AUDIT OF REGISTERED CAPITAL: ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECT

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Bugay ◽  
◽  
Kateryna Gergalo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Accounting Data ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Operations Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Stable Development ◽  
State Form

Against the background of the current difficult global economic conditions, the issue of carrying out anti-crisis measures in the country's economy as a whole and at enterprises separately arises first of all. After all, the policy of preserving (and, even better, increasing) capital is an extremely important indicator that represents the financial stability of enterprises to economic shocks. Any enterprise (for example, a manufacturing enterprise), carrying out its activities, relies on a certain amount of its capital, which can be expressed in both monetary (classical) and non-monetary (cars, real estate, copyrights, patents, etc.) forms. As a rule, the main indicators of a country's economic development are those that characterize the production level, the conduct of a certain profitable type of activity, and others. However, the category" capital " is rarely used to analyze the financial condition of an enterprise, although it (capital) is the very basis for the origin and stable development of any business entity. The concept of capital conservation and its management strategy will allow us to find or prevent violations in time due to certain areas of audit implementation, as well as introduce the necessary changes in the company's management policy. Being an important component of management and relying on accounting data as an integral system of operations control, it is external audit that will allow us to assess the result of activities, make forecasts for improving certain areas of efficiency in conducting economic functions, and offer important management decisions regarding our own sources of financing for the company's activities. However, the transition of Ukraine to a market economy, as a result, caused the emergence of private ownership along with the state form, the emergence of which, in turn, subsequently gave an impetus to a significant increase in the role of accounting and control. The existence of these forms of ownership is simply impossible without a clearinteraction of a number of economic institutions, where one of the profile places is occupied by the Institute of audit. The main purpose of the audit can be formed simply, but truly – confirmation or refutation of information that is set out in the financial and tax statements in accordance with the current legislation of Ukraine. In other words, the audit procedure should be understood as a logically sustained,strict sequence of actions to perform the audit stages from pre-contractual work to the transfer of the audit report to the customer.

The Role of Archives on the Incorporation of the Former Kangwane Homeland to Mpumalanga Province

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nkholedzeni Sidney Netshakhuma
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Records Management ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Mpumalanga Province ◽  
Specific Objective ◽  
National Archives ◽  
And Control

This study was conceptualised in order to assess the strategies used to incorporate the homeland of KaNgwane into Mpumalanga province after the cessation of apartheid in 1994. The specific objective of the study was to investigate the compliance of records and archives with the National Archives and Records Service of South Africa Act (Act No 43 of 1996), during the incorporation of the homeland of KaNgwane into Mpumalanga. The study adopted a qualitative methodology through document analysis, interviews and observations. The key findings revealed that the archives of the former homeland of Kangwane were not aligned with the requirements of the National Archives and Records Service of South Africa Act (Act No.43 of 1996.) Institutions seem to lack experience when it comes to the challenges of storing records and implementing arrangement and control systems. The frequent lack of a records management policy and few to no staff with record-keeping and archival backgrounds was also a concern. A shortage of space to store records safely was also one of the major issues that the study uncovered. There appears to be no concerted effort to retain important historical records. Many records are stored in several different locations in government buildings.  I conclude that archives play an essential role to the nation as the institutional memory.

scholarly journals Analysis and Control of Bankruptcy and Reorganization Processes: Case Studies Using Accounting Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 09036
Author(s):  
George Abuselidze ◽  
Anna Slobodianyk
Keyword(s):  
Factor Model ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Rapid Diagnostics ◽  
Accounting Data ◽  
Discriminant Model ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Positive Growth ◽  
Probability Of Bankruptcy ◽  
And Control ◽  
Integral Indicator

The article is devoted to the justification and development of recommendations for improving the use of accounting data for the analysis and control of bankruptcy and reorganization processes of enterprises. It is determined that in conditions of financial and political instability, the activities of enterprises are accompanied by crisis situations, which may result in insolvency or bankruptcy. The peculiarities of processes of bankruptcy and reorganization of enterprises, using the methods of economic analysis, analysis of financial state and efficiency of the investigated company, as well as evaluated the effectiveness of the use of accounting data for analysis and control of processes of bankruptcy and reorganization of enterprises. Overview of cases in business practice for which the company is liquidated. The state and volume of activity of the basic enterprise in the context of the main indicators of financial statements for the last three years are analyzed. As a result of the analysis of the enterprise, it is proved that LLC Agrocomplex is profitable, with positive growth trends for most of the main indicators of economic activity. To identify signs of a crisis, the company assessed the threat of bankruptcy based on rapid diagnostics. The authors proved that the two-factor model for assessing the probability of bankruptcy of an enterprise shows that the probability of bankruptcy for LLC Agrocomplex is very low. The authors prove that when analysing the financial condition of an enterprise, a situation may arise when some indicators of the discriminant model for a particular enterprise may be very low compared to their “normal” values, and others - on the contrary, too high, which is also “bad". It is proved that their combination can indicate a stable financial condition of the enterprise, since it is the calculation of one integral indicator based on all input factors at the same time.

scholarly journals FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY OF THE ENTERPRISE IN MODERN CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Tetyana Nazarova ◽  
Alina Havryk
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Financial Strategy ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Important Direction ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
And Control ◽  
Stable Development

The article considers the concept of financial stability of the company in modern conditions, reveals the real situation on this issue, indicates ways to improve the situation. An important direction is to ensure an adequate level of financial stability, which guarantees the rational use of resource potential and stable development in the future. Based on the issues and purpose of the study, an analysis of scientific papers was conducted to determine the concept of financial stability. Differences among scientists in understanding the concept and the problem of lack of clear directions and programs to improve the financial stability of the enterprise are identified. Taking into account the opinions of numerous authors, the determining internal and external factors influencing the financial stability of the enterprise are highlighted. It is determined that today economic and financial factors have the greatest impact on financial stability. The concept of internal and external financial stability is considered. To assess financial stability, it is proposed to use a system of indicators, as one specific group is not enough to characterize the level of stability. The negative consequences of financial instability with unsatisfactory indicators of financial stability are considered. Ways to increase financial stability are proposed. The importance of choosing a financial strategy as a lever in the development of the company is determined. The analysis of the financial stability of the enterprise is considered as a consistent, step-by-step consideration of all parameters related to the conduct of economic activity. Forecasting and analyzing measures to improve financial stability, it is noted that in the modern economy an important component of the process of developing and implementing the financial strategy of the enterprise is financial controlling. The importance of planning and control to ensure financial stability is revealed. Recommendations for stabilizing the company's financial activities have been developed.

scholarly journals The role of banks’ financial recovery in the context of increasing public confidence in banking system of Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
N. Nosan
Keyword(s):  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Comprehensive Management ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Business Structures ◽  
Financial Recovery

The role of reorganization measures in improving the financial condition of troubled banks in Ukraine in order to increase public confidence in banking system is investigated in this paper. It is noted that instability of the banking system of Ukraine reduces the liquidity of banking institutions, can result in bankruptcy. The application of ineffective rehabilitation tools can lead to the institution dissolution. It reduces the level of public confidence in banking system of Ukraine. Five main factors of the low level of public confidence in banking system of Ukraine (massive bank closing, low financial literacy of the significant part of people, «shadowing» of the national economy, lack of effective rehabilitation mechanisms due to absence of comprehensive management policy, macroeconomic instability) are presented.The peculiarities of the bank's bankruptcy, the reasons for the deterioration of solvency in comparison with other business structures are considered. The main methods of financial recovery of commercial banks in order to prevent loss of solvency and bankruptcy in Ukraine are considered. It is noted that the bank's reorganization mechanism should provide not only direct reorganization measures, but also comprehensive diagnosis of insolvency and bankruptcy, timely detection of insolvency risk. The main disadvantages of the current practice of reorganization, particularly, the peculiarities of meeting the needs of the bank's clients since the recognition of its financial insolvency are considered. The main measures for the improvement of financial mechanism of bank rehabilitation increasing confidence in the banking system of Ukraine as a whole (formation of banking consortia, improvement of competence and skills of the bank temporary administration, detailed development of the legal mechanism of practical rehabilitation measures implementation, involvement of the representatives of the Deposit Guarantee Fund into the process of troubled banks search and carrying out reorganization measures, development of the program of informing the population about actions in emergency situations by the Deposit Guarantee Fund) are proposed.

scholarly journals Key Aspects of Corporate Activities Analysis through the Prism of Domestic Studies

2017 ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
О. A. Zorina ◽  
V. V. Riabinina
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Business Units ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Financial Recovery

Today, the corporate sector features the considerably higher risks of corporate performance with the accordingly higher standards of accountability for results, which largely depend on objectivity, timeliness and comprehensiveness of assessment of the existing and expected financial performance of corporations. This enhances the role and significance of an important analytical field, the corporate activities analysis. The role of economic analysis in the context of market economy and globalization can hardly be overestimated, since the analysis permeates all the operative phases of a corporation. It precedes planning of indicators for the next period, helping organize production processes in a rational and reasonable way, improve collection and processing of information on their progress in the accounting system, assess the situation, and formulate important propositions to correct deficiencies and introduce best practices. Financial analysis is important in the economic operation of a corporation as it enables it to seek reserves to improve its financial condition; to assess the adequacy of use of all the types of financial resources; to take timely measures to improve the solvency, liquidity and financial stability; to ensure optimal production and social development by use of reserves found through the analysis; to develop plans for financial recovery. Methodology and organization of the corporate activities analysis is conditional on the organization and operation specifics of corporate enterprises. The following characteristics of a corporation are covered by analysis: economic activity; technological and organizational structure; interaction of business units within a corporation; capitalization; budgeting; integration of information system for analysis; variability in the conditions of risk. The review of studies devoted to corporate activities analysis shows that domestic and foreign experts offer different methods for analysis of financial statements, depending on the goals and objectives of the analysis, available information, technical support, the efficiency of solutions for analytical and management tasks, experience and qualification of staff. The corporate activities analysis will be more objective when new analysis concepts are adopted, focused on the future.

scholarly journals Improvement of Controlling in the Financial Management of Enterprises

TEM Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1605-1609
Author(s):  
Nataliya Mazur ◽  
Larysa Khrystenko ◽  
Janka Pásztorová ◽  
Mykola Zos-Kior ◽  
Iryna Hnatenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Integral Model ◽  
Stability Assessment ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Indicator Values ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Factors Influencing

One of the components of a highly effective management system is operational controlling at the enterprise. At the same time, the most important indicator characterising the efficiency of the functioning of the enterprise and, accordingly, subject to controlling is its solvency, which affects the level of competitiveness of the enterprise and the efficiency of its adaptation to the changing conditions of the market environment. In this regard, the purpose of the research is to modernize the procedure of financial controlling based on the development of an integral model for determining and analysing the transformational solvency index. The article forms a universal model of financial condition assessment, in which all threshold values of the coefficients, calculated according to existing methods of financial stability assessment, are reduced to one scale and the accumulated impact of indicator values for previous periods of economic activity is taken into account.On the basis of the correlation analysis, the nature and strength of the dependence of the transformational solvency index on the factors influencing its formation and causing tendentious trends in the dynamics of its change during a certain period are determined.

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY OF THE ENTERPRISE

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (47) ◽  
pp. 147-155
Author(s):  
Masalitina V ◽  
◽  
Gorobinska I ◽  
Mykitko V ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Financial Sustainability ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
High Level ◽  
Constituent Elements

The article is devoted to the development of a mechanism for managing the financial stability of an enterprise, to determine its constituent elements and stages of its formation. The topicality of the chosen topic is explained by the fact that financial stability is one of the main conditions of vital activity, development and ensuring a high level of competitiveness of the enterprise, it affects the stability of the financial condition, the ability to fulfill their obligations; lack of financial sustainability can lead to loss of solvency of the enterprise, destruction of strategic potential and threat to its financial security. The object of study is the financial sustainability of the enterprise. The purpose of the study is to develop directions for improving the management system and measures to improve the level of financial stability of the enterprise through the study of theoretical and practical aspects of the problem. Research methods are the method of cognition, the method of system analysis, the method of analysis and synthesis, as well as the method of comparison. In the course of the research the mechanism of management of financial stability of the enterprise is developed, its main constituent elements are determined, the stages of its implementation are analyzed, specific tools that can be used in its implementation are studied, the main tasks of financial stability management are summarized and the indicators of evaluation of the degree of their fulfillment are summarized. The process of implementation of the mechanism of ensuring the financial stability of enterprises should be aimed at the solution of the main goals and objectives: ensuring the balance of assets and liabilities implies sufficient capital, flexible capital structure, organization of capital movements, provision of own capital to finance current assets; ensuring a balance of income and expenses implies a sufficient level of profitability, changing the structure of the expense of the economic process, increasing the volume of turnover; ensuring cash flow balances involves ensuring solvency, self-financing and creditworthiness, reducing receivables. Conclusions - the need for constant balancing of assets and liabilities, income and expenses, positive and negative cash flows is at the heart of the financial stability management policy. Solving the issue of financial stability will allow you to make effective management decisions on the choice of strategy for financial development and will lead to the stabilization of the economic situation and increase the efficiency of the enterprise. KEYWORDS: FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY, MANAGEMENT OF FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY, MECHANISM OF MANAGEMENT OF FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY.

scholarly journals Analysis and forecasting of the enterprise financial stability

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
H. Rohanova ◽  
I. Kravchenko
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Systematic Assessment ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Taxonomic Approach ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Generalized Indicator

The purpose of the articles is to determine the role of financial stability analysis as an important component of the comprehensive analysis of the entity financial condition. Systematic assessment of financial stability makes it possible to use timely the strategy and tactics of enterprise development, take reasonable management decisions, control liquidity, solvency and financial stability of the enterprise. As a result of the investigation, the following tasks are solved in order to achieve the goal: the type of the financial stability of confectionery enterprise is clarified; qualitative analysis of financial stability is carried out; the dynamics of changes in financial stability is analyzed; financial forecasting by means of integrated indicator based on taxonomic approach is done. General and special methods and techniques of economic problems research for tasks solution such as: synthesis, induction, deduction, generalization, aggregate method, comparative analysis of deviations, coefficient and margin method, standardization of indicators, forecasting, trend analysis method, graphical method are used. The object of the investigation is PJSC «Mondeliz Ukraine». The results of the analysis for the period 2017–2020 indicate the unstable financial condition, violation of the enterprise financial stability; but due to the trend line we forecast the increase in the integrated taxonomic indicator of financial stability in future. The generalized indicator of the change of enterprise financial stability confirms conclusion about the increase of enterprise financial stability in dynamics. The solution of the problem of increasing the financial stability and balance of PJSC «Mondeliz Ukraine» and increasing the availability of own funds is possible primarily by increasing sales, profits and, accordingly, increase profitability. However, measures to strengthen financial stability can give positive results only if they are comprehensive, systematic, mandatory. The prospects for further investigation are to identify the relationship between the level of financial stability and the synchronicity of the enterprise time-balanced cash flows formation.

Morphogenesis of a New Human Herpes-Type Virus Isolate (Sasha Virus)

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 592-593
Author(s):  
R. F. Zeigel ◽  
W. Munyon
Keyword(s):  
Virus Isolate ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Human Herpes ◽  
Human Embryonic Lung ◽  
Human Herpes Virus ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Inclusions ◽  
Hel Cells ◽  
And Control

In continuing studies on the role of viruses in biochemical transformation, Dr. Munyon has succeeded in isolating a highly infectious human herpes virus. Fluids of buccal pustular lesions from Sasha Munyon (10 mo. old) uiere introduced into monolayer sheets of human embryonic lung (HEL) cell cultures propagated in Eagles’ medium containing 5% calf serum. After 18 hours the cells exhibited a dramatic C.P.E. (intranuclear vacuoles, peripheral patching of chromatin, intracytoplasmic inclusions). Control HEL cells failed to reflect similar changes. Infected and control HEL cells were scraped from plastic flasks at 18 hrs. of incubation and centrifuged at 1200 × g for 15 min. Resultant cell packs uiere fixed in Dalton's chrome osmium, and post-fixed in aqueous uranyl acetate. Figure 1 illustrates typical hexagonal herpes-type nucleocapsids within the intranuclear virogenic regions. The nucleocapsids are approximately 100 nm in diameter. Nuclear membrane “translocation” (budding) uias observed.

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