scholarly journals Study of the diversity and mapping of xerophytic vegetation of the southeastern coast of Crimea peninsula using remote sensing data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.B. Ermakov ◽  
I.A. Pestunov ◽  
V.V. Korzhenevskiy ◽  
E.V. Ermakova ◽  
S.A. Rylov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Parent Rocks ◽  
Eastern Crimea ◽  
Ecological Patterns ◽  
Crimea Peninsula

The study of diversity and ecological-phytocenotic mapping of the vegetation cover was carried out at the key area located in the eastern part of the Echki-Dag mountain range in the territory of the Lisya Bay Reserve (Eastern Crimea). A generalization of the classification and ecological patterns of vegetation was carried out to create a legend for a large-scale ecological-phytocenotic cartographic model (at the scale of 1:10000). The ecological-geomorphological series and combinations of xerophytic and mesoxerophytic plant communities indicating erosion-denudation processes on different substrates of the underlying parent rocks were the thematic basis of the cartographic model. The developed legend is based on the units of vegetation of the association rank obtained using the Braun – Blanquet method combined into ecological series in accordance with their position on the gradients of the leading ecological factors as well as on the hierarchy of phytochories determined by the categories of erosion-denudation relief of coastal slopes. The resulting vegetation map demonstrates the main regularities of the regional phyto-diversity and serves as the basis for assessing the resource potential of vegetation, its landscape-stabilizing and nature conservation value.

Vegetation map of the National Park “Belovezhskaya Pushcha”: creation and practical use experience

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Grummo ◽  
R. V. Tsvirko ◽  
N. A. Zeliankevich ◽  
E. Y. Kulikova ◽  
O. V. Sozinov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
National Park ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
Floristic Classification ◽  
Disturbed Forest ◽  
Classification Of Images

In 2013–2018 studies of phytocoenotic diversity were carried out in the territory of the National Park “Belovezhskaya Pushcha” (Belarus). As a result, a classification scheme of vegetation was developed based on the floristic approach (Braun-Blanquet method) and a large-scale (1 : 100 000) geobotanical map was made. The map is compiled on the basis of the field data, analysis of remote sensing data, literary and cartographic sources, land and forest inventory materials. The compilation of this geobotanical map was consisted of 4 stages. 1) The pre-field (cameral) stage included: collection of archive data about the investigated territory, selection of space imagery, primary processing of digital images and data visualization, interpretation, automatic non-controlled classification, preliminary map compilation. 2) Field studies provided for surface interpretation of vegetation based on satellite imagery.In total, 1851 complete geobotanical relevés were made during field studies, including 743 forest, 452 mire, 576 meadow, segetal and ruderal plant communities. 3) The post-field (cameral) stage, including the preparation of the cartographic base; the systematization of field materials; the development of the final legend; the systematization of image standards for creating cartographic models; the controlled classification of images with preliminary segmentation by the method of superpixels (SNIC-Simple Non-Iterative Clustering); assessment reliability of classification results; geometric and geographical generalization; making an original map. 4) Field check (verification) of geobotanical map. During the 2018 field season a vegetation map of the protected area was checked with the compilation of the final reliability protocol. The main unit of the map legend, a syntaxon of the floristic classification of vegetation, is the association, however, along with the association, to display the typology of the vegetation cover, syntaxons of as a higher hierarchical rank (union) and lower (options, facies), as well as rankless communities are used. In establishing the names of associations and subassociations and in comparative analysis various regional works were taken into account (Matuszkiewicz, Matuszkiewicz, 1954; Czerwiński, 1978; Faliński, 1991, 1994а, b; Kwiatkowski, 1994; Bulokhov, Solomeshch, 2003; Semenischenkov, 2014; Lądowe ekosystemy…, 2016; Dubyna et al., 2019;). In the legend, the mapped units reflecting the restoration stages of the association are marked with letter indices. Heterogeneous areas consisting of regularly and repeatedly alternating plant communities are presented on the map as complexes (phytocoenoses-complex). In total, the map legend contains 75 mapped vegetation units, including forest — 40, shrub — 4, mire — 13, meadow and wasteland — 11, ruderal and segetal vegetation — 6, deforestation and disturbed forest habitats — 1. Separate units reflect other lands (water, residential development, etc.) The practical application of the geobotanical map for identifying key (important for biodiversity conservation) habitats and developing a science-based approach to the functional zoning of protected areas is shown.

Geobotanical division into districts (regionalization) of the Bolshezemelskaya tundra and surrounding areas

2013 ◽  
pp. 74-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Lavrinenko
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Vegetation Landscape ◽  
Pechora River ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Geomorphological Features ◽  
Tundra Ecosystems

Actuality of large-scale geobotanical division into districts due to the need to optimize environmental management, conservation of the resource potential and protection of tundra ecosystems. Geobotanical division into districts scheme of the Bolshezemelskaya tundra and surrounding areas (ridge Pai-Khoi, Pechora River valley) have been prepared using thematic maps, remote sensing data, numerous publications and results of own work. The territory was divided into 65 geobotanical districts which have been described by the dominant types of vegetation, landscape, soil and geomorphological features. In previous work (Geobotanical division into districts ..., 1989), three large geobotanical districts covering Bolshezemelskaya and Malozemelskaya tundra, has been proposed. We performed a comparative analysis of the vegetation cover structure using maps that showed significant differences between vegetation of the Malozemelskaya and Bolshezemelskaya parts of these districts. So, we have identified for the Bolshezemelskaya tundra independent geobotanical districts – Bolshezemelskyi primorskyi, West Bolshezemelskyi and PechoraHarayahskyi. Valley of the Pechora River in its lower reaches is different from the surrounding areas Bolshezemelskaya and Malozemelskaya tundra dominated by subarctic floodplain plant communities, so we offered to independent Nizhnepechorskyi geobotanical districts.

Large-scale mapping of the catenas vegetation in Subarctic tundra

1995 ◽  
pp. 3-21
Author(s):  
S. S. Kholod
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Block Diagram ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Geological Time ◽  
Ecological Barriers ◽  
Functional Zones

One of the most difficult tasks in large-scale vegetation mapping is the clarification of mechanisms of the internal integration of vegetation cover territorial units. Traditional way of searching such mechanisms is the study of ecological factors controlling the space heterogeneity of vegetation cover. In essence, this is autecological analysis of vegetation. We propose another way of searching the mechanisms of territorial integration of vegetation. It is connected with intracoenotic interrelation, in particular, with the changing role of edificator synusium in a community along the altitudinal gradient. This way of searching is illustrated in the model-plot in subarctic tundra of Central Chukotka. Our further suggestion concerns the way of depicting these mechanisms on large-scale vegetation map. As a model object we chose the catena, that is the landscape formation including all geomorphjc positions of a slope, joint by the process of moving the material down the slope. The process of peneplanation of a mountain system for a long geological time favours to the levelling the lower (accumulative) parts of slopes. The colonization of these parts of the slope by the vegetation variants, corresponding to the lowest part of catena is the result of peneplanation. Vegetation of this part of catena makes a certain biogeocoenotic work which is the levelling of the small infralandscape limits and of the boundaries in vegetation cover. This process we name as the continualization on catena. In this process the variants of vegetation in the lower part of catena are being broken into separate synusiums. This is the process of decumbation of layers described by V. B. Sochava. Up to the slope the edificator power of the shrub synusiums sharply decreases. Moss and herb synusium have "to seek" the habitats similar to those under the shrub canopy. The competition between the synusium arises resulting in arrangement of a certain spatial assemblage of vegetation cover elements. In such assemblage the position of each element is determined by both biotic (interrelation with other coenotic elements) and abiotic (presence of appropriate habitats) factors. Taking into account the biogeocoenotic character of the process of continualization on catena we name such spatial assemblage an exolutionary-biogeocoenotic series. The space within each evolutionary-biogeocoenotic series is divided by ecological barriers into some functional zones. In each of the such zones the struggle between synusiums has its individual expression and direction. In the start zone of catena (extensive pediment) the interrelations of synusiums and layers control the mutual spatial arrangement of these elements at the largest extent. Here, as a rule, there predominate edificator synusiums of low and dwarfshrubs. In the first order limit zone (the bend of pediment to the above part of the slope) one-species herb and moss synusiums, oftenly substituting each other in similar habitats, get prevalence. In the zone of active colonization of slope (denudation slope) the coenotic factor has the least role in the spatial distribution of the vegetation cover elements. In particular, phytocoenotic interactions take place only within separate microcoenoses of herbs, mosses and lichens. In the zone of the attenuation of continualization process (the upper most parts of slope, crests) phytocoenotic interactions are almost absent and the spatial distribution of vegetation cover elements depends exclusively on the abiotic factors. The principal scheme of the distribution of vegetation cover elements and the disposition of functional zones on catena are shown on block-diagram (fig. 1).

Classification of vegetation in Cucphuong National Park with the aim of large-scale mapping, Vietnam

1996 ◽  
pp. 64-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguen Nghia Thin ◽  
Nguen Ba Thu ◽  
Tran Van Thuy
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
Dense Forest ◽  
Broad Leaved Forest ◽  
Leaved Forest

The tropical seasonal rainy evergreen broad-leaved forest vegetation of the Cucphoung National Park has been classified and the distribution of plant communities has been shown on the map using the relations of vegetation to geology, geomorphology and pedology. The method of vegetation mapping includes: 1) the identifying of vegetation types in the remote-sensed materials (aerial photographs and satellite images); 2) field work to compile the interpretation keys and to characterize all the communities of a study area; 3) compilation of the final vegetation map using the combined information. In the classification presented a number of different level vegetation units have been identified: formation classes (3), formation sub-classes (3), formation groups (3), formations (4), subformations (10) and communities (19). Communities have been taken as mapping units. So in the vegetation map of the National Park 19 vegetation categories has been shown altogether, among them 13 are natural primary communities, and 6 are the secondary, anthropogenic ones. The secondary succession goes through 3 main stages: grassland herbaceous xerophytic vegetation, xerophytic scrub, dense forest.

Small-scale vegetation mapping of large territories: perspectives of using modern remote sensing and GIS technologies, the Indian experiences

1996 ◽  
pp. 51-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. M. Unni
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Satellite Remote Sensing ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
Forest Cover Mapping

The recognition of versatile importance of vegetation for the human life resulted in the emergence of vegetation science and many its applications in the modern world. Hence a vegetation map should be versatile enough to provide the basis for these applications. Thus, a vegetation map should contain not only information on vegetation types and their derivatives but also the geospheric and climatic background. While the geospheric information could be obtained, mapped and generalized directly using satellite remote sensing, a computerized Geographic Information System can integrate it with meaningful vegetation information classes for large areas. Such aft approach was developed with respect to mapping forest vegetation in India at. 1 : 100 000 (1983) and is in progress now (forest cover mapping at 1 : 250 000). Several review works reporting the experimental and operational use of satellite remote sensing data in India were published in the last years (Unni, 1991, 1992, 1994).

scholarly journals A new world natural vegetation map for global change studies

2008 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Lapola ◽  
Marcos D. Oyama ◽  
Carlos A. Nobre ◽  
Gilvan Sampaio
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
New World ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Vegetation Classification ◽  
Natural Vegetation ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
Vegetation Maps

We developed a new world natural vegetation map at 1 degree horizontal resolution for use in global climate models. We used the Dorman and Sellers vegetation classification with inclusion of a new biome: tropical seasonal forest, which refers to both deciduous and semi-deciduous tropical forests. SSiB biogeophysical parameters values for this new biome type are presented. Under this new vegetation classification we obtained a consensus map between two global natural vegetation maps widely used in climate studies. We found that these two maps assign different biomes in ca. 1/3 of the continental grid points. To obtain a new global natural vegetation map, non-consensus areas were filled according to regional consensus based on more than 100 regional maps available on the internet. To minimize the risk of using poor quality information, the regional maps were obtained from reliable internet sources, and the filling procedure was based on the consensus among several regional maps obtained from independent sources. The new map was designed to reproduce accurately both the large-scale distribution of the main vegetation types (as it builds on two reliable global natural vegetation maps) and the regional details (as it is based on the consensus of regional maps).

scholarly journals Use of satellite and modeled soil moisture data for predicting event soil loss at plot scale

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 3845-3856 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Todisco ◽  
L. Brocca ◽  
L. F. Termite ◽  
W. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Loss Estimation ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Estimation Accuracy ◽  
Soil Losses

Abstract. The potential of coupling soil moisture and a Universal Soil Loss Equation-based (USLE-based) model for event soil loss estimation at plot scale is carefully investigated at the Masse area, in central Italy. The derived model, named Soil Moisture for Erosion (SM4E), is applied by considering the unavailability of in situ soil moisture measurements, by using the data predicted by a soil water balance model (SWBM) and derived from satellite sensors, i.e., the Advanced SCATterometer (ASCAT). The soil loss estimation accuracy is validated using in situ measurements in which event observations at plot scale are available for the period 2008–2013. The results showed that including soil moisture observations in the event rainfall–runoff erosivity factor of the USLE enhances the capability of the model to account for variations in event soil losses, the soil moisture being an effective alternative to the estimated runoff, in the prediction of the event soil loss at Masse. The agreement between observed and estimated soil losses (through SM4E) is fairly satisfactory with a determination coefficient (log-scale) equal to ~ 0.35 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of ~ 2.8 Mg ha−1. These results are particularly significant for the operational estimation of soil losses. Indeed, currently, soil moisture is a relatively simple measurement at the field scale and remote sensing data are also widely available on a global scale. Through satellite data, there is the potential of applying the SM4E model for large-scale monitoring and quantification of the soil erosion process.

Fire history on a desert mountain range: Rincon Mountain Wilderness, Arizona, U.S.A.

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1559-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher H. Baisan ◽  
Thomas W. Swetnam
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fire History ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Mixed Conifer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Fire Interval

Modern fire records and fire-scarred remnant material collected from logs, snags, and stumps were used to reconstruct and analyze fire history in the mixed-conifer and pine forest above 2300 m within the Rincon Mountain Wilderness of Saguaro National Monument, Arizona, United States. Cross-dating of the remnant material allowed dating of fire events to the calendar year. Estimates of seasonal occurrence were compiled for larger fires. It was determined that the fire regime was dominated by large scale (> 200 ha), early-season (May–July) surface fires. The mean fire interval over the Mica Mountain study area for the period 1657–1893 was 6.1 years with a range of 1–13 years for larger fires. The mean fire interval for the mixed-conifer forest type (1748–1886) was 9.9 years with a range of 3–19 years. Thirty-five major fire years between 1700 and 1900 were compared with a tree-ring reconstruction of the Palmer drought severity index (PDSI). Mean July PDSI for 2 years prior to fires was higher (wetter) than average, while mean fire year PDSI was near average. This 490-year record of fire occurrence demonstrates the value of high-resolution (annual and seasonal) tree-ring analyses for documenting and interpreting temporal and spatial patterns of past fire regimes.

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