scholarly journals The System of Government in The Sultanate of Wadai (1615 – 1900): نظام الحكم في سلطنة وداي (1615 ــ 1900) م

Author(s):  
Assadik Ahmad Adam Assadik Ahmad Adam

The aim of the research is to identify how the ruling system prevailing in this vast sultanate, as well as to study and analyze the reality of the ruling system in it, and the purpose of that is to emulate what is qualified for that. The problem of the study is based on the philosophy of the ruling system over the previous centuries, which was adopted in the Valley of the Sultanate of Before its sultans who did a good job in order to advance the sultanate to the best political levels, it turned out that the problem of the research lies in the lack of clarity of the prevailing system of governance adopted by those sultans, so how was the prevailing system of governance in this sultanate? The most important results were as follows: 1- During the reign of its great sultans, the Sultanate of Wadai was able to establish a tight administrative system, which was applied in all the provinces of the Sultanate, which helped in the length of their rule, which lasted for nearly four centuries. 2- Dividing the region into colonels, which included most of the region’s tribes, especially the incoming tribes. 3- The emergence of the impact of Islamic civilization clearly in the Sultanate of Wadai in all the ruling systems followed in the country (the courts, the judiciary, the Imamate, the caliphate, and others).

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Mohammed Enab

Bayt al-mal is one of the important architectural innovations that characterized the Islamic civilization. It represents the treasury of the Islamic State, which preserves the various financial resources of the State. The Bayt al-mal appeared in the era of the Prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him), and its layout was simple reflects the simplicity of Islam. Its location was inside the mosque or adjacent to it. Bayt al-mal developed with the expansion of the Islamic State and the Islamic conquests, and it has a special called Diwan Bayt al-mal. Domes were built in mosques as one of the branches and sections of the Bayt al-mal. These domes were dedicated to preserving the different funds of the endowments and places. The location of these domes was in the great mosques' courtyard. They rise from the courtyard's surface and based on eight columns. These domes appeared especially in Umayyad mosques in Syria and Palestine. Then they spread in most countries in the east and west of the Islamic world. This research deals with the concept of the Bayt al-mal; its names, origin, architectural development, and the reasons to build them. This research also studies the dimension of jurisprudence in the building of these domes. It used an analytical study of the architectural shape of these domes and studies the impact of functional dimension on the form and plan of these domes. This study shows the remaining examples of these domes in Islamic mosques and mentions some examples of the extinct ones.


2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-170
Author(s):  
Khasan Bisri

In the writing of Islamic cultural history, there are almost all the books write about war. The lessonbooks of Islamic cultural history in the school also not inseparable from material about war. Thismatter if not addressed properly by the teachers and students there was great potential false perceptioneven erroneous, so there needs the right strategy for the students so that has not wrong perceptionabout war in Islam. This research has purposes for knowing Islamic cultural history teacher strategyin reconstruction the material about war and its impact to the students. Data collection was done byinterview, observation, documentation, and checking data validation with triangulation. The teachermethod to reconstruct war material in Islamic civilization by explaining to the students the jihad anddakwah concept firstly, then the background of war happening, value / ibrah / moral value that canbe taken from the war occurrence, and also explains various phenomenon or actual issues that washappening recently, and then connected with that war material. The impact for the students is whenthe teacher conveys the war material attractively and fun can be divided into two, cognitive impact andattitude impact.Keywords : Islamic Cultural History Strategy, Material Construction, War.


Author(s):  
Ariel Ezrachi

‘Mergers and acquisitions’ discusses mergers and acquisitions. While of potential benefit to society, mergers, takeovers, share acquisitions, and joint ventures also affect the market structure, and at times may reduce competition. When markets become more concentrated following a merger, we move further away from a competitive market structure to a structure in which market power might undermine the competitive process. To address this risk, the competition agency must assess the impact of the transaction. There are important procedural differences between the European administrative system and the US system in terms of the appraisal of mergers and acquisitions. Other types of mergers include: horizontal mergers, vertical mergers, and conglomerate transactions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-79

The article discusses the development of Islamophobia in Spain and the connection with the ruling of Islam in Andalus, including the impact of Reconquista (re-conquest) that was followed by inquisition; and the connection between Islamophobia and the changing orientalist tradition which impact social and political constellation in Andalus and the West in general up to Post 9/11. Employing a qualitative approach, this study shows that the rise of Islamophobia in Spain in the modern-contemporary era is enabled through the rise of populist politics in Europe in general. Populist rhetoric revives the memories of Islamic domination in Andalus and Reconquista to win votes. Islamophobia is also worsened by Islamophilia— uncritical admiration of the values of Islam, generally associated with an admiration of Islamic civilization and Maurophilia – the explicit romanticization of the Moors in Spanish literature and the complex, often silent presence of Moorish forms in Spanish material culture. This study also demonstrates that hate rhetoric towards Islam in contemporary era is highly influenced by the development of American Orientalism model motivated by war or revenge against terrorism.


2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Miftahul Jannah

Style of parenting can`t be separated by moral behavior in educating children, how to have morals in life, especially in the family environment and parents this sekolah.Dewasa many difficulties and problems in educating children, from academics, intellectuals, state officials moreover from lower socioeconomic circles who have no education and mature economies. The problem lies in the failure of parents to educate generations obedient to Allah and will understand Islamic values. Various problems occur for example brawl, free sex, lack incapacity to control children in the associate, drugs, and various other criminal. Events and these events often occur in big cities but now shifts to all levels of society, both in rural and metropolitan cities. The teenagers went along with all the negative behavior without thinking about the impact of the negative impacts that will be experienced both for himself and his parents have failed to maintain the good name of both parents in the world and in the presence of Allah, for failing to do good deeds as an eternal charity before Allah Swt. Our country is far backward from the Islamic civilization since leaving the values of Islam, the developed world have left their ignorance and are following Islamic law that is believed to be true in the welfare of the ummah. Generani Islamic Ummah and Islam must educate by parents who have the foundation of Islam in the household so that kusesesan begins within the family nucleus and then continues into the school environment and the community. Abstrak: gaya pengasuhan orang tua tidak terlepas dengan moral dalam mendidik perilaku anak, bagaimana agar memiliki moral dalam kehidupan, terutama di lingkungan keluarga dan sekolah.Dewasa ini orang tua banyak mengalami kesulitan dan permasalahan dalam mendidik anak, b aik dari kalangan akademisi, intelektual, petinggi negara apalagi dari kalangan sosial ekonomi bawah yang tidak memiliki pendidikan dan ekonomi yang matang. Permasalahan orang tua terletak pada gagalnya mendidik generasi yang taat pada Allah Swt dan paham akan nilai-nilai keislaman. Berbagai masalah terjadi misalnya tawuran, free sex, ketidak sanggupan mengontrol anak dalam bergaul, narkoba, dan berbagai macam kriminal lainnya. Kejadian dan peristiwa ini sering terjadi di kota besar namun sekarang bergeser ke semua tingkatan masyarakat baik di desa, dan kota metropolitan. Para remaja ikut - ikutan dengan segala dampak perilaku negatif tanpa memikirkan dampak negatif yang akan dialami baik untuk dirinya dan orang tuanya telah gagal menjaga nama baik orang tua baik di dunia dan di hadapan Allah Swt, karena gagal dalam beramal shalih sebagai amal yang kekal di hadapan Allah Swt. Negara kita jauh mundur ke belakang dari peradaban Islam karena meninggalkan nilai-nilai islam, dunia maju telah meninggalkan kejahilan mereka dan sedang mengikuti syariat islam yang diyakini kebenarannya dalam mensejahterakan ummat. Ummat islam dan generani Islam harus didik oleh orang tua yang memiliki landasan keislaman dalam rumah tangga sehingga kusesesan di mulai dalam keluarga inti kemudian berlanjut ke dalam lingkungan sekolah dan masyarakat Kata kunci: Pola Pengasuhan orang tua, moral dan remaja


1970 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 65-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard K. Diao

China's economic leadership was profoundly affected by the Cultural Revolution. As members of the governing bureaucracy and, all but a tiny group, members also of the Communist Party, economic officials were among the prime targets of Mao Tse-tung's drive to de-bureau-cratize the Party and the entire Chinese administrative system. Almost half of them were attacked during the three years the revolution raged. Some of these men retained their positions, but most appear to have been purged.


2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-180
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abu Zeid

What was deprived of food and drink it was harmful to a person's health or himself. In this research, the researcher deals with the prohibitions of food and drink in the Holy Quran, as it explains how the ban of these beverages had a definite impact on the Islamic nation in the best conditions of physical and psychological health. This research will solve according to the inductive and descriptive approach, whereby the researcher will extrapolate the Quranic text and determine the prohibitions of foods and beverages in it, whether they are specific or outlined in the Quranic texts such as the prohibition of malice. The researcher will transfer the findings of Sharia scholars or natural sciences scientists from the harms of those taboos And its mental, psychological, and physical effects. He described the impact of the purity of Islamic society on these taboos on the development and advancement of Islamic civilization    


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-41
Author(s):  
Hasbi Aswar

This article aims to critically analyze the secularization perspective on political Islam, focusing on the Indonesian context. The secular perspective has its fundamental doctrine that democracy, separation of State and Religion, and nationalism should be the only system to manage one State. Many people always use kind of argument, even scholars, including in Indonesia, to reject the concept of the Islamic State. This article used descriptive analysis to elaborate the secularization perspective on political Islam in Indonesia and the critical analysis from the Islamic perspective.  Furthermore, it also explains the impact of using such a perspective in analyzing the discourse of Political Islam. This article found that the responses of the Muslim figures or people on political Islam in Indonesia are influenced by the secularization perspective instead of using the Islamic perspective. Islamic perspective on political Islam is derived from the Islamic methodology that authoritative scholars have formulated in the past. The secular perspective on politics, as a result, contributed to the decline of the Islamic civilization and colonization from the western power.


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