scholarly journals Association between Gender and Prevalence of Pit and Fissure Caries among Patients Visiting Private Dental College - A Retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 568-573
Author(s):  
Indumathy Pandiyan ◽  
Raj S S ◽  
Arthi Balasubramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Information Management System ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Class 1

Oral health contributes to personal well being and overall quality of life of an individual. Adequate knowledge regarding oral health is mandatory as it is directly related to general health, so the Aim of our study was to determine the association between Gender and Prevalence of Pit and Fissure caries among the patients visiting Private Dental College. A retrospective study was conducted among the patients visiting private dental colleges using their case records in the electronic information management system. The subjects were selected randomly from the digital data entry and the data required was collected. The records were collected from the month of June 2019 to March 2020, with a total of 24,525 case sheets were retrieved. Age of the patients was categorized into 18 to 25 years, 26 to 35 years and 36 to 45 years. Case sheets which recorded Class 1 occlusal pit and fissure caries and gender of the patients were used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics, chi-square statistical tests were conducted using the SPSS software version 23.0. In our sample, 60.4% of males had 7-12 occlusal pit and fissure caries, and 58.3% had 4-6 Occlusal Pit and Fissure caries followed by 58.4% had 0-3 occlusal pit and Fissure caries. Comparatively the females had a lesser number of occlusal Pit and Fissure caries, and there was no statistically significant association between gender and occlusal pit and fissure caries (P<0.05) in our study. In conclusion, the prevalence of occlusal Pit and Fissure caries was higher among males compared to females with the highest distribution in the age group of 18 to 25 years.

scholarly journals Correlation between Age, Gender and Habits among Children - A Retrospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 418-422
Author(s):  
Sanjana Devi ◽  
Revathi Duraisamy
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Nail Biting ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Thumb Sucking ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

Oral health influences the overall health of an individual. Hence, when oral health is affected the general well-being of the individual is unbalanced. Habits are repetitive actions done automatically. They represent an altered pattern of muscle contraction, done unconsciously and on a regular basis. Some habits are helpful, whereas other habits are deleterious over the long run. Habits can be either functional or non-functional. Functional habits include repeating normal functions unnecessarily like swallowing, chewing and nasal breathing. Whereas non-functional habits are unnecessary extra functions like thumb-sucking, nail-biting and lip sucking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between age, gender and habits. A retrospective study was conducted in the Saveetha Dental College, Chennai, India. Ethical clearance was obtained from the SRB committee, Saveetha Dental College, Chennai, India. The clinical portion of this retrospective study was conducted over nine months, i.e., between June 2019 to March 2020. Data were collected from a total of 86000 patients who visited the Saveetha dental college between Jun 2019 to March 2020. Out of this, the data of 400 patients who visited the institute were retrieved with the inclusion criteria of the study. The data obtained were tabulated in SPSS for Windows, version 20. Frequencies were analysed. Chi square test was done to evaluate the association between age, gender and habits. In the present study, there was 35.3% were males, and 64.7% were females. 15.6% were four years of age, 9% were five years of age, 11.3% were six years of age, 10.7% were seven years of age, 17.6% were eight years of age, 12.7% were nine years of age, 0.6% were ten years of age, 10.7% were 11 years of age. 16.8% have tongue thrusting, 36.1% have thumb sucking, 25.7% have nail-biting, 21.4% have mouth breathing. Within the limitations of this study, there was no significant association between habits and age [P=0.086] and gender [P=0.102].

Smokers’ Melanosis in a Nigerian Population: A Preliminary Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 68-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon O. Nwhator ◽  
Kofo Winfunke-Savage ◽  
Patricia Ayanbadejo ◽  
Sunny O. Jeboda
Keyword(s):  
Buccal Mucosa ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Nigerian Population ◽  
Preliminary Study

Abstract Aim Terms relating to pigmentation of the oral mucosa include physiologic (racial) pigmentation, oral pigmented nevi, oral melanotic maculae, melanoma, and smokers’ melanosis. The literature is replete with studies about oral mucosal pigmentation which is thought to result from melanin incontinence. The documented etiological factors are both local and systemic and include hormones, drugs, smoking, and idiopathic causes. This study investigated the prevalence of melanosis among Nigerian smokers and controls who were non-smokers. Methods and Materials A total of 1270 sites were examined in 253 subjects consisting of 60 smokers and 193 non-smokers. They were all systemically healthy adults drawn from 12 factories located in different urban and rural settings in the state of Lagos in Nigeria. Five oral mucosal sites were examined per subject. A single examiner performed all examinations and recorded all findings. Pigmentation was scored either as “present” or “absent.” Subjects’ smoking status, degree, and duration of smoking were ascertained and recorded using an examiner-administered questionnaire. Results There were five pigmented sites (0.52%) among non-smokers and 18 (6%) among smokers. The buccal mucosa was the most frequently pigmented site found in smokers while the lingual mucosa was the most common site found for non-smokers. The prevalence of pigmented sites increased directly among smokers with the duration of smoking (years); degree of smoking (cigarettes smoked per day); and smoking pack-years (degree of smoking divided by 20 and multiplied by duration of smoking, where 20 is the average number of cigarettes in a pack of cigarettes). SPSS version 11.0 was used for data entry and analysis. Frequency distributions were generated for all categorical variables for descriptive aspects of the analysis. Means were determined for quantitative variables such as age and number of cigarettes smoked. For homogenous variances, the student's t test was used for quantitative variables between smokers and nonsmokers, while for non-homogenous variances the Mann-Whitney test was adopted. Chi-square statistic was used for comparisons between smokers and non-smokers. In tables with low expected frequencies, Fisher's exact test was adopted. Statistical tests yielding p-values =/<0.5 were considered significant. Conclusions Smokers in this study had a significantly higher prevalence of pigmented oral mucosal sites (melanosis) than non-smokers. The number of pigmented sites increased with the degree and duration of smoking. The buccal mucosa was the most frequently pigmented site found among the smokers in this study. Citation Nwhator SO, Winfunke-Savage K, Ayanbadejo P, Jeboda SO. Smokers’ Melanosis in a Nigerian Population: A Preliminary Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2007 July;(8)5:068-075.

Association between Optimism, Psychosocial Well Being and Oral Health: A Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Thiruvenkadam ◽  
Sharath Asokan ◽  
J Baby John ◽  
PR Geetha Priya
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Psychosocial Outcomes ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Chi Square Test

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the association of optimism and psychosocial well being of school going children on their oral health status. Study design: The study included 12- to 15-year-old school going children (N = 2014) from Tamilnadu, India. Optimism was measured using the revised version of the Life Orientation Test (LOT-R). A questionnaire was sent to the parents regarding their child's psychosocial behavior which included shyness, feeling inferiority, unhappiness and friendliness. Clinical examination for each child was done to assess the DMFT score and OHI-S score. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using Pearson Chi-Square test, Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis test with the aid of SPSS software (version 17). Odds Ratio (OR) was calculated with 95% Confidence Interval (CI). The p value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Boys with high optimism had significantly lesser DMFT score than the boys with low optimism (p=0.001). Girls with high optimism had significantly higher DMFT score (p=0.001). In psychosocial outcomes, inferiority (p=0.002) and friendliness (p=0.001) showed significant association with DMFT score. Among the boys, children who felt less inferior (p=0.001), less unhappy (p=0.029) and more friendly (p=0.001) had lesser DMFT score. Conclusion: Among the psychosocial outcomes assessed, inferiority and friendliness had significant association with oral health of the children and hence, can be used as a proxy measures oral health.

scholarly journals A KAP study of oral health status among adults in a rural area of Jammu District

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Kiran Bala ◽  
Reecha Gupta ◽  
Anjum Ara ◽  
Bhavna Sahni
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Oral Health Status ◽  
Health Practices ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Oral Health Practices

Background: Oral health is an integral part of general health and well being. It is important to know about the factors which having a bearing on oral health so that preventive measures can be taken. A research activity was planned to assess the oral health status and oral health practices of people in a rural community of Jammu region as very little is known about the knowledge and oral health practices of adults residing in this area.Methods: A cross sectional study for a period of four months was conducted in a village Tanda of R.S.Pura block of Jammu district. 324 adults above the age of 20 years (145 males and 179 females) were interviewed face to face with the help of a questionnaire consisting of questions from WHO technique of self assessment of oral health along with some more questions exploring the knowledge, attitude and local oral health practices.Results: The overall results showed adequate knowledge but poor attitude regarding oral health.   Out of 324 subjects studied, 41.7% paid dental visits on having pain in teeth, gums or mouth and only 3.0% visited dentist routinely. 85.6 % of participants reported using brush and toothpaste but only 24.0% of all respondents brushed twice a day and only 16.7% of the respondents changed their tooth brush within three months.Conclusions: Oral health awareness, by promoting community based programs should be undertaken at periodic intervals for better oral health and hygiene.

scholarly journals Corelation Behavior of Maintaining Oral and Dental Health With OHI-S Index in SDN 06 Gadut Agam District

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Eka Sukanti
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test

Maintenance of teeth in children was still lacking. Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) is influenced by the behavior of maintaining dental and oral health. This study aims to know relationship of the behavior of dental and oral health with the of OHI-S index grader V and VI in elementary school students 06 Gadut Agam 2016. This design study was of analytic with cross sectional method. The population of the research conducted in elementary  grade V and VI school students 06 Gadut Agam, sampling techniques with saturated sampling/research on population. Statistic analysis using Chi-square test. Research results showed the behavior of maintaining dental and oral health with criteria good enough 18 people (51.4%), criteria less 12 people (34.3%) and criteria very good 5 people (14.3%). Students who have an OHI-S middle index 33 people (94.3%) and good indexonly 2 people (5.7%). The results of statistical tests obtained value value = 0.002 (p-value ≤ 0.05) have a significant correlation between the behavior of maintaining dental and oral health with OHI-S index in elementary school students 06 Gadut Agam District . Behavior of dental and oral health can be described from the index of OHI-S. It is seen that students consuming sugary foods and sticky without rinse or brush their teeth.

scholarly journals Factors associated with conducting planning for secondary oral health care services in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Hilan Gomes de Lucena ◽  
Rênnis Oliveira da Silva ◽  
Carolina Dantas Rocha Xavier de Lucena ◽  
Amalia Issufo Mepatia ◽  
Yuri Wanderley Cavalcanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Service Management ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Service Production

Abstract Background: Planning in health services specifically aims to improve the health status of a given population, guaranteeing access with equity and justice, as well as streamlining the response of the health system to the needs perceived by the community. This research aims to identify the factors associated with planning Specialized Dental Clinics (SDCs).Methods: Secondary data were used from the external evaluation of the database of the first National Program for Access and Quality Improvement of SDCs (NPAQI–SDCs) and the informed Outpatient Information System of the Unified Health System (OIS/UHS), which contains data on the specialized dental procedures performed at SDCs. It consisted of a quantitative study in which Pearson chi-square statistical tests (p ˂ 0.05) and a multivariate logistic regression were applied with odds ratio (OR) estimate. Results: The results indicated that the realization of planning in SDCs was associated with lower coverage of the Oral Health Team of the Familiy Health Strategy in a municipality (OR = 1.4; 95% CI: 1.0-1.9, p = 0.049), additional training for managers (p = 0.038), the practice of self-assessment (OR = 8.2; 95% CI: 5.8-11.6; p = 0.000) and meeting service production targets (OR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2-3.2; p = 0.011). Conclusion: The results indicate that the work processes of the SDCs, especially with regard to service management, are essential to the proper functioning of the service and the practice of planning is linked to the technical capacity and commitment of service managers.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of coconut oil pulling as an adjuvant to oral hygiene procedure on plaque-induced gingivitis among middle-aged adults – An interventional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
V. Menaka ◽  
G. Kavya ◽  
R. Bhuvaneshwari ◽  
Ain Syuhada Azali ◽  
S. Aparna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Promising Result ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Folk Remedy

Objectives: Oral health correlates with systemic health, and maintaining oral health is very important because the oral cavity is considered as a reflection of the general well-being of a human body. Daily plaque removal with a toothbrush is an important component of most oral hygiene programs intended to prevent and control two globally leading oral afflictions dental caries and periodontal diseases. Failure to comply and lack of technical skills of the patient has lessened the effectiveness of conventional tooth brushing. Because of this, research efforts have focused on adjuvant therapy along with brushing for reducing and controlling plaque-induced oral diseases. One such measure is oil pulling. Oil pulling has been used extensively as a traditional Indian folk remedy for many years to prevent decay, oral malodor, bleeding gums, dryness of throat, cracked lips, etc. Most of the studies have been done using sesame oil. Since coconut oil also has many health effects such as boosting the immune system and antimicrobial properties, this can also help in fighting against various pathogens of oral cavity that will in turn act as an effective plaque control agent. Hence, with this background, this study is contemplated to evaluate the benefit of oil pulling along with normal brushing techniques in adults under the age group of 35–44 years. Materials and Methods: Forty healthy subjects belonging to both the sexes who presented with plaque-induced gingivitis will be selected for the study and will be divided into control and study groups. The patients will be informed about the nature and purpose of the study. Health education will be provided to all the students. The modified bass technique will be demonstrated to the participants and they are directed to brush twice daily for 3 min. Toothbrush and toothpaste will be provided to all participants. Among them, 20 subjects were instructed to continue their normal oral hygiene procedures along with coconut oil pulling. Data collected were subjected to appropriate statistical tests using SPSS version 20. Results: A highly statistical difference was seen between the two groups and within the groups. Conclusion: The usage of coconut oil pulling as an adjuvant to oral hygiene gives a promising result.

scholarly journals Factors associated with conducting planning for secondary oral health care services in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Hilan Gomes de Lucena ◽  
Rênnis Oliveira da Silva ◽  
Carolina Dantas Rocha Xavier de Lucena ◽  
Amalia Issufo Mepatia ◽  
Yuri Wanderley Cavalcanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Service Management ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Service Production

Abstract Background: Planning in health services specifically aims to improve the health status of a given population, guaranteeing access with equity and justice, as well as streamlining the response of the health system to the needs perceived by the community. This research aims to identify the factors associated with planning Specialized Dental Clinics (SDCs).Methods: Secondary data were used from the external evaluation of the database of the first National Program for Access and Quality Improvement of SDCs (NPAQI–SDCs) and the informed Outpatient Information System of the Unified Health System (OIS/UHS), which contains data on the specialized dental procedures performed at SDCs. It consisted of a quantitative study in which Pearson chi-square statistical tests (p ˂ 0.05) and a multivariate logistic regression were applied with odds ratio (OR) estimate. Results: The results indicated that the realization of planning in SDCs was associated with lower coverage of the Oral Health Team of the Familiy Health Strategy in a municipality (OR = 1.4; 95% CI: 1.0-1.9, p = 0.049), additional training for managers (p = 0.038), the practice of self-assessment (OR = 8.2; 95% CI: 5.8-11.6; p = 0.000) and meeting service production targets (OR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2-3.2; p = 0.011). Conclusion: The results indicate that the work processes of the SDCs, especially with regard to service management, are essential to the proper functioning of the service and the practice of planning is linked to the technical capacity and commitment of service managers.

scholarly journals Factors associated with conducting planning for secondary oral health care services in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Hilan Gomes de Lucena ◽  
Rênnis Oliveira da Silva ◽  
Carolina Dantas Rocha Xavier de Lucena ◽  
Amalia Issufo Mepatia ◽  
Yuri Wanderley Cavalcanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Service Management ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Service Production

Abstract Background Planning in health services specifically aims to improve the health status of a given population, guaranteeing access with equity and justice, as well as streamlining the response of the health system to the needs perceived by the community. This research aims to identify the factors associated with planning Specialized Dental Clinics (SDCs). Methods Secondary data were used from the external evaluation of the database of the first National Program for Access and Quality Improvement of SDCs (NPAQI–SDCs) and the informed Outpatient Information System of the Unified Health System (OIS/UHS), which contains data on the specialized dental procedures performed at SDCs. It consisted of a quantitative study in which Pearson chi-square statistical tests (p < 0.05) and a multivariate logistic regression were applied with odds ratio (OR) estimate. Results The results indicated that the realization of planning in SDCs was associated with lower coverage of the Oral Health Team of the Familiy Health Strategy in a municipality (OR = 1.4; 95% CI: 1.0–1.9, p = 0.049), additional training for managers (p = 0.038), the practice of self-assessment (OR = 8.2; 95% CI: 5.8–11.6; p = 0.000) and meeting service production targets (OR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2–3.2; p = 0.011). Conclusion The results indicate that the work processes of the SDCs, especially with regard to service management, are essential to the proper functioning of the service and the practice of planning is linked to the technical capacity and commitment of service managers.

scholarly journals Study on sustainable livelihoods of fishers from Chalan beel, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-114
Author(s):  
SM Rezaul Karim ◽  
KM Abdul Halim ◽  
Md Asek Uddin ◽  
Most Farida Yeasmin ◽  
KM Hasanuzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Land Holdings ◽  
Household Heads

An assessment was carried out to observe the impacts of fish sanctuary on the livelihoods from fishers of Ruhul beel and Bamonji beel under Chalan beel in Pabna district of Bangladesh. Data were collected from selected sanctuary sites with prepared and pretested questionnaire and analyzed through statistical tests like ANOVA (Analysis of Variance), regression, correlation, Chi-square were used to identify the relationships between variables and significant differences/association among them. From physical capital point of view, it was found that 91.3% of fishermen’s houses were katcha, 6.52% were semi-pacca, and only 2.17% were pucca in case of Ruhul beel and in case of Bamonji beel 90.54% of fishermen’s houses were katcha, 8.11% were semi-pacca, and only 1.35% were pacca. There was no significant variation (ANOVA; P>0.05, Chi Square test; non-significant at 0.05 level) among the residences by well-being. From human capital, average age of the household heads (HHH) was 37.95(±) 1.354 for Ruhul beel respectively, whereas for Bamonji beel the average age were 38.05(±) 1.064. The medium aged group fishermen were dominant in Ruhul beel than Bamonji beel. There were no significant difference (P>0.05) found between the age groups by well-being. From income capital it was observed highest part of income were come from fishing contributing 64.89% (653.72±128.82 US$), 43.58% (431.89±74.66 US$) for Ruhul beel and Bamonji beel respectively. As per as natural and social capital, average used land holding was 0.274±0.136 ranging 0.065 ha to 0.534 ha for Ruhul beel and 0.228±0.305 ha ranging 0.040 to 0.267 ha for Bamonji beel. The average land holdings did not vary significantly (P>0.05) between the sites. Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2020, 5 (3), 100-114

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