой личности. Материалом послужили результаты исследований, проведенных в 3 регионах Российской Федерации, где проживают представители коренных малочисленных народов Севера, Сибири и Дальнего Востока: эвены, эвенки, долганы, ненцы, ханты, селькупы и др. Всего исследованием было охвачено 253 респондента, представляющие три группы: учащиеся, учителя и родители. При создании фрагмента речевого портрета выявлены социокультурные, социолингвистические, психологические, этнолингвистические факторы, влияющие на развитие устной и письменной речи детей. Проведен анализ аудиозаписей устной речи (диалогические и монологические высказывания) и письменных работ. Для наиболее полного описания речевого портрета был использован комплексный подход с привлечением социально-психологических характеристик, описания речевых уровней владения устной и письменной речью (на материале использования различных синтаксических конструкций) и особенностей речевого общения в семье, школе, с друзьями. Выбор комплексного подхода обоснован тем, что он содействует представлению речевого портрета, отражающего уникальную картину детского речевого поведения в различных коммуникативных ситуациях. Modern processes of globalization are accelerating the threat of the disappearance of the languages of the indigenous peoples of the North. In today's conditions of active development of bi — and polylinguism, the problem of preserving and developing the endangered languages of the Northern peoples is particularly relevant. In these circumstances, it is necessary to take advantage of favorable opportunities for proficiency in two or more languages. The article describes a fragment of a collective speech portrait of children in the context of two — (poly)paganism. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the work of linguists devoted to the problems of speech portrait, language personality. The material is based on the results of research conducted in 3 regions of the Russian Federation where representatives of the indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East live: Evens, Evenks, Dolgans, Nenets, Khanty, Selkups etc. A total of 253 respondents were included in the study, representing three groups: students, teachers, and parents. When creating a fragment of a speech portrait, sociocultural, sociolinguistic, psycho-logical, and ethnolinguistic factors affecting the development of children's oral and written speech were identified. The analysis of audio recordings of oral speech (dialogic and monological statements) and written works is carried out. For the most complete description of the speech portrait, an integrated approach was used involving socio-psychological characteristics, descriptions of speech levels of oral and written speech (based on the use of various syntactic constructions) and features of speech communication in the family, school, and with friends. The choice of an integrated approach is justified by the fact that it contributes to the presentation of a speech portrait that reflects a unique picture of children's speech behavior in various communicative situations.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Petrova

<p>The presentation considers natural-technological accidents that were triggered by the impacts of debris flows on infrastructure facilities. As input data, the information collected in the author's database of natural-technological accidents and emergencies that occurred in the Russian Federation from 1991 to 2020 was used. Based on the statistical and geographical analysis of the data, the main types of natural-technological accidents caused by the impact of debris flows have been identified. Various linear structures are mostly exposed to the debris flows. The most vulnerable to the debris flow impacts are facilities of the transportation infrastructure, as well as power lines, pipelines, and other lines of communication. During the above period under consideration, road and railway accidents, traffic disruptions, accidents in power, warm, water, and gas supply systems caused by debris flows were registered in the database. Natural-technological accidents and emergencies due to debris flow impacts on the infrastructure were recorded in the Far East of the Russian Federation including Sakhalin and Magadan Regions, and Primorsky Territory, as well as in the Republics and Territories of the North Caucasus. The long-term average frequency of their occurrences was estimated; their seasonal distribution was investigated. The proportion of natural-technological accidents caused by the impact of debris flows, in the total number of events caused by other adverse and hazardous natural processes and phenomena, is relatively small. However, the potential danger of such impacts must be taken into account when constructing transportation and other lines of communications, especially in areas of increased risk of debris flows.</p>


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