Phytochemical composition of different plant parts of Acacia nilotica (L.) and their medicinal values

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Mansi Srivastva ◽  
Gargi Singh ◽  
Laxmi Parwani ◽  
Jaspreet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Antiplatelet Aggregation

Plant-derived medicines are long being used for the prevention and treatment of various human ailments. For the last few decades, plants are widely being explored for their active ingredients due to their immense potential in the treatment of critical illnesses. Thus, in recent years, exponential growth can be seen in the field of herbal medicines. Medicinal plants are a unique source of valuable phytochemicals. Their use in different medicine systems is gradually increasing due to their cost-effectiveness, easy availability and natural origin with fewer or no side effects. Acacia nilotica (L.) is a member of the family Fabaceae, commonly found in tropical and sub-tropical regions and the plant is widely known for its enormous medicinal values. Every plant part of A. nilotica is a source of many bioactive important secondary metabolites that are widely useful for the cure of various human diseases and the development of new drugs. An exhaustive literature survey revealed that tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, polyphenols, fatty acids and carbohydrates are present as major classes of phytochemicals in different plant parts of A. nilotica. These phytochemicals exhibit significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antidiarrheal, antihypertensive, antispasmodic, anthelmintic, antiplatelet aggregation, anticancer and antiviral activities. The present review is aimed to organize the comprehensive information available on phytochemical composition and medicinal properties of different plant parts of A. nilotica viz. leaves, bark, flowers, seeds, pods, gum and roots. The study is useful to explore the therapeutic potential of different plant parts of A. nilotica which will further help in the development of new promising, safe, cost-effective drugs with a high therapeutic index from the different parts of the Acacia plant.

Clinical Needs as a Starting Point for Different Strategies in Computational Drug Development

Drug Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (08) ◽  
pp. 458-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
César Portela
Keyword(s):  
Drug Development ◽  
Translational Research ◽  
Computational Chemistry ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanisms ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Way

AbstractTraditionally, the first step in the development of drugs is the definition of the target, by choice of a biological structure involved in a disease or by recognition of a molecule with some degree of a biological activity that presents itself as druggable and endowed with therapeutic potential. The complexity of the pathophysiological mechanisms of disease and of the structures of the molecules involved creates several challenges in this drug discovery process. These difficulties also come from independent operation of the different parts involved in drug development, with little interaction between clinical practitioners, academic institutions and large pharmaceutical companies. Research in this area is purpose specific, performed by specialized researchers in each field, without major inputs from clinical practitioners on the relevance of such strategy for future therapies. Translational research can shift the way these relationships operate towards a process in which new therapies can be generated by linking experimental discoveries directly to unmet clinical needs. Computational chemistry methods provide valuable insights on experimental findings and pharmacological and pathophysiological mechanisms, allow the virtual construction of new possibilities for the synthesis of new molecular entities, and pave the way for informed cost-effective decisions on expensive research projects. This text focus on the current computational methods used in drug design, how they can be used in a translational research model that starts from clinical practice and research-based theorization by medical practitioners and moves to applied research in a computational chemistry setting, aiming the development of new drugs for clinical use.

Herbal medicine: current progress, and challenges

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abul Barkat ◽  
Anjali Goyal ◽  
Abul Harshita ◽  
Faheem Hyder Pottoo ◽  
Sarwar Beg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Disease Treatment ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Regulatory Standards ◽  
Medicine History ◽  
Regulatory Challenges

: Phytomedicine or herbal medicines have played an important role in disease treatment because of high therapeutic potential and better patient compliance. Although the practice of phytomedicne greatly affected during the dawn of the scientific era, there is a revival of interest in its potential by late 20th century, especially in the search of new drugs. Herbal drugs and its derivatives represent more than 50% of entire drugs in modern healthcare system. Because of the low success rate and huge capital investment hinders the further application of phytomedicine in disease treatment. In recent time, an increase of interest in the herbal meidicine has been observed by pharmaceutical industry to search novel phytotherapeutics. In the search of new phytomedicine there are several challenges identified like-the reproducibility of pharmacological activity of herbal extracts, toxicity and adverse effects, adulteration and contamination, herb–drug interactions issues; poor scientific and regulatory standards. In this review, we illustrated a short overview on herbal medicine history, current clinical perspective, pharmaceutical and regulatory challenges as well as its clinical presence. Moreover, problems encountered in drug discovery from herbal resources and its possible solutions are described.

scholarly journals An Ethnobotanical and Ethnomedicinal Investigation of Phytomedical Knowledge and Practice of Medicinal Plants in Lingchuan County, Shanxi, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Jin ◽  
Shanshan Zhang ◽  
Nasir Shad ◽  
Abid Naeem ◽  
Yandeng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Forsythia Suspensa ◽  
Use Values ◽  
Human Disorders ◽  
One Year

Abstract BackgroundLingchuan County is the main producing area of Chinese medicinal materials in Shanxi Province, rich in medicinal plant resources. The aboriginal residents of Lingchuan County have certain traditional knowledge and experience in the use of medicinal plants and can effectively use medicinal plants to treat common diseases. MethodologyA field survey in 53 villages was carried out over one year, i.e., November 2017—August 2018. Ethnomedicinal data was collected through designed questionaries/interviews by involving 180 informants familiar with medicinal plants utilization. Documented data were evaluated using the quantitative indices. ResultsA total of 138 traditional medicinal plants were investigated, belonging to 123 genera of 60 families. Among them, Asteraceae was the dominant plant family with 19 species. Roots were the most commonly used plant parts, and the dominant life form was herbs. Quantitative analysis revealed that Forsythia suspensa was with higher (0.33) RFC value, and Scutellaria baicalensis was recorded with higher (0.91) UV. Treated diseases were categorized in 12 groups and evaluated by their FIC value, in which gynecological diseases having higher (0.93) FIC value followed by urinary system diseases. The most medicinal plants are used to clear away heat and relieve the surface. At the same time, people use boiled water to use medicinal plants. Most of the plants investigated are non-toxic. ConclusionThis study reported traditional herbal medicines for the first time to be used against various disorders in Lingchuan County, China and are still practiced by the local communities. Some of the new ethnobotanical claims documented in this investigation should need to be further explored clinically. The medicinal plants with the highest use values recorded in this study may signpost the probable existence of valuable phytochemical compounds that requires a search for prospective new drugs to cure many human disorders.

DOCUMENTATION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS TRADITIONALLY USED BY THE JAKUN PEOPLE OF ENDAU-ROMPIN (PETA) FOR TREATMENTS OF MALARIA-LIKE SYMPTOMS

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (31) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izdihar Ismail ◽  
Alona Cuevas Linatoc ◽  
Maryati Mohamed ◽  
Lili Tokiman
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Local People ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Ethnobotanical Survey ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Treatment Practices ◽  
Plant Parts

Malaria continues to kill over a million people each year. Malaria is caused by parasites of the genus Plasmodium and is one of the leading infectious diseases in many tropical regions including Malaysia. Many of the local people in the rural areas still use plants as remedies against fever and other symptoms of malaria as reported herein. Although the potentials of plants to be useful in traditional healthcare are acknowledged, currently survey and documentation of medicinal plants used by Jakun people in Endau-Rompin, Johor is lacking. As such there is an urgent need to document information on herbal remedies traditionally used for treatment diseases such as malaria and malaria-like symptoms. An ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used by the indigenous people in Kg. Peta, Endau-Rompin, Johor for the treatment of malaria and malaria-like symptoms infection was conducted. Data was collected from key informants in that community using a semi-structured interview. Investigation was carried out on the names of plants (vernacular), plant parts used, methods of preparations and how it is administered were all recorded. The result of the survey revealed that 10 plant species from 9 families were regarded for treating malaria and malaria-like symptoms. Leaves and plant sap are the most frequently used plant parts while decoction is the most common methods involved in the preparation. This study acknowledges the local people’s knowledge about malaria and the traditional treatment practices used by the local people in the study area. Herbal remedies are commonly used by the local people because it is cost-effective and more accessible. Hence, the need for documentation of these plants to avoid knowledge erosion and lost in the succeeding generations make this study highly necessary. 

scholarly journals Vegetable and Herbal Extracts: A Way towards Preventive and Therapeutics Regimen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Sharma ◽  
Vinika Tyagi ◽  
Megha Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Environmental Toxicants ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Preventive Activity

The traditional and herbal medicines play significant role in the treatment of several diseases. These medicines are the outcome of extensive research on therapeutic and preventive activity of various plant species and their specific parts. Administration of various plant parts, vegetables, fruits and other herbal constituents have significant impact on reduction of clinical, carcinogenic and genotoxic effects of various environmental toxicants. Various parts of plant such as wood, bark, stem, leaf and pod are rich in antioxidants which are known for their free radical scavenging activity. Currently, the treatment options rely significantly using natural anti-oxidants which are extracted from plant products because these are largely available, cost effective and non-toxic as compared to the synthetic drugs. Some potent natural anti-oxidants include tocopherol, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, quercetin, carotene, cinnamic acid, peptides and phenolic compounds which are extensively available in various herbal extracts. The present chapter will focus upon availability of various antioxidants in vegetables and other medicinal plants and their potential activities against xenobiotics.

scholarly journals Vitex agnus-castus L.: Main Features and Nutraceutical Perspectives

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 761
Author(s):  
Eliana B. Souto ◽  
Alessandra Durazzo ◽  
Amirhossein Nazhand ◽  
Massimo Lucarini ◽  
Massimo Zaccardelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Agnus Castus ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Therapeutic Properties

Medicinal plants are used worldwide due to their lower risk of side effects and eco-friendly, cost-effective production when compared to chemical drugs, encouraging researchers to further exploit the therapeutic potential of the former. One of the most popular medicinal plants is Vitex agnus-castus L., grown in tropical and sub-tropical regions, to which different health benefits have already been attributed. In this perspective article, the in vitro and in vivo therapeutic properties of V. agnus-castus L. have been analyzed and reviewed with a special focus on its health-promoting effects and potential nutraceutical applications.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF NANOSTRUCTURES IN ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshi Mahavir ◽  
Lata Sneh ◽  
Kanwar Preeti ◽  
Mishra Tulika
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Cell Wall Disruption

There are many infectious diseases that may be biofilm mediated, medical device-mediated or from some other agent, are now becoming life-threatening. Despite of availability of many antimicrobial agents, new drugs or therapeutics, these infections have continued to be a global health challenge. Nowadays, conventional antimicrobial agents have failed against many infections due to the emergence of multiple drug-resistant strains. Even, if there is a therapeutic efficacy of these drugs, there inappropriate amounts are resulting in an adequate therapeutic index, local and systematic side effects, including irritation, reduction in gut flora and other manifestations. To overcome such situations, nanostructures have exclusive physicochemical properties as they are ultra small, their size can be controlled, greater surface area to mass ratio, high reactivity and functionalizable structure. Encapsulation of antimicrobial drugs in these nanoparticle systems helps in reducing many side effects. It also helps in the sustained release of drug for a larger time period. Several metal and metal oxide nanoparticles such as silver, gold, zinc, etc. have shown a promising antimicrobial activity. Liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, and solid lipid nanoparticles have achieved great success as efficient antimicrobial drug delivery systems. These nanoparticles use multiple biological pathways to exert their antimicrobial mechanism such as cell wall disruption, inhibition of RNA synthesis, protein synthesis, etc. Moreover,these preparations of nanoparticles are more cost-effective than that of antibiotic synthesis with lesser or no side effects.

scholarly journals Role of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Bioinformatics: Drug Discovery and Drug Repurposing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Quazi
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Useful Knowledge ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Potential Activity

Artificial intelligence AI or machine learning has proven to be a potential activity in the health and biomedical sciences. Previous research it has found that AI can learn new data and transform it into the useful knowledge. In the field of pharmacology, the aim is to design more efficient and novel vaccines using this method which are also cost effective. The underlying fact is to predict the molecular mechanism and structure for increased likelihood of developing new drugs. Clinical, electronic and high resolution imaging datasets can be used as inputs to aid the drug development niche. Moreover, the use of comprehensive target activity has been performed for repurposing a drug molecule by extending target profiles of drugs which also include off targets with therapeutic potential providing a new indication.

scholarly journals Quantitative Ethnobotanical Analysis of Medicinal Plants of High-Temperature Areas of Southern Punjab, Pakistan

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1974
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Allah Ditta ◽  
Faridah Hanum Ibrahim ◽  
Ghulam Murtaza ◽  
Muhammad Nawaz Rajpar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Xanthium Strumarium ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Cuscuta Reflexa ◽  
Plant Parts

Lack of proper infrastructure and the poor economic conditions of rural communities make them dependent on herbal medicines. Thus, there is a need to obtain and conserve the historic and traditional knowledge about the medicinal importance of different plants found in different areas of the world. In this regard, a field study was conducted to document the medicinal importance of local plants commonly used by the inhabitants of very old historic villages in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. In total, 58 plant species were explored, which belonged to 28 taxonomic families, as informed by 200 experienced respondents in the study area. The vernacular name, voucher number, plant parts used, and medicinal values were also documented for each species. Among the documented species, Poaceae remained the most predominant family, followed by Solanaceae and Asteraceae. The local communities were dependent on medicinal plants for daily curing of several ailments, including asthma, common cold, sore throat, fever, cardiovascular diseases, and digestive disorders. Among the reported species, leaves and the whole plant remained the most commonly utilized plant parts, while extracts (38.8%) and pastes (23.9%) were the most popular modes of utilization. Based on the ICF value, the highest value was accounted for wound healing (0.87), followed by skincare, nails, hair, and teeth disorders (0.85). The highest RFC value was represented by Acacia nilotica and Triticum aestivum (0.95 each), followed by Azadirachta indica (0.91). The highest UV was represented by Conyza canadensis and Cuscuta reflexa (0.58 each), followed by Xanthium strumarium (0.37). As far as FL was concerned, the highest value was recorded in the case of Azadirachta indica (93.4%) for blood purification and Acacia nilotica (91.1%) for sexual disorders. In conclusion, the local inhabitants primarily focus on medicinal plants for the treatment of different diseases in the very old historic villages of Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Moreover, there were various plants in the study area that have great ethnobotanical potential to treat various diseases, as revealed through different indices.

scholarly journals PLANT-BASED REMEDIES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumiksha Gupta ◽  
M.C. Sidhu ◽  
A.S. Ahluwalia
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

<p>The knowledge related to medicinal plants have been described in Indian Ayurveda System and survived till today through the prevalent socio-cultural practices. Present study is an attempt to document anti-diabetic plants from Una district of Himachal Pradesh. A thorough survey was conducted from 500 respondents using a semi-structured questionnaire and informal discussions. A total of 84 anti-diabetic plant species have been recorded. These plants include wild (32) or cultivated (41) species. Fabaceae was the dominant family with 10 species. The phytoremedies were prepared using different plant parts or sometimes even the whole plant or in combination with other species. There are only few reports on anti-diabetic use of some wild species from the study area. Further studies of bioactive compounds in these species can depict their hypoglycemic potential. Present study has suggested a strong link between traditional herbal medicines, their documentation and proper chemical characterization to harness their therapeutic potential to the maximum.  </p><p><strong>KEY WORDS: </strong>Diabetes, bioactive compounds, traditional medicines, phytoremedies, angiosperms, Una, Himachal Pradesh</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document