scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF TYPE AND CLINICAL FEATURES IN FEMALES WITH OBSTETRIC FISTULA – A CLINICAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-02
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ibrahim Akl ◽  
Gunnar Tellnes ◽  
Tor Bjerkedal
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Incontinence ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Obstetric Fistula ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Obstructed Labor ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Genital Fistula ◽  
Record Type ◽  
Female Genital

Obstetric fistula is an injury that occurs during prolonged and obstructed labor causing tissue damage to organs inside the pelvis and resulting in urine and fecal incontinence or both. The present study was conducted to record type and clinical features in females with Obstetric fistula. 60 patients with Female genital fistula were involved. A thorough clinical examination along with types and clinical features were recorded. Age group 10-20 years had 14 patients, 20-30 years had 26, 30-40 years had 12 and >40 years had 8 patients. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Type of fistula was VVF in 48, RVF in 7 and RVVF in 5 cases. Clinical features comprised of urine incontinence in 38, fecal incontinence in 20 and both urine and fecal incontinence in 2 cases. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). Most common cause was VVF and RVVF. Clinical features comprised of urine and fecal incontinence

scholarly journals Fistula Champions leading local actions for Ending Fistula in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysarjo Karmakar ◽  
Anirudha Karmakar ◽  
Sk Nazmul Huda
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Obstetric Fistula ◽  
Safe Motherhood ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Remote Communities ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
School Girls ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Genital Fistula ◽  
Female Genital

Aims: To document how fistula champions are contributing to improving maternal health, prevention of female genital fistula in remote villages in Bangladesh and their achievements to date.  Methods: Eight girls grade IX and X from three remote villages of Satkhira district were enrolled in School Girls for Fistula Free Bangladesh. They had four hours orientation workshop on obstetric fistula. They were provided a checklist for community actions for fistula awareness and prevention. The school girls prepared social maps of the villages, identified local resources and institutions for prevention of early marriage and promotion of safe motherhood. Activities included listing all pregnant women in their communities and educating them for pregnancy and labor care. Results: The school girls identified 54 pregnant women in the villages; these women received 127 ANC visits, 23 deliveries took place in hospitals. There were no incidents of early marriage in the villages. The school girls met the benchmarks to be a fistula champion and were awarded certificates for achievements.    Conclusions: Fistula champions have set up a model for local actions for ending fistula in remote communities.

scholarly journals Role of a community clinic for Prevention of Female Genital Fistula

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anirudha Karmakar ◽  
Sk Nazmul Huda
Keyword(s):  
Support Groups ◽  
Universal Coverage ◽  
Safe Motherhood ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
Obstructed Labor ◽  
Community Clinic ◽  
School Girls ◽  
Genital Fistula ◽  
Female Genital

Aims: To describe how a community clinic in Bangladesh playing role in prevention of female genital fistula in remote villages in Bangladesh. Methods: Fistula service related program data and records of a community clinic during January 2018 to September 2018 have been used to prepare this report. Results: Mobilizing the Community Clinic Group and Community Clinic Support Groups, a community clinic centered plan of action for prevention and care of fistula was prepared. Universal coverage of obstructed labor was achieved during this period through mobilizing the community clinic support groups. There was no case of early marriage in the coverage area during this time. Debipur community clinic facilitated the “School Girls for Fistula Free Bangladesh program” in the villages. Conclusions: Community Clinics in Bangladesh may play a major role in prevention of early marriage, promotion of safe motherhood and prevention of female genital fistula in villages. Community clinic centered social mobilization engaging school girls would help in ending fistula in remote communities.

scholarly journals Baseline knowledge of female genital fistula symptoms, causes and treatment among a rural population in Northern Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy Saha ◽  
Bea Ambauen-Berger ◽  
Shirajum Munira
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Obstetric Fistula ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Case Finding ◽  
Media Campaigns ◽  
River Islands ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
Genital Fistula ◽  
Female Genital

Aims: To provide baseline information among the general population on knowledge regarding female genital fistula (FGF) prior to media campaigns and diagnostic camps in 30 unions of 8 districts in Northern Bangladesh. Introduction: The aim of the Bangladesh national strategy is to end fistula by 2030.  According to the Maternal Morbidity Validation Study approximately 19,755 women lived with obstetric fistula in 2016.  Poor understanding of FGF and how it is treated hinders case finding of those needing treatment. Methods: The survey was conducted in Kurigram District.  Out of a total sample of 500, 380 (76%) were chosen from every 5th household of a randomly selected village on high land and 120 (24%) were all households of two river islands. Results: The respondents were 83.4% female and 16.6% male.  The mean age was 36.2 years of age, ranging from 17 to 85; 58.6% had no formal education and 61% reported a family income of less than Tk 6000/ month.    Overall 12% of participants had heard of FGF (‘a condition with leaking of urine and/or feces’), 13% of those living on high land and 7.5% of those living on river islands (p<0.1).  98.2% of respondents could not name any cause of FGF; 90.6% could not name any symptom and only 7 (1.4%) knew that surgery is the only cure. Conclusions: Knowledge of FGF is low among the public in rural Bangladesh, especially remote areas.  Campaigns to disseminate messages on FGF could contribute to case finding of affected women.

scholarly journals Prevalence findings from a community-based female genital fistula screening program in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucky Ghose ◽  
Sk Nazmul Huda ◽  
Vandana Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Fecal Incontinence ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Perineal Tear ◽  
Field Workers ◽  
Genital Fistula ◽  
Female Genital

Aims: This paper presents the findings of a community-based program to conduct house-to-house fistula screening in a district in Bangladesh. Methods: The USAID-supported Fistula Care Plus (FC+) project in Bangladesh purposively selected a district (Faridpur) for fistula programming. Fistula screening was integrated into the house-to-house activities of a NGO, active in community health. From July to December 2016, all households were reached by field staff for identification of any possible fistula cases using a four questions checklist. Suspected fistula cases were referred to community based fistula diagnosis events at regular intervals. Results: Among 0.5 million women, using the 4Q checklist, field workers identified 604 women as suspected fistula or perineal tear with fecal incontinence cases. Of these, 149 cases were clinically confirmed. The prevalence of fistula was 0.3/1000 ever-married women in the district. Conclusion: The fistula prevalence documented in Faridpur through this screening partnership is much lower than that reported in a 2003 UNFPA/EngenderHealth survey in Bangladesh (1.69/1000 ever-married women). This difference in district-level prevalence also suggests the value of local data in the development and implementation of fistula programs.

Issues of geriatric otolaryngologic emergency have not been widely applied despite increase in geriatric population. (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waheed Atilade Adegbiji ◽  
Shuaib Kayode Aremu ◽  
AbdulAkeem Adebayo Aluko
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
Foreign Body Impaction ◽  
Nose And Throat

BACKGROUND Issues of geriatric otolaryngologic emergency have not been widely applied despite increase in geriatric population. OBJECTIVE This study aimed at determining prevalence, sociodemographic features, aetiology, clinical features, Complications and sources ofreferral of geriatric otorhinolaryngological, head and neck emergency in our center. METHODS This was a prospective hospital based study of geriatric otorhinolaryngology emergency in the Ear, Nose and Throat Department of Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital. The study was carried out between October 2016 and September 2018. Data were obtained by using pretested interviewers questionnaire.All data were collated and analyzed using SPSS version 18.0. The data were expressed by frequency table, percentage, bar charts and pie charts. RESULTS Geriatric otorhinolaryngology, head and neck emergency accounted for 5.3%. Major prevalence age group was 43.9% in the age group (60-64). There were 38.6% males with male to female ratio of 1:1.5. The main aetiology of geriatric otorhinolaryngology emergency was 29.5% trauma/road traffic accident/foreign body impaction and 25.8% tumour. Main anatomical distribution of geriatric otorhinolaryngology emergency were 38.6% throat diseases and 31.1% ear diseases. The most frequent clinical features were pain in 27.3%, hearing loss in 21.2%, tinnitus in 15.9%, bleeding in 14.4%, difficulty breathing in 12.9% and discharge in 11.4%. Common diagnosis in this study were 15.9% sinonasal tumour, 14.4% upper aerodigestive foreign body impaction, 10.6% earwax impaction and 19.8% otitis externa. Acute presentation (<13 weeks) occurred in 1 week in 74.2% and 2-13 weeks In 19.7%. Commonest time of presentation was daytime in 65.9%. Major sources of referral were 43.2% general practitioner and 31.1% casualty officers. Presentation of geriatric otorhinolaryngology emergency were mainly ear, nose and throat clinic in 59.8% with accident and emergency in 28.8%. Commonest associated comorbid illnesses among the geriatric patients were 18.2% hypertension, 14.4% arthritis and 9.8% diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSIONS Geriatric otorhinolaryngological emergency are common pathology with associated with comorbid illnesses. Detailed clinical assessment are mandatory for effective management outcome.

scholarly journals Tower Running—Participation, Performance Trends, and Sex Difference

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Stark ◽  
Stefania Di Gangi ◽  
Caio Victor Sousa ◽  
Pantelis Nikolaidis ◽  
Beat Knechtle
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Statistical Model ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Stair Climbing ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Performance Trends ◽  
The Difference

Though there are exhaustive data about participation, performance trends, and sex differences in performance in different running disciplines and races, no study has analyzed these trends in stair climbing and tower running. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate these trends in tower running. The data, consisting of 28,203 observations from 24,007 climbers between 2014 and 2019, were analyzed. The effects of sex and age, together with the tower characteristics (i.e., stairs and floors), were examined through a multivariable statistical model with random effects on intercept, at climber’s level, accounting for repeated measurements. Men were faster than women in each age group (p < 0.001 for ages ≤69 years, p = 0.003 for ages > 69 years), and the difference in performance stayed around 0.20 km/h, with a minimum of 0.17 at the oldest age. However, women were able to outperform men in specific situations: (i) in smaller buildings (<600 stairs), for ages between 30 and 59 years and >69 years; (ii) in higher buildings (>2200 stairs), for age groups <20 years and 60–69 years; and (iii) in buildings with 1600–2200 stairs, for ages >69 years. In summary, men were faster than women in this specific running discipline; however, women were able to outperform men in very specific situations (i.e., specific age groups and specific numbers of stairs).

scholarly journals Clinical Profile of Acute Poisoning in Children at a Teaching Hospital in Lalitpur

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajaya Kumar Dhakal ◽  
D Shrestha ◽  
A Shakya ◽  
SC Shah ◽  
H Shakya
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Common ◽  
Poisoning In Children

Introduction: Acute poisonings are one of the common cause of emergency visits and hospital admissions and is potentially preventable cause of childhood mortality and morbidity. The objectives of this study were to identify the common type of poisoning in children, to determine types of poisoning according to age and to find out the common age group in which the incidence of poisoning was high.Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive observational study done in a teaching hospital in Lalitpur, Nepal in patients aged 1 month to 18 years who visited the emergency department and were admitted to hospital with history of alleged poisoning from 2009 July to 2014 January.Results: Fifty patients were included. Drugs, kerosene and organophosphorus were most common cause of poisoning. Drugs and kerosene below 10 years of age and organophosphorus and drugs above 10 years of age were common types of poisoning. Maximum numbers (50%) of children with poisoning cases were below five year of age. Mean duration of hospital stay was 2.1days and mean age of poisoning was 7.8 years with a male(54%) predominance. Majority of poisoning occurred at home (84%) and 68% of patients were symptomatic at presentation to hospital with 84% of patients presenting to hospital within six hours.Conclusion: This study showed that drugs, kerosene and organophosphorus were most common forms of poisoning. Young children were most vulnerable for acute poisoning.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i2.10139J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(2):100-103 

scholarly journals Anal sphincter dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: an observation manometric study

Open Medicine ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 509-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Marola ◽  
Alessia Ferrarese ◽  
Enrico Gibin ◽  
Marco Capobianco ◽  
Antonio Bertolotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Fecal Incontinence ◽  
Anal Pressure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Resting Anal Pressure ◽  
Group B ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Group D

AbstractConstipation, obstructed defecation, and fecal incontinence are frequent complaints in multiple sclerosis. The literature on the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these disorders is scant. Using anorectal manometry, we compared the anorectal function in patients with and without multiple sclerosis.136 patients referred from our Center for Multiple Sclerosis to the Coloproctology Outpatient Clinic, between January 2005 and December 2011, were enrolled. The patients were divided into four groups: multiple sclerosis patients with constipation (group A); multiple sclerosis patients with fecal incontinence (group B); non-multiple sclerosis patients with constipation (group C); non-multiple sclerosis patients with fecal incontinence (group D). Anorectal manometry was performed to measure: resting anal pressure; maximum squeeze pressure; rectoanal inhibitory reflex; filling pressure and urge pressure. The difference between resting anal pressure before and after maximum squeeze maneuvers was defined as the change in resting anal pressure calculated for each patient.ResultsGroup A patients were noted to have greater sphincter hypotonia at rest and during contraction compared with those in group C (p=0.02); the rectal sensitivity threshold was lower in group B than in group D patients (p=0.02). No voluntary postcontraction sphincter relaxation was observed in either group A or group B patients (p=0.891 and p=0.939, respectively).ConclusionsThe decrease in the difference in resting anal pressure before and after maximum squeeze maneuvers suggests post-contraction sphincter spasticity, indicating impaired pelvic floor coordination in multiple sclerosis patients. A knowledge of manometric alterations in such patients may be clinically relevant in the selection of patients for appropriate treatments and for planning targeted rehabilitation therapy.

scholarly journals HIV and Hepatitis B seroprevalence among the nepalese blood donors

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 390-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
SR Kandel ◽  
P Ghimire ◽  
BR Tiwari ◽  
M Rajkarnikar
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Test Kit ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Donated Blood ◽  
Donor Recruitment

Background: HIV and Hepatitis B infections are public health problems in Nepal. This study was conducted based at NRCS/CBTS, with the objective of determining the HIV and HBsAg sero-prevalence in non-remunerated volunteer blood donors. Materials and Methods: A total of 66,904 units of blood collected, following donor recruitment criteriaduring March 2009-Sept. 2010 was included for analysis. All donated blood samples were subjected to screening for Transfusion transmitted infections including HIV and Hepatitis B surface antigen using standard ELISA test kits (Dade Behring, Germany). Initial reactive sera were re-tested for reconfi rmation with same test kits plus another test kit (Detect-HIV, Adaltis Inc, and Qualisa). Results: Out of 66,904 units of blood collected, 56,973 units were from male and 9,931 were from female donors. Among the total screened samples, 73 (0.10%) were found to be positive for HIV, {0.11% (64/56973) in male and 0.09% (9/9931) in female}; the difference between male and female donors (?2<3.841) was statistically signifi cant. The seroprevalence of HIV was highest in age group of 30- 39 both in male and female (p<0.001). Similarly, for HBsAg, overall seroprevalence was found to be 0.47% (316/66904 {0.42% (242/56973) in male and 0.74% (74/9931) in female}. The difference was statistically signifi cant (?2<3.841). The highest HBsAg sero-prevalence(0.65%) was also observed in same age group i.e. 30-39 (p<0.001) in male but highest seroprevalence (2.63%) was observed inage group of ?50 in female. Conclusion: Both HIV and HBV sero-prevalence is high in adult voluntary blood donors. Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2013) Vol. 3, No.1, Issue 5, 390-393 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v3i5.7864

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