scholarly journals Effect of suckling and weaning systems on age, weight at puberty, and some reproductive traits in Awassi sheep: تأثير نظم الرضاعة والفطام في العمر والوزن عند البلوغ الجنسي وبعض الصفات التناسلية في الأغنام العواسية

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-28
Author(s):  
Arif Kassim Hassan Al-Hubaety, Muthanna Fathi Abdullah Al-Ju Arif Kassim Hassan Al-Hubaety, Muthanna Fathi Abdullah Al-Ju
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Interaction Coefficients ◽  
The Third ◽  
Awassi Sheep ◽  
Interaction Treatment ◽  
Motility Of Sperm ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Measurement Period ◽  
Awassi Lambs

  A flock of seventy-two Awassi ewes aged five years were used in this study to evaluate the effects of three suckling system (24, 15, 9) hours and two weaning system at the weight of (15 and 20) Kg on age, weight at puberty, scrotum circumference and size and some characteristics of semen of Awassi lambs. Suckling and weaning systems had a significant effect (p≤0.05) on age and weight at puberty for males and the benefit of the suckling group for 24 hours and the weaning system of 20 kg. At 5 and 6 months of age, the suckling system had a significant effect (p≤0.05) on the circumference and size of the scrotum. At 6,7 and 8 months, the influence of the weaning system on the circumference and size of the scrotum, with the superiority of the suckling group 24 hours and the weaning system of 20 kg, a gradual and significant increase (p≤0.05) in the circumference and size of the scrotum was observed with age, and a significant improvement (p≤0.05) was observed in the characteristics of semen as the measurement period progresses. The lambs in the 24-hour suckling group gave the best semen consistency at puberty and after 4 weeks of puberty, and the 24-hour suckling group was superior than suckling group 9 hours in individual motility of sperm at puberty, and the interaction coefficients had a significant effect on age, weight at puberty, circumference and size of the scrotum at 5,6-and 7- months of age. The interaction between treatment effect on the size of semen in the second collection after puberty and its consistency at puberty also at the second collection the interaction had a significant effect (p≤0.05) on the individual and mass motility of the sperms at puberty and in the mass motility on the second collection of semen.  Suckling and weaning systems had no significant effect on age and weight at puberty for female except for the superiority of the second interaction treatment on the third in weight at puberty which reached 37.88 and 27.80 kg respectively. The aim of this study was to find out the effect of suckling and weaning system for reaching sexual puberty and determining the age and weight at puberty in male and female Awassi sheep in addition to their effect on the circumference and size of the testicle and some of the semen characteristics of lambs, which are important characteristics for raising reproductive efficiency of the flock. The study recommends following the 24-hour suckling system and 20 kg weaning system, which leads to approach male lambs at a lower age and higher weight at sexual puberty.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF ADDING GARDEN CRESS (LEPIDIUM SATIVUM) ON RUMEN FERMENTATION OF LOCAL AWASSI LAMBS: تأثير إضافة بذور الرشاد إلى العلف على تخمرات الكرش في الأغنام العواسية

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hameed Abbas, Mohammed Ahmed Shwayel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
Garden Cress ◽  
The Third ◽  
Awassi Sheep ◽  
Awassi Lambs

This study was to study the effect of adding Lepidium sativum to the lamb diets of Awassi sheep. Nine male lambs (their age is 3 months old and their body weight is 19±0.5 Kg) were distributed randomly into 3 treatments (3 lambs per treatment). The coarse feed (hay) was provided freely to lambs, while the concentrated feed was provided based on 3% of the body weight. All treatments were fed on similar diet and differed only in the weight of seeds, where 7.5 g was added to the second treatment (T2) and 15 g of Garden Cress to the third treatment (T3) while the control treatment (T1) left without adding seeds. The experiment continued for 60 days. The results showed a significant increase in pH at 0 hour in treatments T2 and T3 with Garden Cress of 7.5 and 15 g respectively, but there was a significant decrease at 3 hours in treatment T3 and also at 6 hours in T2 and T3 as well. For total phenols there was a decrease at 6 hours in treatment T2.When adding Garden Cress to concentrated rations, it did not significantly affect N-NH3, but improved somewhat of rumen fermentation and microorganism’s numbers at 3 hours for T2 and T3 with Garden Cress of 7.5 and 15 g respectively. There was a significant increase in fatty acids at 6 hours in T2 and T3 while there was no significant effect at other times and treatments.  

scholarly journals Effect of Different Level of Zeolite and Perlite on The Physiological Performance of Awassi Lambs

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (1) ◽  
pp. 012039
Author(s):  
Asaad Fadhel Tarsh ◽  
Ahmed Jawad Al-Yasseri
Keyword(s):  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Density ◽  
The Third ◽  
Awassi Sheep ◽  
Awassi Lambs

Abstract A total of 24 male Awassi lamb aged (4-6) months were used, to determine the effect of different level of zeolite and perlite on the physiological traits of Awassi sheep. Results show that te use of zeolite led to the presence of high significant differences at the level (P ≤ 0.05) of the studied values between the experimental groups and according to the weeks of the study, as the values varied between different weeks in the characteristics of the biochemical blood parameters and values, which are (both cholesterol values, the values of high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, and fats). All treatments of zeolite and perylite and their mixture outperformed the control group, while the fourth treatment T4 outperformed the other treatments, followed by the third treatment T3 over the studied treatments T2 and T1.

Combining Values

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-4, 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Brigham
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Proximal Phalanx ◽  
Common Error ◽  
The Third ◽  
Whole Person ◽  
Impairment Ratings ◽  
Upper Extremity Impairment ◽  
The Individual

Abstract To account for the effects of multiple impairments, evaluating physicians must provide a summary value that combines multiple impairments so the whole person impairment is equal to or less than the sum of all the individual impairment values. A common error is to add values that should be combined and typically results in an inflated rating. The Combined Values Chart in the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, Fifth Edition, includes instructions that guide physicians about combining impairment ratings. For example, impairment values within a region generally are combined and converted to a whole person permanent impairment before combination with the results from other regions (exceptions include certain impairments of the spine and extremities). When they combine three or more values, physicians should select and combine the two lowest values; this value is combined with the third value to yield the total value. Upper extremity impairment ratings are combined based on the principle that a second and each succeeding impairment applies not to the whole unit (eg, whole finger) but only to the part that remains (eg, proximal phalanx). Physicians who combine lower extremity impairments usually use only one evaluation method, but, if more than one method is used, the physician should use the Combined Values Chart.

Journey to the Advisor Within: Exploring Challenge, Transformation and Evolution in Advisor Stories

Relay Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 319-322
Author(s):  
Gamze Güven-Yalçın ◽  
Stephanie Lea Howard ◽  
Hatice Karaaslan
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Reflective Practice ◽  
Message Board ◽  
Initial Experiment ◽  
Narrative Style ◽  
The Third ◽  
Visual Message ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Academic Year

In the Reflective Practice column of the third issue of the Relay Journal, Yamamoto (2019) remarked on the importance of creating a platform for advisors to voice their views, feelings, and experiences, and suggested a need for more reflective narratives to be posted from different social, historical, and cultural contexts in order to provide an intimate view inside advising sessions, thereby offering a better understanding of said advising practices. The aim was to create a forum where advisors could learn from each other, and ultimately, everyone could mutually benefit from the experiences shared. To further this innovative research into Advising in Language Learning (ALL), the initial experiment by language advsiors at Kanda has been replicated in a different setting with four learning advisors from Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Turkey. The design used by the advisors at Kanda, a narrative style adopted while telling the stories, has been expanded to include a visual message board to which 20 learning advisors have contributed with their short reflective captions on their advisor selves. Additionally, the theme used by the advisors at Kanda, “the most memorable advising experience of this academic year” has been altered in our case to avoid repetition and to allow reflection on different aspects of the advising experiences. Thus, our narratives and the visual message board will examine two different themes: (1) How has advising affected you? (2) How do you define yourself as an advisor? Four narratives have elaborated on the first theme of the influence of advising knowledge and practice on the individual advisors, and the visual message board includes 20 images with reflective captions on the second theme of defining advisor identities.

The Free Responsible Action of the Individual

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. DeJonge
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Extreme Situation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Responsible Action ◽  
Action Type ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Church

If, as Chapter 12 argues, much of Bonhoeffer’s resistance thinking remains stable even as he undertakes the novel conspiratorial resistance, what is new in his resistance thinking in the third phase? What receives new theological elaboration is the resistance activity of the individual, which in the first two phases was overshadowed by the resistance role played by the church. Indeed, as this chapter shows, Bonhoeffer’s conspiratorial activity is associated with what he calls free responsible action (type 6), and this is the action of the individual, not the church, in the exercise of vocation. As such, the conspiratorial activity is most closely related to the previously developed type 1 resistance, which includes individual vocational action in response to state injustice. But the conspiratorial activity differs from type 1 resistance as individual vocational action in the extreme situation.

scholarly journals VARIABILITY OF EVOLUTIONARY RATES OF DNA

Genetics ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 1077-1091
Author(s):  
John H Gillespie
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Significant Excess ◽  
Ergodic Markov Chain ◽  
The Third ◽  
Markov Chain Models ◽  
Rate Of Molecular Evolution ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nuclear Loci ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Evolution Of Proteins

ABSTRACT A statistical analysis of DNA sequences from four nuclear loci and five mitochondrial loci from different orders of mammals is described. A major aim of the study is to describe the variation in the rate of molecular evolution of proteins and DNA. A measure of rate variability is the statistic R, the ratio of the variance in the number of substitutions to the mean number. For proteins, R is found to be in the range 0.16 < R < 35.55, thus extending in both directions the values seen in previous studies. An analysis of codons shows that there is a highly significant excess of double substitutions in the first and second positions, but not in the second and third or first and third positions. The analysis of the dynamics of nucleotide evolution showed that the ergodic Markov chain models that are the basis of most published formulas for correcting for multiple substitutions are incompatible with the data. A bootstrap procedure was used to show that the evolution of the individual nucleotides, even the third positions, show the same variation in rates as seen in the proteins. It is argued that protein and silent DNA evolution are uncoupled, with the evolution at both levels showing patterns that are better explained by the action of natural selection than by neutrality. This conclusion is based primarily on a comparison of the nuclear and mitochondrial results.

scholarly journals Dominance relationships and coalitionary aggression against conspecifics in female carrion crows

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedikt Holtmann ◽  
Julia Buskas ◽  
Matthew Steele ◽  
Kristaps Solokovskis ◽  
Jochen B. W. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
The Third ◽  
Dominance Relationships ◽  
Dominant Individual ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Cooperation is a prevailing feature of many animal systems. Coalitionary aggression, where a group of individuals engages in coordinated behaviour to the detriment of conspecific targets, is a form of cooperation involving complex social interactions. To date, evidence has been dominated by studies in humans and other primates with a clear bias towards studies of male-male coalitions. We here characterize coalitionary aggression behaviour in a group of female carrion crows consisting of recruitment, coordinated chase, and attack. The individual of highest social rank liaised with the second most dominant individual to engage in coordinated chase and attack of a lower ranked crow on several occasions. Despite active intervention by the third most highly ranked individual opposing the offenders, the attack finally resulted in the death of the victim. All individuals were unrelated, of the same sex, and naïve to the behaviour excluding kinship, reproduction, and social learning as possible drivers. Instead, the coalition may reflect a strategy of the dominant individual to secure long-term social benefits. Overall, the study provides evidence that members of the crow family engage in coordinated alliances directed against conspecifics as a possible means to manipulate their social environment.

The Literary Form and Liturgical Background of Psalm Lxxxix

1961 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 321-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Literary Form ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Individual

AbstractPs. lxxxix is in many ways the most interesting and important of the royal psalms. Taken as a whole it is a lamentation (vss. 39-52) over the frustration of God's promises to the Davidic dynasty (vss. 20-38), which were made possible by his cosmic sovereignty (6-15). The first part of the psalm recalls the hymns of Yahweh's enthronement (xlvii, xciii, xcv-c), the second, the oracle of Nathan (2 Sam. vii; Ps. cxxxii), and the third, the individual lamentations of the Psalter. This complexity of form and content has led most commentators to divide the psalm into two or three originally separate poems, and to interpret their significance more or less independently of each other. It is the aim of the present study to demonstrate the formal integrity of the psalm as it appears in the Psalter, and to discover, if possible, its original liturgical setting.

HESRi country impact and uptake in Slovenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Gabrijelčič Blenkus
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Health Equity ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
National Development ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Inequalities In Health ◽  
The Third ◽  
Health Report ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Equity and solidarity are strongly embedded in Slovene society from the second half of the 20th century on. Questions, exploring equity issues date in 1964, as a part of the Slovene Public Opinion (SPO) Survey. Slovenia is reporting on health equity and wellbeing in three strands. The first one is regular Human Development Report, based on Slovene Development Strategy since 2007, delegated partially to Institute of Economic Research (IER). Second one is regular Inequalities in Health Report, led by National Institute of Public Health (NIPH), and based on the National Health Strategy, since 2011. The third one is regular Poverty Report, led by Institute of Social Protection (ISP), based on the decision of the Parliamentarian Commission for Health and Social Affairs in 2013. NIPH comprehensively reported on Inequalities in Health in 2011, at that time based on direct measures of socio-economic status (SES) like education, or indirect measures or indexes (as development index or deprivation index of the municipality). In the second, 2018 report, several developments enabled for reporting health equity gap based on the individual SES status and first few cases of policy influences on equity status were described. In line with the WHO Rio SDH declaration 2011, in the third Health Equity Report, planned for 2021, further shift is foreseen and focus will be given to the policies influencing the equity gaps. For the 2021 Health Equity Report for Slovenia, three national key institutions (NIJZ, IER and ISP) decided to work together, based on the established multisectoral competences. WHO HESRi was developed and launched in best possible timing for the Slovene national initiative, to provide the international support, insights and facilitate further national development. Slovene priorities will be defined according to the national interests, Slovene presidency to EU in 2021 and Country Specific Recommendations in the frame of the European Semester.

Aspołeczne „my”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Bartula
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Community Or ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Individual

ASOCIAL “WE” The problems discussed in the book are revealed by the well-known view of Aristotle that man is a cultural, social and political being: ...And he who by nature and not by mere accident lives outside the state, is either a wretch or superhuman being; he is ‘without lineage, law, hearth,‘ as denoted by Homer, because if someone is such a person by nature, he desires passionately war, being isolated, as a stone excluded from dice. Furthermore, It appears that the state is a creation of nature and most of all concerns the individual because when each person separately is not self-sufficient, he will be placed in the same relation to the state like these and other parts in relation to a whole. However, one who is unable to live in the community, or does not need it at all, being self-sufficient, such a person is not a member of the state, so he must be either a beast or god. Directed by the spirit of contrariness, I will add Friedrich Nietzsche’s comment : “Aristotle says that in order to live alone one must be either an animal or a god. The third alternative is lacking. A man must be both – a philosopher.”

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