scholarly journals Determination of Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of the Whole Plant Extracts of Argyreia imbricata (Roth) Sant. & Patel

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 919-625
Author(s):  
Sebastin V ◽  
Gopalakrishnan G ◽  
Sreejith M ◽  
Anoob Kumar K I
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Plants of the genus Argyreia  posses’ ethno medicinal importance and various pharmacological activities are also reported. In this study, phenolic content, anti-oxidant potential of different extracts of Argyreia imbricata was evaluated. Extraction of powdered whole plant material was done with different solvents viz., petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol by soxhelation. The estimation of phenolics in the selected extracts of Argyreia imbricata was done by using a Folin-Ciocalteau reagent. The antioxidant potential of different extracts was evaluated by total anti-oxidant capacity, DPPH, hydroxyl and nitric oxide radical scavenging and reducing power assay methods. In the phenolics estimation, the methanol extract showed a significant presence of phenolic content followed by ethyl acetate extract. In case of anti-oxidant activity, the methanol and ethyl acetate extract showed a significant activity based on their concentration. The findings of this study clearly revealed the potential of methanol extract of A. imbricata in phenolic content and anti-oxidant activity. Also, the ethyl acetate extract showed significant results. Further studies on identification, isolation of the active constituents, toxicity evaluations may give useful results.

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF EXTRACTS FROM THE LEAVES AND STEM BARKS OF Artocarpus scortechinii KING

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shajarahtunnur Jamil ◽  
Norazah Basar ◽  
Norzafneza Mohd Arriffin
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Calibration Graph ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Capacity

The antioxidant activities of extracts (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol) from the leaves and stem barks of Artocarpus scortechinii were evaluated using various biochemical assays. The quantification of the Total Antioxidant Capacity was measured using ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays. While, the qualitative of The Total Phenolic Content (TPC) was determined via standard gallic acid calibration graph which was expressed as mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g of dry weight (dw) using Folin Ciocalteau’s reagent. Among all the extracts tested, the methanolic extract of the stem barks showed the highest phenolic content with TPC value of 136.84 mg GAE/g dry weight (dw). FRAP results were expressed as mM equivalent to FeSO4.7H2O by calculating from the standard FeSO4.7H2O calibration graph. The ethyl acetate extract of the stem barks showed the most significant reducing potential in the range between 0.27-2.47 mM FRAP. ABTS+˙ radical scavenging capacity showed that the ethyl acetate extract of the stem barks had the highest scavenging capacity at concentration 1.0 mM with percentage of 90.9%.

scholarly journals Anti-oxidant, hypoglycemic and anti-hyperglycemic properties of Syzygium calophyllifolium

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Chandran ◽  
Saikumar Sathyanarayanan ◽  
Murugan Rajan ◽  
Muniyandi Kasipandi ◽  
Thangaraj Parimelazhagan
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Anti Oxidant

<p class="Abstract">The article discusses anti-oxidant oral glucose tolerance and anti-hyperglycemic potentials of <em>Syzygium calophyllifolium</em>. Extracts from successive solvent extraction were tested for the total phenolic, tannin, flavonoid content and free radical scavenging property using DPPH, ABTS<sup>+</sup>, phosphomolyb-denum, FRAP, superoxide and metal chelating assays. Ethyl acetate extract of bark responded well against DPPH (IC<sub>50</sub> 4.13), ABTS<sup>+</sup> (36832.29 µM TE/ g extract),phosphomolybdenum (100.4 g AAE/100g extract), superoxide and metal ion radicals. The methanol extract of bark was also found as an effective radical scavenger. The leaf methanol extract also showed significant anti-oxidant ability. The bark methanol extract could potentially reduce the blood glucose level in glucose loaded and diabetic rats. The immense anti-oxidant potential of <em>S. calophyllifolium</em> leaf and bark extracts could be taken as a good source of natural anti-oxidant supplement in food to defend oxidative stress related disorders like diabetes.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF MELINJO (GNETUM GNEMON L.) SEED EXTRACTS AND MOLECULAR DOCKING OF ITS STILBENE CONSTITUENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 243
Author(s):  
Abdul Mun'im ◽  
Muhammad Ashar Munadhil ◽  
Nuraini Puspitasari ◽  
Azminah . ◽  
Arry Yanuar
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Gnetum Gnemon ◽  
Ace Inhibitory

ABSTRACTObjectives: To evaluate the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of melinjo (Gnetum gnemon) seed extract and to study moleculardocking of stilbene contained in melinjo seeds.Methods: Melinjo seed powders were extracted with n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water successively. The extracts wereevaluated ACE inhibitory activities using ACE kit-Wist and the phenolic content using Folin–Ciocalteu method. The extract demonstrated the highestACE inhibitory activity was subjected to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to know its stilbene constituent. The stilbene constituentsin melinjo seed were performed molecular docking using AutoDock Vina, and ligand-receptor Interactions were processed using Ligand Scout.Results: The ethyl acetate extract demonstrated the highest ACE inhibition activity with inhibitory concentration 50% value of 9.77 × 10−8 μg/mLand the highest total phenolic content (575.9 mg gallic acid equivalent/g). Ultra-performance LC-MS analysis of ethyl acetate extract has detected theexistency of resveratrol, gnetin C, ε-viniferin, and gnemonoside A/B. These compounds displayed similar physiochemical properties to lisinopril (ACEinhibitor), as in silico molecular docking studies demonstrated that they fit into the lisinopril receptors.Conclusion: In vitro analysis ethyl acetate extract from melinjo seeds demonstrated the highest ACE inhibitory activity. Molecular docking analysisindicated that resveratrol dimers, gnetin C and gnemonoside A can be considered ACE inhibitor.Keywords: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, Gnetum gnemon, Melinjo, Total phenolic, Antihypertension, Molecular docking.

scholarly journals Effects of solvent extraction system on antioxidant activity of Lamium purpureum L.

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-370
Author(s):  
Slavica Grujic ◽  
Ana Dzamic ◽  
Violeta Mitic ◽  
Vesna Stankov-Jovanovic ◽  
P.D. Marin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Radical Scavenger ◽  
Scavenging Activity

Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts of aerial parts of Lamium purpureum L. was determined by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and TRP assays. Contents of flavonoids and phenols were also investigated. The total phenolic content in the extracts, determined using Folin?Ciocalteu assay, ranged between 8.57 to 128.00 mg GAE/g d.e. while concentrations of flavonoids in the extracts varied from 24.20 to 39.80 mg QuE/g d.e. The highest phenolic content was found in methanol extract (128.00 mg GAE/g d.e.). The highest content of total flavonoids was identified in the methanol extract (39.80 mg QuE/g d.e.) and the lowest was in the chloroform (24.30 mg QuE/g d.e.). DPPH scavenging of the extracts was determined and obtained IC50 values ranged from 0.12 to 3.12 mg/mL of solution. The values of ABTS radical scavenging activity ranged from 0.35 to 1.80 mg AA/g. The highest ABTS antiradical activity was registered for methanol extract. The FRAP value was found within the range 0.08 to 1.04 ?mol Fe/mg. The best radical scavenger was methanol (1.04 ?mol Fe/mg). In reducing power assay different extracts of L. purpureum showed increasing of activity with increased concentration, and all extracts possessed substantial dose dependent antioxidant activity. The best reducing capacity was obtained with methanol extract of L. purpureum (0.0132 mg AA/mL). The results in this study confirmed that L. purpureum possesses moderate antioxidant properties.

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Anti-Diabetic and Phytochemical Screening of Dried Ficus carica Linn Fruit Powder

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Different Types

Ficus carica L. or the common name is red figs that belong to the Moraceae family or the Mulberry family. Every part of the fruit or the tree has been able to treat different types of common diseases, for example, it is used as a natural laxative or a supplementary food for diabetes. Thus, this research uses four different solvents, ethyl acetate, ethanol, hexane, and water, to obtain the respective crude extracts in order to investigate the anti-diabetic properties by determining the inhibition of the activity of the diabetic enzymes, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase; and the DPPH assay determines the antioxidant activity while qualitative phytochemical screening was for phenols, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and flavonoids; total quantitative phenolic and total flavonoid content was done. The phytochemical screening showed the presence of the compounds tested in different types of crude extracts. For the total phenolic content, ethyl acetate extract exhibits the highest content. In contrast, hexane extract shows the highest total flavonoid content. For the DPPH assay, ethyl acetate extract has the highest scavenging activity at 13.351 µg/mL with corresponding with the data of total phenolic content. For the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, water extract has the lowest IC50 value among the four extracts but higher value than the standard. For α-amylase inhibitory activity, only ethanol extract showed the IC50 value, but it was a high value. In conclusion, there is potential for figs to be a natural source of medicine, and the extracts tested can be used for future studies.

scholarly journals Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn. Growing in Bangladesh Exerts In-vitro Antioxidant and In-vivo Analgesic and Anti-diarrheal Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
Md Sadman Hasib ◽  
Md Sazzadul Bari ◽  
Akhteruzzaman Chowdhury ◽  
Md Aslam Hossain ◽  
Mohammad A Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Tail Flick ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Analgesic Activities

The present study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant, antidiarrheal and analgesic activities of Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn. The methanol extract of V. farnesiana and its different fractionates were subjected to in-vitro assay for the determination of total phenolic content and antioxidative potential. The ethyl acetate soluble fraction (EASF) exhibited the highest free radical scavenging capacity (IC50 value of 21.49 ± 1.04 μg/ml) as compared to that exhibited by the standard butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT) (IC50 value of 20.41 ± 0.05 μg/ml). Such prominent antioxidative potential was further reinforced by a phenolic content of 39.26 ± 0.85 mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram of extract. The plant extract, at the dose of 400 mg/kg body weight, reduced castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice model by a statistically significant (p < 0.05) margin of 47.62%, while the standard loperamide produced 66.67% reduction of diarrheal feces. The central and peripheral analgesic activities of the crude methanol extract of V. farnesiana (MEVF) was determined by tail flick- and acetic acidinduced writhing methods, respectively, in Swiss albino mice. In the tail flick method, oral administration of MEVF at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight exhibited 221.09 and 237.09% elongation of pain response time, respectively, after 90 minutes of administration whereas the standard morphine effectuated 518.34% elongation within the same time. Furthermore, the same doses of the extract illustrated 63.27 and 69.39% reductions, respectively, in the acetic acid-induced abdominal constrictions in mice. Compared to the standard acetylsalicylic acid with 75.51% inhibition, statistically significant (p < 0.05) peripheral analgesic activity was established. The results of the present investigations suggest that methanol extract of V. farnesiana possesses antioxidant, antidiarrheal and analgesic activities which eventually indicates the presence of biologically important phytoconstituents within the plant that needs further exploration. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 23(2): 181-186, 2020

scholarly journals ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND TOTAL POLYPHENOLICS CONTENT OF ESSENTIAL OIL, METHANOL EXTRACT AND METHANOL FRACTIONS FROM COMMELINA NUDIFLORA

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Dawood Shah ◽  
Mohammad Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Hexadecanoic Acid ◽  
Methanol Extracts

Objective: In the present study, the essential oil, methanol extract, and methanol fractions (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol) obtained from Commelina nudiflora were investigated for the free radical scavenging effects and phytochemical analysis.Methods: The antioxidative effect of the essential oil, methanol extracts and methanol fractions were evaluated using 2, 2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using Folin-Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride reagents respectively. The phytochemical analyses of the essential oil, methanol extracts and methanol fractions were performed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GCMS). Results: The antioxidant, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of butanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform fractions were higher followed by methanol extract, hexane fraction and essential oil. Phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of alkaloid, saponin, steroid, phytosterols, triterpenoids and tannins etc. The identified bioactive constituents of essential oil, methanol extract and methanol fractions of C. nudiflora were indole, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 2-pentadecanone, 6,10,14-trimethyl, phenol, benzyl alcohol, eugenol, phenol, 2, 4-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl), hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester (palmitic acid ester), n-hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid), 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid, (linoleic acid) and phytol. All identified bioactive compounds and their derivatives were generally reported with antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antitumor properties.Conclusion: The obtained data suggest that the essential oil, methanol extract and methanol fractions of C. nudiflora possess remarkable antioxidant activities and vital phytochemicals. Thus the plant can be a utilized as a potential source of nutraceutical with antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Active Constituents and Evaluation of the Biological Effects of Quercus acuta Thunb. (Fagaceae) Extracts

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi-Hyeon Kim ◽  
Dae-Hun Park ◽  
Min-Suk Bae ◽  
Seung-Hui Song ◽  
Hyung-Ju Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Quercus Acuta

We evaluated the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of hexnane, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol, ethanol, and water extracts of the Quercus acuta leaf. The antioxidant properties were evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and total phenolic content. Antibacterial activity was assessed against general infectious pathogens, including antibiotic-resistant clinical isolates. The methanolic extract showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity and total phenolic content, while the reducing power was the highest in the water extract. The ethyl acetate extract showed the best antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. Additionally, it displayed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus KCTC1928, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341, Salmonella typhimurium KCTC 1925, Escherichia coli KCTC 1923, and eight MRSA strains. These results present basic information for the possible uses of the ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts from Q. acuta leaf in the treatment of diseases that are caused by oxidative imbalance and antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Six active compounds, including vitamin E, which are known to possess antioxidant and antibacterial activity, were identified from the extracts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that reports the chemical profiling and antibacterial effects of the various QA leaf extracts, suggesting their potential use in food therapy or alternative medicine.

scholarly journals Phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Phymatopteris hastata

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 1485-1496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Su ◽  
Peiyuan Li ◽  
Lini Huo ◽  
Caiying Wu ◽  
Nana Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Alcohol Extract

Various solvent extracts of Phymatopteris hastata, a traditional Chinese medicinal material, were screened for their antioxidant activities. Four systems of in vitro testing were employed to investigate the antiradical and antioxidant effect, i.e., the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) systems, the hydroxyl radical scavenging assay and the reducing power. In addition, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), a widely used synthetic antioxidant, was also studied for comparison. The results revealed that the ethyl acetate extract exhibited outstanding antioxidant activities, which was close or even superior to BHT. Furthermore, the total phenolic (TP) and total flavonoid (TF) contents of different extracts were measured, expressed as gallic acid and rutin equivalent, respectively. The antioxidant activities and the TP/TF content of different extracts followed the same order: ethyl acetate extract > butyl alcohol extract > petroleum ether extract, showing a good correlation between the antioxidant activities and the TP/TF content. The results showed that these extracts, especially the ethyl acetate extract, were rich in phenolics and flavonoids and could be considered as natural antioxidants.

scholarly journals Free-radical Scavenging and Quantitative Estimation of Flavonoids from the Polar Extracts of Corchorus depressus Leaves

2021 ◽  
pp. 210-219
Author(s):  
Khuntia Tapas Kumar ◽  
Nanda Upendra Nath ◽  
Senapati Aswini Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical ◽  
Polar Extracts

Background: The investigation of total flavonoids and antioxidant activity of polar extracts of Corchorus depressus is the major aim of this study. As observed from ancient literatures and folkloric claims the plant Corchorus depressus worshipped by the married women of Odisha, India, in the rituals called as “Jama Jutia”, possesses different biological activities including antioxidant property. Methods: The diphenyl picryl hydrazine, hydroxyl radical and nitric oxide radical scavenging methods were performed for measurement of the antioxidant activity at different extracts. The flavonoid and phenolic content of the extracts were determined by using aluminium chloride and Folin-Ciocalteau’s reagent (FCR) methods respectively. Results: The results for estimation of total phenolic content (mg/ 100 g) expressed as gallic acid equivalent (GAE) and total flavonoid (mg/ 100 g) in weight of quercetin equivalent (QE) was highest in methanolic extract 78.46 and  21.2 respectively, followed by 18.18 mg/100 g in GAE and 1.80 mg/100 g in QE for aqueous extract. Conclusion: The methanolic extract of C. depressus at 100µg/ml showed highest DPPH, hydroxyl and nitric oxide radical scavenging activity and this activity may be attributed to the presence of saponins and flavonoids as detected in the extract.

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